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Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Drilling of 3 Exploratory Drilling Wells in Existing NELP Block AA-ONN-2001/2, Kolasib & Mamit District, Mizoram
Chapter-1 Introduction
VIMTA Labs Limited, Hyderabad C1-1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) proposes to carryout
exploratory drilling in NELP Block AA-ONN-2001/2, Kolasib & Mamit District,
Mizoram. Out of the proposed 3 exploratory drilling wells, 2 exploratory drilling
wells falls in Kolasib district and 1 exploratory drilling wells in Mamit district,
Mizoram.
This chapter describes the purpose of the report, identification of project and
proponent, brief description of nature, size, location of the project and importance
to the region and country. The chapter also describes the scope of the study,
details of regulatory scoping carried out as per Terms of Reference (TOR) issued
by Ministry of Environment Forests (MoEF), New Delhi.
1.1 Purpose of the Report
As per Environmental Impact Assessment EIA Notification dated 14th September,
2006, exploration of oil & gas falls under category ‘A’ of project activity 1(b)
requires prior Environmental Clearance (EC) to be obtained from MoEF before the
commencement of ground activity.
The application for prior EC (Form-1 and Pre-feasibility Report) for the proposed
project has been submitted to MoEF&CC on 17th September 2014 and same was
reviewed by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Industry II) held during 29th -30th
October 2014 in New Delhi to prescribe Terms of Reference (TORs) for the
preparation of EIA/EMP report. TOR has been issued by MoEF vide letter reference
F.No.J-11011/305/2014-IA II (I) dated 6th January 2015. A copy of the ToR
letter, along with its compliance is enclosed as Annexure-I.
This EIA Report is prepared inline with the ToR issued by MoEF&CC and addresses
the anticipated environmental impacts of the proposed project and proposes the
mitigation measures for the same for obtaining Environmental Clearance (EC)
from MoEF&CC, New Delhi. The report covers the primary data collected during
15th January 2016 to 8th April 2016 representing partly winter and partly pre
monsoon season.
Based on the TOR conditions stipulated by MoEF&CC vide letter mentioned above,
draft EIA/EMP has been prepared for conducting Environmental Public Hearing
and submitting the final EIA report to MoEF&CC for obtaining Environmental
Clearance from MOEF&CC, New Delhi.
1.2 Identification of Project and Project Proponent
Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) is a Public Sector Undertaking
(PSU) of the Government of India, under the administrative control of the Ministry
of Petroleum and Natural Gas. It is India's largest oil and gas exploration and
production company. It produces around 70% of India's crude oil (equivalent to
around 25% of the country's total demand) and around 60% of its natural gas.
With a market capitalization of over INR 2 trillion, it is one of India's most
valuable publicly-traded companies.
ONGC has been ranked 357th in the Fortune Global 500 list of the world's biggest
corporations for the year 2012. It is also among the Top 250 Global Energy
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Drilling of 3 Exploratory Drilling Wells in Existing NELP Block AA-ONN-2001/2, Kolasib & Mamit District, Mizoram
Chapter-1 Introduction
VIMTA Labs Limited, Hyderabad C1-2
Company by PLATTS. ONGC was founded on 14 August 1956 by the Indian state,
which currently holds a 69.23% equity stake. It is involved in exploring
hydrocarbons in 26 sedimentary basins of India, and owns and operates over
11,000 kilometers of pipelines in the country. Its international subsidiary, ONGC
Videsh currently has projects in 15 countries.
1.3 Brief Description of the Project
1.3.1 Nature of the Project
As per the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated 14th
September, 2006, the proposed exploratory drilling project falls under ‘Category
A’ of Activity Type 1(b).
The proposed project intends to identify the presence of hydrocarbon prospects
through exploratory drilling and to delineate and quantify hydrocarbon pools in
discovered fields through exploratory drilling. The proposed project will basically
involve drilling of three exploratory wells in the block.
1.3.2 Size of the Project
ONGC has identified three well locations HOAC, HOAD and BRBAA are included in
present EIA study. It is proposed to drill three exploratory wells for the fulfillment
of Minimum Work Program (MWP) and also to evaluate potential of the entire
block.
1.3.3 Project Site Details
1.3.3.1 Location of the Block
The NELP block AA-ONN-2001/2 in the state of Mizoram measuring 5340 sq.km
was awarded to ONGC-IOC (80% and 20% PI) consortium with ONGC as
Operator. After fulfillment of MWP in Phase-I & -II, ONGC entered into phase-III
w.e.f. 08.04.2013 by relinquishing an area of 1345 sq.km as per PSC norms after
retaining an area of 2660 sq.km. In current exploratory Phase-III, the Operator
ONGC has to drill one well to fulfill MWP commitment. In addition to one MWP
well, ONGC proposes to drill additional exploratory wells to assess hydrocarbon
potentiality of the entire block.
Elevation of the block varies from 400 m to 2000 m. Index Map is shown in
Figure-1.1. The block coordinates are given in Table-1.1. Tentative well
coordinates are as given in Table-1.2.
TABLE-1.1
BLOCK COORDINATES
Sr. No ML Name Boundary Points Block Coordinates (WGS-84)
Latitude Longitude
1 NELP Block HOAC 240 12’ 14.24” 920 35’ 53.32”
2 HOAD 240 09’ 41.42” 920 36’ 13.31”
3 BRBAA 240 07’ 10.08” 920 31’ 06.77”
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Drilling of 3 Exploratory Drilling Wells in Existing NELP Block AA-ONN-2001/2, Kolasib & Mamit District, Mizoram
Chapter-1 Introduction
VIMTA Labs Limited, Hyderabad C1-3
TABLE-1.2
TENTATIVE WELL LOCATIONS
Sr.
No.
Proposed
Location
Latitude Longitude Nearest Village District
1 HOAC 240 12’ 14.24” 920 35’ 53.32” North of Medium Kolasib
2 HOAD 240 09’ 41.42” 920 36’ 13.31” South of Medium Kolasib
3 BRBAA 240 07’ 10.08” 920 31’ 06.77” South of Sauhliap
Mamit
The study area map showing the block location and exploratory drilling well
locations are shown in Figure-1.2. Google map showing block area with well
locations is given in Figure-1.3. The environmental setting of the block area
falling in NELP Block area is given in Table-1.3 to Table-1.5.
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Drilling of 3 Exploratory Drilling Wells in Existing NELP Block AA-ONN-2001/2, Kolasib & Mamit District, Mizoram
Chapter-1 Introduction
VIMTA Labs Limited, Hyderabad C1-4
FIGURE-1.1
INDEX MAP
HOAC Well Locations
HOAD Well Locations
BRBAA Well Locations
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Drilling of 3 Exploratory Drilling Wells in Existing NELP Block AA-ONN-2001/2, Kolasib & Mamit District, Mizoram
Chapter-1 Introduction
VIMTA Labs Limited, Hyderabad C1-5
FIGURE-1.2
TOPOGRAPHIC MAP NELP BLOCK IN KOLASIB & MAMIT DISTRICT
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Drilling of 3 Exploratory Drilling Wells in Existing NELP Block AA-ONN-2001/2, Kolasib & Mamit District, Mizoram
Chapter-1 Introduction
VIMTA Labs Limited, Hyderabad C1-6
FIGURE-1.3
GOOGLE MAP SHOWING WELL LOCATIONS IN NELP BLOCK
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Drilling of 3 Exploratory Drilling Wells in Existing NELP Block AA-ONN-2001/2, Kolasib & Mamit District, Mizoram
Chapter-1 Introduction
VIMTA Labs Limited, Hyderabad C1-7
TABLE-1.3
ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF WELL HOAC (1 KM RADIUS)
Sr. No. Particulars Details
1 Well HOAC Location
Village North Medium
District Kolasib
State Mizoram
2 Well site Coordinates Latitude- 24°12’ 14.24’’N
Longitude- 92°35’ 53.32’’E
3 Well Site Elevation above MSL 757 m aMSL
4 Geographical location in toposheet 83 D/12
5 Nearest representative IMD station Agartala (139 km, WSW)
6 India Meteorological Dept. (IMD), Data
Annual Mean Max Temp 33.0 oC
Annual Mean Min Temp 10.3 oC
Annual Average Rainfall 176.8 mm
Predominant wind direction
S and SE directions followed by SW direction
Study Period – Site specific
Mean Max Temp 30.7
Mean Min Temp 9.2
Average Rainfall 13.0
Predominant wind direction
S followed by SE. Next predominant are SW & N direction
7 Present land use at the site Forest Land
8 Nearest highway NH-154 (0.6 km, SE)
9 Nearest railway station Bairabi R.S (5.8, WSW)
10 Nearest airport Lengpui (Aizwal 39 km, S)
11 Nearest river Tlawng River (6.0 km, WSW)
12 Nearest town Kolasib (8.5 km, NE)
13 Nearest major town with 2,00,000 population
Impal (147 km, NE)
14 Villages within 1 km radius Pangbalkawn (1.0 km, NE)
15 Hills/valleys Nil
16 Nearest tourist place Nil
17 Archaeologically important places Nil
18 Protected areas as per Wildlife Protection Act,1972 (Tiger reserve,
Elephant reserve, Biospheres, National parks, Wildlife sanctuaries, community reserves and conservation reserves)
Nil
19 Reserved / Protected Forests Within Inner line forest reserve
20 Seismicity Zone-V as per IS 1983 (Part-1) 2002
Note : All distances mentioned above are aerial
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Drilling of 3 Exploratory Drilling Wells in Existing NELP Block AA-ONN-2001/2, Kolasib & Mamit District, Mizoram
Chapter-1 Introduction
VIMTA Labs Limited, Hyderabad C1-8
TABLE-1.4
ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF WELL HOAD (1 KM RADIUS)
Sr. No. Particulars Details
1 Well HOAD Location
Village South medium
District Kolasib
State Mizoram
2
Well site Coordinates Latitude – 24o09’41.42’’N
longitude – 92o36’13.31’’E 3 Well Site Elevation above MSL 400 m aMSl
4 Geographical location in toposheet
83 D/12
5 Nearest representative IMD station
Agartala (139 km, WSW)
6 India Meteorological Dept. (IMD), Data
Annual Mean Max Temp 33.0 oC
Annual Mean Min Temp 10.3 oC
Annual Average Rainfall 176.8 mm
Predominant wind direction
S and SE directions followed by SW direction
Study Period - Site specific
Mean Max Temp 30.7
Mean Min Temp 9.2
Average Rainfall 13.0
Predominant wind direction
S followed by SE. Next predominant are SW & N direction
7 Present land use at the site Forest Land
8 Nearest highway NH-154 (2.7 km, NW)
9 Nearest railway station Bairabi R.S (7.3 km, NW)
10 Nearest airport Lengpuri(Aizwal 34 km, S)
11 Nearest rivers Tuwng River (6.3 km, WSW)
12 Nearest town Kolasib (10.8 km, NNE)
13 Nearest major town with 2,00,000 population
Impal (149 km, NE)
14 Villages within 1 km radius Nil
15 Hills/valleys Nil 16 Nearest tourist place Nil 17 Archaeologically important places Nil 18 Protected areas as per Wildlife
Protection Act,1972 (Tiger reserve, Elephant reserve,
Biospheres, National parks, Wildlife sanctuaries, community reserves and conservation reserves)
Nil
19 Reserved / Protected Forests Within Inner line forest reserve
20 Seismicity Zone-V as per IS 1983 (Part-1) 2002
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Drilling of 3 Exploratory Drilling Wells in Existing NELP Block AA-ONN-2001/2, Kolasib & Mamit District, Mizoram
Chapter-1 Introduction
VIMTA Labs Limited, Hyderabad C1-9
TABLE-1.5
ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF WELL BRBAA (1 KM RADIUS)
Sr. No. Particulars Details
1 Well BRBAA Location
District Mamit
State Mizoram
2 Well site Coordinates Latitude – 24°07’ 10.08’’N Longitude – 92°31’ 06.77’’E
3 Well Site Elevation above MSL 2000 m aMSL
4 Geographical location in toposheet 83 D/8
5 Nearest representative IMD station Agartala-130 km-WSW
6 India Meteorological Dept. (IMD),
Data
Annual Mean Max Temp 33.0 oC
Annual Mean Min Temp 10.3 oC
Annual Average Rainfall 176.8 mm
Predominant wind direction
S and SE directions followed by SW direction
Study Period – Site specific
Mean Max Temp 30.7
Mean Min Temp 9.2
Average Rainfall 13.0
Predominant wind direction
S followed by SE. Next
predominant are SW & N direction
7 Present land use at the site Forest Land
8 Nearest highway NH-154 (6.9 km, NNE)
9 Nearest railway station Bairabi R.S (8.7 km, NNE)
10 Nearest airport Lengpuri(Aizwal 31 km, SSE)
11 Nearest river Tuwng River (2 km, NE)
12 Nearest town Mamit (21 km, SSW)
13 Nearest major town with 2,00,000
population
Impal (159 km, NE)
14 Villages within 1 km radius Nil
15 Hills/valleys Nil 16 Nearest tourist place Nil 17 Archaeologically important places Nil 18 Protected areas as per Wildlife
Protection Act,1972 (Tiger reserve, Elephant reserve, Biospheres, National parks, Wildlife sanctuaries, community reserves and conservation reserves)
Nil
19 Reserved / Protected Forests Inner line forest reserve
20 Seismicity Zone-V as per IS 1983 (Part-1) 2002
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Drilling of 3 Exploratory Drilling Wells in Existing NELP Block AA-ONN-2001/2, Kolasib & Mamit District, Mizoram
Chapter-1 Introduction
VIMTA Labs Limited, Hyderabad C1-10
1.3.4 Importance of the Project
Total crude oil import for FY 2014-15 was 189.43 MMT almost same as the
imports during FY 2013-14 (189.24 MMT; increase of 0.1%). However, import of
petroleum products (20.28 MMT) increased by 21 percent, mainly on account of
increase in import of LPG (26%), MS (58%), HSD (35%), Bitumen (80%), and
other products like - Aviation gas, Pet Coke (33%), etc.
Petroleum products export declined for the first time in last 15 years; registering
a decline of 6.2 percent mainly on account of decline in export of Naphtha, Fuel
oil, Bitumen, etc.
With total import (crude and petroleum products) combined with total products
export of 63.66 MMT translates to net import volume of 146 MMT for FY 2014-15.
Net import bill for crude oil during FY 2014-15 was 6,873.50 billion (US$ 112.75
billion) against 8,648.75 billion (US$ 142.96 billion) during FY 2013-14 – a
decrease of 20.5 per cent in terms of the Indian Rupee and decrease of 21.13 per
cent in dollar value mainly on account of lower crude oil prices in the international
market.
Energy security has become one of the top three goals of the Indian Government.
The Indian Government is encouraging exploration and production of oil and gas
to a great extent. This would primarily allow India to tap its own resources there
by reducing its import bill.
Discovery of viable hydrocarbon reserves in the state can boost the state’s
economic development to a great extent. It would also catalyse influx of
industries in the state. The proposed exploration project is thus of immense
significance for the country.
ONGC is engaged in the exploration of oil & gas in the NELP Block. Discovery of
hydrocarbons in this block will substantially improve the socio-economic
conditions of the region. The proposed exploration will also help to discover the
geological past to create the economic future for the region as well as to the
country.
1.4 Scope of the Study
With a view to assess the environmental impacts arising due to the proposed
exploratory drilling in NELP block, ONGC has retained the services of M/s Vimta
Labs Limited, Hyderabad to prepare EIA Report for various environmental
components including air, noise, water, land and biological components along
with parameters of human interest which may be affected and to prepare an
Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for mitigating adverse impacts.
Environmental baseline monitoring has been carried out during 15th January 2016
to 8th April 2016 representing partly winter and pre monsoon season and used to
identify potential significant impacts. The scope of the present study is inline with
the TOR as recommended by MoEF&CC. The scope of study broadly includes:
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Drilling of 3 Exploratory Drilling Wells in Existing NELP Block AA-ONN-2001/2, Kolasib & Mamit District, Mizoram
Chapter-1 Introduction
VIMTA Labs Limited, Hyderabad C1-11
To conduct literature review and to collect data relevant to the study area;
To undertake environmental monitoring so as to establish the baseline
environmental status of the study area;
To identify various existing pollution activities in the ambient levels;
Establishing the relevant features of the proposed exploratory drilling that are
likely to have an impact on the environment;
Predicting the impacts on the environment due to exploratory drilling;
To evaluate the predicted impacts on the various environmental attributes in
the study area by using scientifically developed and widely accepted
environmental impact assessment methodologies;
To prepare a Disaster Management Plan (DMP) based on Risk Assessment,
studies;
To prepare an Environment Management Plan (EMP) outlining the measures
for improving the environmental quality and scope for future drilling activities
and Occupational Health and Safety for environmentally sustainable
development; and
To identify critical environmental attributes required to be monitored.
The literature review includes identification of relevant articles from various
publications, collection of data from various Government agencies and other
sources.
1.4.1 Administrative and Legislative Background
The principal Environmental Regulatory Agency in India is the Ministry of
Environment and Forests (MoEF&CC), New Delhi. MoEF formulates environmental
policies and accords environmental clearance for the projects.
The applicable environmental standards for the project are given in Annexure-
II.
1.4.2 Study Area for EIA
The study area for the EIA is the entire NELP block. The total block area is
considered as the study area.
1.4.3 Methodology of the Study
Vimta Labs Limited, Hyderabad along with ONGC officials had conducted a
reconnaissance survey and sampling locations were identified on the basis of:
Collection, collation and analysis of baseline data for various environmental
attributes viz Ambient air quality, Water quality, Soil, Noise and Bio diversity etc.
Predominant wind directions in the study area as recorded by India
Meteorological Department (IMD);
Existing topography, location of surface water bodies like ponds, canals and
rivers;
Location of villages/towns/sensitive areas;
Accessibility, power availability and security of monitoring equipment, pollution
pockets in the area;
Areas which represent baseline conditions; and
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Drilling of 3 Exploratory Drilling Wells in Existing NELP Block AA-ONN-2001/2, Kolasib & Mamit District, Mizoram
Chapter-1 Introduction
VIMTA Labs Limited, Hyderabad C1-12
Field studies have been conducted for a period of three months (15th January
2016 to 8th April 2016 representing partly winter and pre monsoon season to
determine existing conditions of various environmental attributes as outlined in
Table-1.6.
TABLE-1.6
ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES AND FREQUENCY OF MONITORING
Sr. No
Environmental
Component
Sampling Locations
Sampling Parameters
Total Sampling
Period
Sampling Frequency
1 Meteorology One central location
Temperature, Wind Speed, Wind Direction, Relative Humidity, Cloud Cover, Rainfall
one non monsoon season (Three months)
Continuous hourly recording
2 Ambient Air Quality
10 Locations PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, VOC, THC CH4-HC, non CH4-HC, and CO
Two consecutive days per week for one non -monsoon season
24 hourly samples
3 Water Quality 4 Locations of surface water & 6 locations of Ground water
As per IS: 10500 Grab sampling Once during study period
4 Noise Monitoring
10 Locations Sound Pressure Levels
Continuously for 24 hours
Once during study period
5 Soil Analysis 10 Locations in Existing ecological resources within study area
Soil profile, Chemical constituents
Composite sample
Once during study period
6 Ecology 5 Terrestrial Ecological Locations & 3 Aquatic location within Existing ecological resources within study area
Flora and fauna Field observations and secondary sources
Once in study period
7 Demography and Socio-economic aspects
Total block area Demographic profile
Based on District Census Handbook (2011)
8 Land Use Total block area Trend of land use change for different categories
Based on District Census Handbook (2001) and satellite images
9 Geology - Geological history
Data collected from primary sources
10 Hydrology - Drainage area and pattern, nature of streams, aquifer characteristics, recharge and discharge rates.
Based on data collected from secondary sources
Apart from the primary data on the existing baseline quality status of various
environmental components, a summary of physical, natural, social and cultural
environment has also been provided incorporating secondary data collected from
various sources. The methodology of monitoring and analysis is given in
Annexure-III.