1) Who replaced Truman as US President?

Dwight D. Eisenhower

2) What was his opinion of US strategy in the Cold War?

He doubted “...how much we should poke at the animal through the bars of the

cage”.

3) Who emerged from the “Collective Leadership” in the USSR as their next leader?

Nikita Khrushchev

4) What was Beria’s idea in 1953, and what did it lead to? (2)

Beria (Head of Soviet Secret Police, one of the “collective leaders” of USSR)

suggested selling the GDR to west Germany for $10 billion.

Although his idea was rejected, it did lead to USSR instructing Ulbricht (leader of

East Germany) to pursue a more conciliatory approach.

5) What were the demands of the East German revolt?

Increased pay, more political freedom and the re-establishment of the SPD.

6) What two things did the East German government do to restore order? (2)

Appealed to Soviets to intervene with military force

Removed production targets in factories

7) What were the consequences of the uprising? (3)

• Adenauer re-elected in West Germany• Beria arrested and executed• Caused Soviets to realise that a united

Germany was impossible- focused on consolidating the FDR instead.

8) What did Dr. Rainer Hildenbrant think of the US’ actions? (Don’t need to quote exactly!)

“The West failed in producing solidarity or the effective support of the

suppressed. June 17th was the first real test of the conception and

determinedness of western policy. The west did not pass this test.”

9) How did the USSR react to the FRG joining NATO?

Signed the Warsaw Pact with Eastern European States- agreeing to consult on

issues of mutual interest and give all necessary assistance in the event of an

attack.

10) What were the key developments of 1955?

Geneva Conference- no real agreements, but an atmosphere of friendship establishedKhrushchev acknowledged GDR as an

independent stateAdenauer announced the Hallstein Doctrine-

any recognition of GDR would lead to an immediate break in diplomatic relations.

11) How do traditionalist historians view this period?

USSR policies drove developments- US responded to Soviet threats

12) How do revisionist historians view this period?

East German riots prevented a settlement

13) What is John Gaddis’ opinion?

Stalin, and Khrushchev both wanted to keep a firm grip on a socialist East Germany, but

Beria was genuine in his suggestion at selling the GDR.