Warm upWarm up What is a prokaryote? Give some examples where
you might find bacteria. Which one is more important: prokaryotes
or eukaryotes?
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Objectives Explain how life on Earth depends on bacteria.
Describe the process of nitrogen fixation. Define bioremediation.
List three ways bacteria are useful to people. Describe two ways in
which bacteria can be harmful to people.
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Introduction Are harmful bacteria more of a problem or less of
a problem to people now than they were 200 years ago? Can you name
some products that are made by using bacteria? Have you ever had
strep throat or a cavity in your tooth?
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Bacteria in the environmentBacteria in the environment
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Good for the environmentGood for the environment Life as we
know it could not exist without bacteria. Bacteria are very
important to health of Earth. They help recycle dead organisms.
Bacteria also play an important role in the nitrogen cycle.
Bacteria are important to life on Earth because 1- they fix
nitrogen 2- they decompose dead matter.
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Nitrogen fixationNitrogen fixation
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Recycling
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Bioremediation Bacteria and other microorganisms are also used
to fight pollution. Bioremediation: using microorganisms to change
harmful chemicals into harmless ones, Bioremediation is used to
clean hazardous wastes from industries, farms and cities as well as
oil spills.
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Good for peopleGood for people Bacteria are useful to people
because they help make foods and medicines (antibiotics: medicines
used to kill bacteria ex: insulin).
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Genetic engineeringGenetic engineering The process of changing
the genes of an organism is called genetic engineering. Scientists
can now engineer bacteria to make many products, such as
insecticides, cleansers and adhesives.
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Pathogenic bacteriaPathogenic bacteria Pathogenic bacteria =
harmful bacteria They cause diseases Pathogenic bacteria get inside
a host organism and take nutrients from the host cells as well as
they harm the cells of the host. Today, we are protected from many
bacterial disease by vaccination or antibiotics.
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Pathogenic bacteriaPathogenic bacteria Pathogenic bacteria can
also cause diseases in animals, plants, fungi and even other
bacteria. It can harm fruits, seeds and crops.
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Wrap upWrap up How life on Earth depends on bacteria? Describe
the process of nitrogen fixation. Define bioremediation. List three
ways bacteria are useful to people. Describe two ways in which
bacteria can be harmful to people.
