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School Safety Training

Machine Guarding

WAC 296-806-100

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Notice

This presentation is provided to all Educational Service District 101 (ESD 101) schools at no cost.

This presentation contains copyrighted materials purchased by ESD 101 for the exclusive use of training school personnel within ESD 101.

This presentation may not be reproduced except to print “handouts” or “notes pages” for use during training within ESD 101 school districts.

If the school district does not have Microsoft’s PowerPoint software available, a PowerPoint viewer can be downloaded from the internet at no cost.

Questions may be directed to the ESD 101 Risk Manager.

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Rule of Thumb

Any machine part, function, or process that may cause injury must be safeguarded.

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Regulatory Requirements

Regulatory requirements found in WAC 296-806-100

Applies to specific types of equipment Delineates general requirements

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Where Mechanical Hazards Occur

The point of operation In the power transmission apparatus Other moving parts

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Hazardous Mechanical Motions

Rotating Reciprocating Transverse

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Hazardous Actions

Cutting Punching Shearing Bending

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Types of Rotating Mechanisms

Collars Couplings Cams Clutches Flywheels Shaft ends Spindles

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Nip Points

Caused by rotating parts Causes include

•Parts rotating in opposite directions•Parts rotating tangentially•Parts rotating close to a fixed part

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Types of Reciprocating Motions

Back and forth Up and down

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Types of Transverse Motions

Straight and in a continuous line Examples include two pulleys and a belt

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Cutting Actions

Include•Rotating motions•Reciprocating motions•Transverse motions

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Types of Cutting Mechanisms

Band saws Circular saws Boring or

drilling machines Lathes Milling machines

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Types of Punching Actions

A ram mechanism:•Blanks•Draws •Stamps

Used on metal or other materials

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Types of Punching Equipment

Power presses Iron working equipment

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Types of Shearing Actions

Uses a powered slide or knife Done to trim or shear metal or other

materials

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Types of Shearing Equipment

Shears that are operated:•Hydraulically•Mechanically•Pneumatically

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Types of Bending Actions

Power is applied to a slide to:•Draw •Stamp

Used on metal or other materials

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Types of Bending Equipment

Power presses Press brakes Tubing benders

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Requirements for Safeguards

Minimum general requirements include:•Prevent contact•Secure•Protect from falling objects•Create no new hazards•Create no interference•Allow for safe lubrication

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Classifications of Safeguards

Guards Devices Location/distance Feeding and ejection methods Miscellaneous aids

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Types of Guards

Fixed Interlocked Adjustable Self-adjusting

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Types of Devices

Presence Sensing•Photoelectrical•Radio frequency•Electromechanical

Pullbacks or Restraints

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Types of Devices (cont.)

Safety Controls•Safety trip control

Pressure-sensitive body barSafety tripodSafety tripwire cable

•Two-hand control•Two-hand trip

Gates• Interlocked•Other

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Location/Distance

Makes it virtually impossible to contact moving parts

Separates operators from the equipment Limited by the available workspace

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Feeding and Ejection Methods

Automatic feed Semiautomatic feed Automatic ejection Semiautomatic ejection Robot

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Miscellaneous Aids

Awareness barriers Protective shields Hand-feeding tools and holding fixtures

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Quiz

1. Mechanical hazards occur at the point of operation, in the power transmission apparatus, and _________.

2. Any moving part on a piece of equipment that could injure an employee should be guarded. True or False

3. Power presses are extremely dangerous because of the force necessary for them to operate. T or F

4. Shearing mechanisms can be operated with_________, _________, or _________ energy.

5. As long as the guards remain in place, operators should not be trained on machine guarding. T or F

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Quiz (cont.)

6. A robot is one type of automated feeding and ejection mechanism. True or False

7. Hazardous mechanical motions include ____________, __________, and _____________.

8. Nip points are created when sliding mechanisms move back and forth. True or False

9. Cutting mechanisms include ________________, ________________ and __________________.

10.Location and distance is not a classification of machine safeguarding. True or False

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Quiz Answers

1. Mechanical hazards occur at the point of operation,in the power transmission apparatus, and in any other moving parts.

2. True. All moving parts that create a hazard should be guarded.

3. True. The force of a power press can destroy metal, let alone the human body.

4. Shearing mechanisms can be operated with hydraulic, mechanical, or pneumatic energy.

5. False. If operators work with equipment containing safeguards, they should be adequately trained on how to use them.

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Quiz Answers (cont.)

6. True. A robot is a type of feeding and/or ejection method.

7. Hazardous mechanical motions include rotating, reciprocating, and transverse.

8. False. Nip points are created by rotating parts.

9. Cutting mechanisms include band saws, circular saws, drilling machines, lathes, and milling machines.

10. False. Location and distance is one of five classifications of machine safeguarding.