DIGITAL LITERACY

1.00 Computer Basics

1.01 Classify computer component.

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Primary sources of information and images: GCFLearnFree.org, Microsoft Digital Learning E-Learning Site, BBC GCSE Bitesize websiteClipartPublicDomainPictures.com

WHAT ARE THE PARTS AND FEATURES OF A

COMPUTER?

Essential Question:

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COMPUTER

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WHAT IS A COMPUTER? A computer is an electronic device that

manipulates information, or data. It can store, retrieve, process data, and

produce a result.

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LIST TYPES OF COMPUTERS

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TYPES OF COMPUTERS Desktop computer—

usually sits on a desk. They are easy to upgrade and expand or add new parts.

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Laptop computer—often called a notebook computer because of its size, is more portable than desktops.

TYPES OF COMPUTERS Server—the main computer on a

network that provides services to other computers on a network. It can look like a desktop computer or be much larger. For the Internet, webpages are stored on web servers.

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TYPES OF COMPUTERS Tablet computer:

uses touch-sensitive screen for typing and navigation. Ex) iPad

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Mobile phones: can do such things as browse the Internet and playing games. Often called smartphones.Source:

www.apple.com

TYPES OF COMPUTERS Game consoles: used for

playing video games, and some, such as the Nintendo Wii can browse the Web.

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TVs: many TVs include applications that let you access online content. Ex) watch streaming movies on Netflix.

Image source: www.nintendo.com

Image source: www.netflix.com

TYPES OF COMPUTERS Personal computers, such as desktop

and laptop computers, come in two main styles:

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MAC: Introduced in 1984 by Macintosh. First widely sold personal

computer with Graphical User Interface (GUI)

All made by Apple Inc. Almost always use the Mac OS X

operating system.

PC: Introduced by IBM in 1981. Most common personal computer. Typically includes the Microsoft

Windows operating system.

HARDWARE

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HARDWARE Hardware refers to all the physical

components of a computer. It includes all devices: InputoutputProcessingStorage

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INPUT DEVICES Input devices are used to get

information into a computer. How the user communicates with the computer.

Examples:KeyboardMouseMicrophone

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What are the following input devices?

webcam Barcode reader

Game controller/joystick

scanner Touch screen

OUTPUT DEVICES Output devices are used to get

information from the computer. How the computer communicates with the user.

Examples:MonitorPrinterspeakers

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What are the following output devices?

projectorheadphones

PROCESSING DEVICES Processing devices work on the

input data and generate the desired output.

The most important processing device is the Central processing Unit (CPU).

The CPU is the “brain” of the computer.

Processor speed is measured in megahertz (MHz), millions of instructions per second, and gigahertz (GHz), billions of instructions per second.Ex) Intel, AMD

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STORAGE DEVICES Storage devices allow you to store (save)

data for later use. Internal storage devices allow data to be

stored inside the computer.Hard drive (200GB to 1TB)

Allows for fastest access to data Two types of memory

Random Access Memory (RAM) is temporary storage.

Read Only Memory (ROM) is long term storage.

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STORAGE DEVICES External storage devices allow data to be

stored outside the computer.External hard disk (1TB or more)

Memory card (1GB to 32 GB) ex) SD card

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STORAGE DEVICESCompact Disk (CD) (up to

700 MB) Compact disk-Read Only

Memory (CD-ROM) is unchangeable.

Compact disk-Recordable (CD-R) can add information on multiple sessions, but can not change the information added.

Compact Disk Compact disk-Read and Write (CD-RW) can be changed.

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USB/Flash drive (512 MB to 32 GB)

Digital Video Disk (DVD) (up to 4.7GB)

STORAGE DEVICES Storage Capacity

1 Bit = smallest unit, either a “1” or a “0”8 bits = 1 Byte (B) 1024 bytes = 1 Kilobyte (KB)1024 kilobytes = 1 Megabyte (MB)1024 megabytes = 1 Gigabyte (GB)1024 gigabytes = 1 Terabyte (TB)

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bit

byte

kilobyte

megabyte

gigabyte

terabyte

WHAT IS THE CLOUD? The cloud is all of the things you can

access over the Internet.

When something is “in the cloud” it means it is stored on servers on the Internet instead of on your computer. If you have web-based email, all of the

emails in your inbox are stored on servers.

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WHAT IS THE CLOUD? Benefits of using the

cloud:Convenience and

reliability. How? Web applications (or web

apps, cloud apps), which run in the cloud and do not need to be installed on your computer.

Better collaboration. How? Less likely to lose your data

since it is stored on servers.

Risks:Someone may try to gain

access to your personal data.

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MOTHERBOARD

The motherboard is a large circuit board that connects input, output, and processing devices through pathways that allow data to pass through these various components.

It also contains chips that determine how, when, and where data can flow through the computer.

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