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9/3/2015
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MUNICIPAL CLIMATE ADAPTATION AND CAPITAL PLANNING
APWA National CongressSeptember 2015
Mani Rajendran P. Eng.
Project Manager, Transportation Design – Region of Durham, ON
Jennifer E. Lawson, CSM
Water Quality Manager – City of Ann Arbor, MI
Brandy Siedlaczek, CSM
Storm Water Manager – City of Southfield, MI
Overview
Risk-based Adaptation Strategy Capital Planning
Science-based Adaptation Capital Planning
Project Implementation
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Mani Rajendran P. Eng.Project Manager, Transportation Design
Co-Chair, Roads Task Force Community Climate Adaptation Planning
Climate Adaptation Planning
Brief introduction to Durham Region
How Durham views climate-related risks
How does it go about addressing those risks
“the process that Durham follows to adapt”
Presentation Outline
Location
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The Region of Durham
Durham Region Roundtable on Climate Change
“To position the Region of Durham as a leader in addressing climate change issues.”
Durham Roundtable on Climate Change
Community Climate Change Local Action
Plan
Community Climate Adaptation Plan
Climate Adaptation
Mitigation
Protecting the climate
from us
Adaptation
Protecting us from the
climate
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Source: City of Toronto Environment & Energy Division
Framework to Manage Climate Risks
Community Adaptation Planning Process
Initiation(2013)
Initiation(2013)
Risk Assessment(2014)
Risk Assessment(2014)
Program Design & Preliminary
Costing(Current year)
Program Design & Preliminary
Costing(Current year)
Funding(2016)Funding(2016)
Implementation & Monitoring
(2017+)
Implementation & Monitoring
(2017+)
Initiation Phase
Step 1• Building Adaptation Team
Step 2• Understanding ongoing CC
& municipal responses
Step 3 • Initiating Research
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Harmony Creek Before…
Harmony Creek After…
Harmony Creek Before…
Harmony Creek After…
Risk Assessment Phase
Step 1• Climate Projection Study
Step 2• Stakeholder Involvement
Step 3• Risk Assessments
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Step 1 – Climate Projections
SENES study on Durham’s climate in 2040-2049 (compared to 2000-2009)
“Warmer, wetter, wilder”
Extreme events are a concern
Step 2 – Stakeholder Involvement
Presented the forecast study to the community
Posed questions to initiate dialogue
Requested representatives to form task forces
Community Adaptation Planning
Key Sectors of Community
Natural Environment
Roads
Flood Management
Food Security
Human Health
ElectricalSector
Buildings
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Step 3 – Interpretation & Risk Assessments
7 Expert Task Forces (ETF) created
Risk assessment Process
ETF’s met to discuss cross-over issues
Step 3: Risk Assessment (Roads)(for projected climate--extreme storm, heat, and fewer and less cold days)
1 2 3 4 5
1 Sign Posts/Trees (Storm)
Reduction in Road Salt (less cold days)
2 Bridges (Heat, Less Cold Days)
Potholes (Less Cold Days)
Sanitary Sewers (Storm)
Waterfront Bluffs (Storm, Wind)
3 Pavement Structure (Storm)
Buckling of Concrete Structure (Heat)
Pavement Deterioration (less cold days)
4 Pavement Softening (Heat)
5 Storm Structures/Embankments (Storm)
Likelihood of Impact
Con
sequ
ence
• HIGH RISK
• MODERATE RISK
• LOW RISK
Risks Identified
Task Force High Risks Medium
Risks
Total
Flood Mgmt. 26 0 26
Natural Environment 14 7 21
Buildings 16 37 53
Electrical Sector 3 3 6
Human Health 2 7 9
Roads 6 5 11
Food Security 4 9 13
Totals 71 68 139
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Design of Programs
2015 work-plan:TASK 1: Best Practice Analysis
TASK 2: Identify Measures
TASK 3: Design Program
TASK 4: Design Charrette
TASK 5: Preliminary Cost Estimate
Next Steps
Initiation
(2013)
Initiation
(2013)
Risk Assessment
(2014)
Risk Assessment
(2014)
Program Design &
Preliminary Costing
(Current year)
Program Design &
Preliminary Costing
(Current year)
Funding
(2016)
Funding
(2016)
Implementation & Monitoring
(2017+)
Implementation & Monitoring
(2017+)
Next Speaker – Jennifer Lawson, City of Ann Arbor
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ANN ARBORIncorporating the Science of Adaptation
1968
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The Climate is Changing…27
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25% increase in Precipitation…
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38% Increase in Extreme Storms…
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How old is that City-owned Pipe?
Decade Constructed Feet of Main Miles of Main Percent of Total
1900s 410 0.08 0.03%
1910s 52,545 9.95 4.29%
1920s 135,768 25.71 11.09%
1930s 40,451 7.66 3.30%
1940s 37,775 7.15 3.09%
1950s 197,359 37.38 16.12%
1960s 303,638 57.51 24.80%
1970s 149,789 28.37 12.24%
1980s 69,027 13.07 5.64%
1990s 114,035 21.60 9.32%
2000s 60,835 11.52 4.97%
2010s 6,689 1.27 0.55%
unknown 55,837 10.58 4.56%
TOTAL 1,224,158 231.85
231 Miles of Stormwater Pipe241 Miles from Ann Arbor to Chicago
Allen Creek (Before the Pipe) ~1920
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Stormwater vs. Wastewater
Combined vs. Separated Systems
City has a separated system
Stormwater goes ultimately to Huron River None receives advanced treatment
Sanitary goes directly to WWTP
Footing Drain Flow (FDD Program)
$6 Million annual revenue from Stormwater Utility
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Ann Arbor Stormwater Utility Revenue
2007 = $4,041,938.44
2008 = $4,777,706.89
2009 = $5,190,173.61
2010 = $5,298,685.15
2011 = $5,396,396.30
2012 = $6,062,364.00
2013 = $6,059,170.00
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What is a Stormwater Utility?
A dedicated funding source to support an administrative organization that plans, designs, constructs and maintains a stormwater management system, sediment and flood control programs and projects, and provides stormwater education.
Everyone pays….
Everyone pays….
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The public told us what they wanted….
33% Tree Canopy
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Integrating Green
Infrastructure and Equity
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Modeling Adaptation
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Model Calibration45
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Modeling for the Future
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Capital Improvements and Projects
Green Streets Policy
Calibrated Hydraulic Model (SWMM)
Floodplain Programming
Urban Forestry/Street Trees
Road Reconstruction Projects
Streambank Stabilization Projects
Detention Pond Upgrades
Next speaker – Brandy Siedlaczek, City of Southfield
Questions and Answers
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Southfield, MI
Brandy Siedlaczek, CSM
Storm Water Manager
Moving Climate Adaptation Strategies Forward in Michigan Using Green Infrastructure
APWA International Public Works Congress & Exposition
September 2nd, 2015
Southfield Community Background
An urbanized 1st tier community bordering Detroit
26 square miles
Population of 78,000
Daytime population of 175,000
96% developed land
Urbanization S.E. MichiganUrbanization S.E. Michigan1965-2010
1950’s-1980’s the city experienced rapid growth and development – both commercial, office & residential
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Storm Water Management
• First storm water master plan 1969• Flood control & managing
peak flow • Updated storm water master
plan• Incorporate sustainable design
into storm water projects• Plan with nature• Use storm water as a resource• Low impact development
techniques
Adapting to Climate Change
More frequent weather events
August 11th 2015 Flood - 6” rain in 4period, caused $2 billion in damage in the Midwest
Extreme cold weather, in recent years
Causes issues with existing infrastructure
Capital Planning with Climate Adaptation and Green Infrastructure
No dedicated funding source for storm water projects Funding from Parks and
Recreation, General Fund, water fund.
Over five million dollars in grant funds received for green infrastructure projects.
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Incorporating Green Infrastructure in City Projects where Feasible
Case StudiesWhere do projects make sense?
• Park Development Projects
• Road Projects
• Redevelopment projects
Park Development – Parking lotsParking lot reconstruction
Civic Center
•Permeable paver parking area with stone infiltration below•Porous asphalt with stone infiltration basin•Bioswale / rain gardens
Inglenook Park
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Park Development – Parking lotsBeech Woods Greening
Rouge Green Corridor Valley Wood Nature Preserve
•128 acre nature preserve along the main branch of the Rouge River for 2 miles.•Bisected by major highways and intense development
Rouge Green Corridor
New steps to access river walk and tiered structure to retain stormwater
Valley Woods Storm Water & Trailhead
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Rouge Green Corridor
• Land Acquisition
• Stream bank project
• Invasive species removal
Berberian Woods
Rouge Green Corridor Valley Woods Wetlands Restoration Project
Aquatic habitat in the river at this location is some of the best within the corridor.
Undisturbed riparian forest Wildlife include fox, deer, mink, coyote and small
mammals Birds include belted kingfisher One of largest floodplain wetlands in the corridor. Old ditches drained the wetlands, increasing flood
flows to the river and impairing function of the wetland to filter out sediments and pollutants before they enter the river
Monoculture of invasive species of phragmites and reed canary grass diminish function of wetlands.
Manage invasive phragmites and reed canary grass
Restore capacity of wetlands to store and detain storm water by filling existing ditches.
Allow spring flood waters to submerge the wetlands to discourage re-establishment of the invasive plants and reduce downstream flashiness and erosion.
Valley Woods Wetlands Restoration Project
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Mixing Bowl – Green Infrastructure
-200 Acres-Phase 1 - Reducing Mowing-Improve Water quality-Partnerships-Expand project - future
Evergreen Road Improvement Project
Received grant to incorporate sustainable features
Rain Garden
Porous Pavers along ROW
Carpenter Lake Restoration Project
Acquired 42 acre park through a land exchange for excess military land through Federal Land for Parks Program.
Wooded property on a 5 acre impoundment of the Ravines Branch of the Rouge
Lake Restoration, Park Development
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Carpenter Lake Park Development
Sustainable Design
Native Landscaping
No irrigation
Parking Area
Permeable paver surface with stone infiltration below
Native planting Bioswale
Green Infrastructure on Private Projects
Rain Gardens
Grant to implement pilot program
Right of ways
City staff support
Continuation of program on a request basis
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Lessons Learned
Maintenance
City Council buy-in
Push to use early in planning
Funding
Why use GI in projects?
• Water - avoid cost of runoff & flooding• Energy - reduced energy use• Air quality - reduced NO2/SO2
emissions, remove pollutants • Climate change - reduced CO2
emissions, sequestration• Heat Island - reduced infrastructure,
increased shade• Community livability - home values,
aesthetics, health • Habitat - wetland services, wildlife • Public Education - natural processes,
personal impact • Reduced maintenance costs
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Mani Rajendran P. Eng.
Project Manager, Transportation Design – Region of Durham, ON
905-668-7711 x2179 - [email protected]
Jennifer E. Lawson, CSM
Water Quality Manager – City of Ann Arbor, MI
734.794.6430 - [email protected]
Brandy Siedlaczek, CSM
Storm Water Manager – City of Southfield, MI
248 796 4806 - [email protected]
