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• 10/9 Focus10/9 Focus:– Geographic conditions in the Indus
River Valley allowed for the development of civilization on the Indian subcontinent
– Seasonal monsoons were and continue to be an important factor in the life of people on the Indian subcontinent
• Do Now:Do Now:– What is a peninsula? What is a peninsula?
River Valley River Valley CivilizationsCivilizations
The Indus ValleyThe Indus ValleyGeography of South AsiaGeography of South Asia
(Indian Subcontinent) (Indian Subcontinent)
Indian SubcontinentIndian Subcontinent• Landmass that includes Landmass that includes
the modern day nations the modern day nations of:of:– India India – Pakistan Pakistan – BangladeshBangladesh
• Separated from Asia by Separated from Asia by large mountain ranges large mountain ranges in the Northin the North– HimalayasHimalayas– Hindu KushHindu Kush – KarakoramKarakoram
Indian SubcontinentIndian Subcontinent
• Southern half Southern half is large is large peninsula peninsula
• PeninsulaPeninsula– Landmass Landmass
with water on with water on three sidesthree sides
Geographic RegionsGeographic Regions
• Three distinct Three distinct geographic geographic regionsregions– Mountains in Mountains in
the north the north – Deccan PlateauDeccan Plateau– Northern PlainsNorthern Plains
Mountains Mountains • Kept climate
subtropical• Limited contact
with other groups • Ways through the
Mts.– Khyber Pass
• Mountain pass in the Hindu Kush
• Allowed movement into the Indus Valley
– Thar Desert
Deccan PlateauDeccan Plateau
• Plateau Plateau – Raised, flat Raised, flat
area of landarea of land
• Dry, Arid Dry, Arid region in the region in the center of the center of the subcontinentsubcontinent
Northern PlainsNorthern Plains
• Three rivers pass Three rivers pass through this areathrough this area– IndusIndus– GangesGanges– BrahmaputraBrahmaputra
• Silt from flooding Silt from flooding made the soil made the soil fertilefertile
• Civilizations Civilizations developed heredeveloped here
MonsoonsMonsoons
• Seasonal winds Seasonal winds • Summer Summer – Heavy rains, Heavy rains,
warm airwarm air
• WinterWinter– Cool, Dry airCool, Dry air
MonsoonsMonsoons
• Brought rain Brought rain needed for needed for cropscrops
• Led to flooding Led to flooding of rivers and of rivers and creation of creation of fertile silt fertile silt