11. Sonntag - Asian Math Information

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Asian Math, Information andLife Sciences14 March 2011

Lt Col Dave SonntagDeputy Director

AFRL/RSZ

Air Force Research Laboratory

AFOSR

Distribution A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 88ABW-2011-0771


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2011 AFOSR SPRING REVIEWMATH, INFO & LIFE SCIENCES

Name: Lt Col Dave Sonntag

Team: Prof Hiroshi Motoda (Part-time Program Manager)Maj Glenn Coleman (Reservist)Dr. Ken Boff (Sr. Advisor)Dr. Peter Friedland (Sr. Advisor)

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PORTFOLIO:

Asian life sciences ranging from nano- to social-scale.

LIST SUB-AREAS IN PORTFOLIO:

Sociocultural predictionSensory systemsNano-bio interactions


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Scientific Challenges

Theme Challenge Rationale

SocioculturalModeling &Prediction

Model collective behavior Quantitative vs qualitative Huge datasets

Understand trust & values Hearts and minds Non-kinetic influence

ComplexNetworks

Multiscale modeling Understanding causality

Biological control systems Autonomous systems Human performance

Nanobio

Interactions,SensorySystems

Multidisciplinary Scale Reverse-engineer 3B yrR&D program

Biological optimization Bio-inspired design Human performance


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Transformational Opportunities2020 Timeframe

Decision-Quality Prediction ofBehavior (TH 2.3)

Massive storage and processing power,continued rise of open source, andwireless sensor mesh

Augmentation of HumanPerformance (TH 2.4)


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Other Funding Organizations

Theme Organizations Opportunity and Cost


ONRG NSF

DTRA IARPA Foreign work lost

Ivory Tower syndrome

Loss of heavy-hitters

Loss of leverage

Complex

Networks

TTCP (Anglo) DSTO (Australia)

NSF

NanobioInteractions,

SensorySystems

DTRA DARPA Google

Caltech/JPL


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Program Trends

Theme Challenge Planned Direction


Model collective behavior Quantitative vs qualitative Huge datasets

ComplexNetworks

Multi-scale modeling Understanding causality

Nanobio

Interactions,SensorySystems

Multi-disciplinary

Scale Reverse-engineer 3B yrR&D program


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Recent Transitions

Theme Details

Optical Brain-ComputerInterface

Seoul National Harvard/MITWhole-brain scale upTsukuba next?(AFRL/RHCS)

Sensory SystemsPolarization vision workshop -- Srinis bees(AFRL/RW)

Quantum BiologyAOARD PI-organized, Google-fundedworkshop. Four PIs now working with

AFRL/RXB and AFRL/RHP

Complex AdaptiveSystems

TTCP AG-14 final report, complex decision-making findings into Oz & US Sr. ServiceSchools


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Converging SciencesTransformational Opportunities & Risks

NSF, 2006

Bits

Atoms

Info

Nano

Bio

Cogno

Genes

Neurons

Enhancing

Human

Performance


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Convergence Opportunities2010: Quantum Meets Classical

Classical Gas: one bit per neuron lost per second

Quantum of Solace: 1015 microtubule ops/s/neuron

Nature has, for whateverreason, been able to protectquantum coherence better thanwe can do with molecules thathave been specially designed.Simon Benjamin, National University of Singapore


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Convergence RisksMulti-Disciplinary Babel

New AOARD grantees: Japans NIMS, Czech Republic

Academy of Sciences

Microtubule oscillations at 8 MHz

Underappreciatedelectrodynamic nature of the cell

Static E-field aroundmitochondrion, for differentdensity of protons in inter-membrane space


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Program Areas

Socio-cultural Modeling & Prediction Systemic Functional Theory Meets Dynamical SystemsTheory

Modeling Disaster Risk Attitudes

Trust Formation in Global Virtual Teams WebMon Meets Social Networks

Sensory Systems

Auditory Hair Cell Modulation

Quantum Biology

Computing on the cytoskeleton?


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Objective: Analyze multimedia data toidentify and track evolving semantic

patterns, esp related to stability.

Approach: Apply dynamical systemstheory (DST) to base data derived fromsystemic functional theory (SFT) analysisof text and multimedia resources.

Progress: Six case studies using SFT to

derive semantics, relations, interpersonalmeaning, modality and text organization.DST applied in visualization tools tocompare semantic patterns across texts.

Result of: AOARD 10-4107: Kay OHalloran (National University Singapore) & Kevin Judd(University of Western Australia)

Transition Paths: Semantic analysis of multimedia data; identification & tracking patterns; instability

Socio-Cultural ModelingSynthesis of Systemic Functional Theory & Dynamical Systems Theory


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Socio-Cultural ModelingSynthesis of Systemic Functional Theory & Dynamical Systems Theory

Significance: Benefits include an effective means for detectingand analyzing discourse strategies through which people and

interest groups position themselves and create potentialinstabilities in ways which are not always immediately apparent.


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Modeling Disaster Risk Attitudes

Objectives:

To understand attitudes of people in threeclasses of disasters: natural, human-inducedand pandemic influenza.

Visualize semantics of disaster experience fordeveloping ontologies that may be used indesigning socio-technical system for disastermanagement, combining attitudinal data withphysical disaster data, which is rarely done.

Approach:

Top-down constructed ABC attitudinal model.

Bottom-up: analysis of secondary data (peoplesstories, research & media reports). These weremined using text mining tool, Leximancer, tobuild hybrid ontology architecture.

Visualizing Disaster Experience Using Semantic Maps

Result of:Investigators:

AOARD discovery, long-term relationships of over 10 yearsHalimahtun Khalid, Damai Sciences, Malaysia

Martin Helander, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

Methodology: ABC modeling, Semantic mining, Hybrid ontology architecture for system design

Ontologyarchitecture

ABCattitudinal

model


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Research Significance:

Scientific value is the systematic, all-encompassing methodology for modelingdisaster risk attitudes, combining top-downand bottom-up approaches.

Hybrid ontology model integratinginformation from heterogeneous sources;

may be exploited in disaster preventiveinitiatives to prevent loss of lives due toattitudinal issues, and to support disastermanagement efforts through better designof sociotechnical system.

Semantic map of generic Natural Disaster(tsunami, earthquake hurricane, flood),Behavior anticipation is dominant

Seed concepts of anticipation

include: concern (behavior), fear(affect), and decision (cognition)

Modeling Disaster Risk AttitudesVisualizing Disaster Experience Using Semantic Maps


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Research Significance :

Scientific value is the systematic, allencompassing methodology for modelingdisaster risk attitudes, combining top-downand bottom-up approaches.

Hybrid ontology model integrating

information from heterogenous sources,may be exploited in disaster preventiveinitiatives to prevent loss of lives due toattitudinal issues, and to support disastermanagement efforts through better designof sociotechnical system.

Mapping attitudinal todisaster situation ontologies

Socio-technical

System Datatypes

Modeling Disaster Risk AttitudesVisualizing Disaster Experience Using Semantic Maps


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Effects of Culture on the Formation ofSwift Trust within Global Virtual Teams

Result of:Investigators:

AOARD discovery, long-term relationships of over 5 yearsNorhayati Zakaria, Shafiz Mohd Yusof

Wollongong University in Dubai, University Utara Malaysia

Future Direction:Examine Cultural Effects on Swift Trustwithin GVTs using Cultural Theoretical LensBetter

LeadershipBetter LifecycleManagement

Reducing

conflict

Knowledgesharing

Challenges in GVTs High ContextCulture

Low ContextCulture

HighTrust

Swift trust within-groupmembers

Trust is objectiveand task-oriented

LowTrust

Anxiety towardsout-groupmembers

People are lesskeen to developswift trust basedon affectiveobjectives

becauserelationship orientations takelonger to develop

1

2

3

Global

Virtual Teams

Trust

Culture

GVT + Swift

Trust + Culture

Swift Trust

CULTURAL VALUES

W bM f S i l N k


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WebMon for Social Network

Opinion mining and early warning

Classifying

Monitoring

Analysis

Smart Monitor

Classifier

Web information Trend Changes:

Information storage & publicationSearch Engines, Portals, News

Business / Service App. interfaceseBay, Amazon

Social networks with many devicesMobile phones, Smart phones

Live updates within social networksFacebook & Twitter

Solution: WebMon for

Risk Management

New WebMon for Social Networks:

Provide more active monitoring

Monitor live update

Provide information for impact analysisof public issues/opinions

Provide early warning and response

PI: B. Kang (University of Tasmania)Co-fund: T. Lyons (AFOSR/NL)Partner: J. Salerno (AFRL/RI)

Impact Analyser

W bM f S i l N k


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Monitoring Collect opinion data

(total volume trend of articles on Samsung insurance)

Analysis Sentiment analysis

(positive, negative, unclassifiable)

Social network analysis(who influenced whom)

Location analysis(where in regions)

Twitter communities in South Korea analyzed:

Dec 7, 2010 Dec 17, 2010

Sentiment Analysis

Social Network Anal sisLocation Anal sis

States in S. KoreaSeoul area

WebMon for Social Network

Opinion mining and early warning


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Auditory Hair Cell ModulationNanoscale Monitoring and Modulation of Auditory Sensing System

Result of: AOARD discovery: Jinwoo Cheon, Yonsei University

Transition Paths: Bionic Ear, Acoustic Wave Sensing

Bullfrog hair cellMagnetic microparticle-

bound hair cell

Magnetic manipulation of hair cell oscillation

Scientific Objective: mechanicalactuation of auditory hair cells byusing novel nanotechnology.

Approach: (1) Magnetic micro-and nano-particles linked to lectinsat the surface of hair

cells' stereocilia, and (2) magneticprobe for exerting pN-scale forceson hair cells, inducing a real-timemodulation of natural oscillation.

Progress: Demonstrated the firstmechanical manipulation of haircells using magnetic stimulus.

Significance: (1) externallyimposed control of hair celloscillation, (2) study of haircell dynamics under appliedloading, thus modeling the effectsof feedback in the biologicalsystem, (3) showcase of newdesign of nanoscaleactuator/sensors.

magnetic probetip

haircell

magneticparticle

magneticparticle

fast slow

N bi i f


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Result of: AOARD discovery: Anirban Bandyopadhyay, Japan NIMS, Tsukuba

Transition Paths: Biological information processing, quantum biology

Three layers operate in different ACfrequency regimes independently.

Outer layers are significantly slowerthan lower layers.

Each layer is a signal purification filterfor inner layer.

All three layers have distinct crystalsymmetry at junctionmemory statesare largely protected.

Nano-bio-infoInformation Processing in Single Microtubules

N bi i f


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Can encode 500 bits in a single microtubule.

N bi i f


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Temperature-Independent Conductivity


Vsource - Vdrain

Vgate

Room-Temperature Interferometry

CNTMicrotubule

Temp-Independent Conductivity: 1981-1998, metals, molten, or high

pressure/low temperature

First example in a biologicalsystem

Room-Temperature Interferometry:

Symmetry indicates quantumcoherence

Previously documented in CNTsand gold nanowires, but nowherenearly as robust

Huge implications for biologicalcomputation

Penrose-Hameroff ORCH-OR stillin play

May explain Montagniers latest

Next quantum biology workshopin Stockholm

Ad i f S


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Advice for my Successor(Summary)

Complex adaptive systems have proven very usefulfor understanding living systems from the nano to thesocial scale

Ongoing workshops in causality continue

Nanobio findings suggest AOARD should begin toexplore magnetobiology within sensory systemsframework

Exciting future for quantum biology and Your time in Tokyo will fly by too fast


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11. Sonntag - Asian Math Information