Accuracy - How close a measurement is to the true value
Precision - How close a set of measurements are to one
another.
Slide 4
1. Accurate 2. Precise 3. Both 4. Neither
Slide 5
1. Accurate 2. Precise 3. Both 4. Neither
Slide 6
1. Accurate 2. Precise 3. Both 4. Neither
Slide 7
Slide 8
Write each power of ten in standard notation. 10 3 a)30 b)100
c)1000
Slide 9
Write each power of ten in standard notation. 10 6 a)60
b)1000000 c)10000
Slide 10
Write each power of ten in standard notation. 10 -2 a).01 b)-20
c)100
Slide 11
Write each power of ten in standard notation. 10 -4 a)-.0004
b).0004 c)10000
Slide 12
Setting the Stage There are 325,000 grains of sand in a tub.
Write that number in scientific notation.
Slide 13
What is the exponent to the 10 for 325,000 grains of sand? 1.3
2.4 3.5 4.6 5.-6 6.-5 7.-4
Slide 14
Definition Scientific notation- is a compact way of writing
numbers with absolute values that are very large or very small.
Glencoe McGraw-Hill. Math connects cours 3. pages 130-131
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all numbers are expressed as whole numbers between 1 and 9
multiplied by a whole number power of 10. If the absolute value of
the original number was between 0 and 1, the exponent is negative.
Otherwise, the exponent is positive. Ex. 125 = 1.25 x 10 2
0.00004567 = 4.567 x 10 -5
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1. -6 2. 6 3. -5 4. 5 5. 4 6. -4
Slide 17
1. -6 2. 6 3. -5 4. 5 5. 4 6. -4
Slide 18
What is 2.85 x 10 4 written in standard form A..000285 B.285
C.28500 D.2850
Slide 19
What is 3.085 x 10 7 written in standard form A..0000003085
B.30,850,000 C.3085 D.308,500,000
Slide 20
What is 1.55 x 10 -3 written in standard form A..00155 B.155
C.1550 D..000155
Slide 21
What is 2.7005 x 10 -2 written in standard form A.270.05
B.27005 C..27005 D..027005
Slide 22
Write the following numbers in scientific notation: A) 5,000E)
0.0145 B) 34,000F) 0.000238 C) 1,230,000G) 0.0000651 D)
5,050,000,000H) 0.000000673
Slide 23
Closure / Summary Explain why 32.8 x 10 4 is not correctly
written in scientific notation. What does a negative exponent tell
you about writing the number in standard form.
Slide 24
Significant Figures are used to show the accuracy and precision
of the instruments used to take the measurement.
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0 1 0 0 1 1.5
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0 1 1. 0.55 2. 0.7 3. 0.6 4. 0.8
Slide 27
0 1 1. 0.55 2. 0.70 3. 0.67 4. 0.65
Slide 28
To show how precise the instrument is: Read the measurement to
one decimal place what the instrument is marked
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1. 4.85 2. 7.2 3. 4.3 4. 4.35
Slide 30
1. 17.0 2. 16.8 3. 15.18 4. 15.2
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Non-zero digits are always significant 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 are
always significant Rules for Zeros: a) Leading Zeros never count as
significant 0.00004560.0032 b) Captive zeros (zeros between
non-zero digits) are always significant 10,0340.005008 c) Trailing
Zeros are significant ONLY IF there is a decimal in the number.
234,000234,000.00.045600
Slide 32
If we want to write the number 700 with 3 significant digits we
can do so using the following two methods: 700. OR 7.0010 2
Slide 33
How many significant digits do the following numbers have? A)
20F) 7.00K) 65,060 B) 22.0G) 87,001L) 0.9090 C) 20.1H) 0.00018M)
18.01 D) 56,000I) 0.0109N) 4.3010 4 E) 75,000.J) 570O) 0.0001
You and a partner will practice your significant digits. Your
job is to come up with a number containing both zeroes and non-zero
digits. You will trade boards back and forth on my mark. The
partner that gets the correct number of significant digits will get
the point. The partner with the most points will win the round. We
will do best of 9.
Slide 45
Count (from left to right) how many significant figures you
need. Look at the next number to see if you need to round your last
sig. fig. up or down. Round the following to 3 sig. figs 1. 1,344
2. 0.00056784 3. 24,500 4. 12,345 5. 2.45678 x 10 -3
Slide 46
Slide 47
We have two ways of categorizing sig. fig. calculations: A)
Addition and Subtraction B) Multiplication, Division, other
math
Slide 48
When we add and subtract we are only worried about the number
of decimal places involved in the numbers present. We do not care
about the number of actual significant digits. We will always pick
the number that has the least decimal places.
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A) 14.0 + 2.45 B) 12 + 7.2 C) 0.00123 + 1.005 D) 100 5.8 E) 2.5
1.25 F) 43.786 32.11
Slide 50
If we are multiplying, dividing, using exponents, trigonometry,
calculus, etc we must use the least number of significant digits of
the numbers in the set. For example...
Density the amount of matter present in a given volume of a
substance, the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume. D =
mass Volume
Slide 53
Slide 54
Celsius Scale based on the freezing point (0 o C) and boiling
point (100 o C) of water. Kelvin Scale based on absolute zero (the
temperature at which all motion ceases). 1 degree Kelvin is equal
to 1 degree Celsius. Fahrenheit Scale used in US and Great Britain.
Degrees are smaller than a Celsius or Kelvin degree.
Slide 55
Slide 56
Kelvin/Celsius K = o C + 273 Fahrenheit/Celsius o F = 1.80( o
C) + 32
Slide 57
Exact Numbers are counting numbers or defined numbers (such as
2.45 cm = 1 in) - never limit the number of significant figures in
a calculation.