1 UNIT 2. 2 Task I Label each book with its appropriate category. GETTING READY biography romancehorrorfantasy

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UNIT 2

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Task ILabel each book with its appropriate category.

GETTING READY

biography romance horror fantasy

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Task IListen and infer which of the above books each speaker would most likely read. Write down the titles.

GETTING READY

Mariah Jason Lisa

One Sweet Love Searching for Answers

The Ghost

Masters of Magic

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Audio Transcripts:

Speaker 1: Mariah

I found some books at bargain prices online today. Although I don’t consider

myself a lover of non-fiction books, I discovered one about diving that’s filled with

stunning pictures. I also bought a novel that depicts the story of a soldier who

leaves his wife behind during World War II but never forgets her. According to

the reviews, it’s very touching. Since I think comics are perfect for light reading, I

ordered a few of those too. I enjoy browsing the comic section of the weekend

newspaper.

GETTING READY

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Audio Transcripts:

Speaker 2: Jason

I read a wide variety of books. My brother says I’m a real bookworm. Mystery

novels about ingenious crimes being committed are entertaining. I’m also

obsessed with reading up on scientists’ personal lives, as I dream of becoming a

medical researcher some day. But most of all, I’m addicted to stories that terrify

me. I love how horror stories get my heart racing and give me a thrill!

GETTING READY

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Audio Transcripts:

Speaker 3: Lisa

My friends think I am boring because my only recreation is hanging out at the

library. In my opinion, there is nothing better than an afternoon spent getting

absorbed in a fantasy novel where I can imagine myself fighting dragons.

Escaping into the world of books is a great way to relax and forget your

troubles temporarily. I am in the mood to read about spaceships and aliens, so

now I’m heading over to the science fiction section.

GETTING READY

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1. A horror novel tells a terrifying / touching story about ghosts or killers.

2. The article was criticized because it depicted Asian people negatively. Many of its descriptions / arguments were offensive.

3. A biography is fiction / non-fiction. It includes imaginary / actualevents that occur in one’s life.

4. The more ingenious a story is, the better it sells. People love plots that are creative / predictable.

5. Reading for recreation is a great leisure / labor activity that can actually increase one’s intelligence.

6. To further immerse herself in studying the early 19th century, Cheryl barely / earnestly read novels set during that time period.

Task IICircle the answers.

GETTING READY

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VOCABULARY DRILL

A. Listen Up Listen and decide which pie chart best represents each speaker. Write down their names.

Cynthia Martin

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VOCABULARY DRILL

Audio Transcripts:

Cynthia: Hey, Martin. What do you think of the books that I’ve chosen to order for the library?

Martin: I scanned your list, and I feel that we might need something other than just reference books and medical papers. How about adding some items for recreational or extracurricular reading?

Cynthia: Like what? Fashion and gossip magazines? Students are here to get an education and broaden their knowledge. These young minds are already polluted enough with all the junk they read on the Internet.

Martin: Come on, Cynthia. They are people, not learning machines. Every once in a while, checking out materials like National Geographic, Health and Fitness, or even Cosmopolitan is a great means of escape from the

stress of academics.

Cynthia: I understand that it is important to read for leisure sometimes in order to relax. And you’re right that there are some informative and thought-

provoking periodicals out there that are worth flipping through. So let’s each put a list together and see if we can come up with a good compromise.

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1. I enjoyed the movie about Henry Ford. I am going to____________ (read extensively about) him.

2. Did you ____________ (take a look at) the new short storycollection? It’s received rave reviews.

3. Sometimes I ____________ (read casually) the tabloids whilewaiting in a long checkout line.

4. Before taking a test, I ____________ (quickly run one’s eyes over)my notes one last time.

VOCABULARY DRILL

B. Word Focus: Different Ways of ReadingFill in the blanks with the choices provided. One question has two possible answers.

read up on

check out

browse / flip through

scan

browse read up on scan check out flip through

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VOCABULARY DRILL

C. Speak Out Loud Discuss the following quotes and use the suggested vocabulary to write their meanings.

If you thoroughly read a good book, you will be more likely to be touched or inspired by something.

Books are so valuable. They can be informative and thought-provoking, and they also serve as recreations or diversions from the stress of everyday life.

Reading books can significantly enrich your spiritual life and keep you mentally sharp as well.

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CONVERSATION CORNER—REVIEW

A. Understand from the ContextChoose the meaning of the sentence.

1. It beats me.

a. This is really causing me a lot ofdiscomfort.

b. I am confused about the teacher’sexpectations.

2. You’ve really been swamped lately.

a. You seem to be incredibly busy these days.

b. Your schedule is quite flexible.

3. I was just messing around.

a. I wasn’t suggesting that you cheatwhen I made that remark.

b. What I said about cheating wasactually a joke.

4. If you put your mind to it, I’m sure you’ll pass with flying colors.

a. You will get a good grade if you exert more effort.

b. If you concentrate on your report, you will be more inventive.

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B. Words with Different MeaningsMatch the word in bold with its definition.

1. I missed my appointment with the interviewer by one hour. ______

His appointment to General Manager came as a total surprise to everyone. ______

Definition: a. n. an arrangement for a meeting

b. n. the act of placing someone in a job

b

a

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2. Children from deprived backgrounds are more likely to be tempted to abuse drugs. ______

Erica was deprived of a good night’s sleep last week because she had loads of work. ______

Definition: a. v. to prevent someone from having something

b. adj. not having the things that are necessary

b

a

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3. An antique oil lamp was suspended from the ceiling. ______

Two government officials have been suspended for taking bribes from the contractors. ______

Definition: a. v. to make someone leave school or work for a short time

b. v. to hang something from a high place

b

a

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1. T □ F □ U □ Both of the students are working under intense pressure to meet the deadline for the upcoming book report.

2. T □ F □ U □ Tony is somewhat indifferent towards things related to surfing.

3. T □ F □ U □ Phil points out how serious the consequences of cheating are.

4. T □ F □ U □ Phil constantly gives Tony suggestions on how he can achieve higher grades.

5. T □ F □ U □ Tony initially expected that the assignment would require little effort.

6. T □ F □ U □ Tony regularly tries to engage in his studies.


C. True, False, or UnknownSelect if the statements are true, false, or unknown.

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Fill in the appropriate expressions. Some blanks may have more than onepossible answer.

1. A: It’s vital to measure out all of the ingredients in the precise amounts.

B: ___________________. I’ll follow the recipe exactly so the cake will be perfect.

2. A: Mike’s rent is one month overdue. Is he having financial problems?

B: ___________________. He never discloses personal matters to anyone.

EXPRESSION PLAZA

I get the picture / I hear you loud and clear / I’ve got it

It beats me / You’ve got me

Understanding Something Not Understanding Something

• get the picture

• hear (someone) loud and clear

• have got it

• (it) beats me

• you’ve got me

• be at a loss

A. Showing Understanding

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EXPRESSION PLAZA

Asking for Opinions Brainstorming

• pick (one’s) brain

• get (one’s) input / view on (something)

• bounce (something) off (someone)

• put our heads together

• rack (one’s) brain

• kick around some ideas

B. Exchanging Ideas

Act out the situations with a partner using the expressions above.

Example:

A: Can I get your input on this assignment? I think it’s going to be a tough one.

B: I am sure if we put our heads together, we will think up something spectacular.

1. You’ve been assigned a chemistry project.

2. Your friend is writing an article aboutfamine in China.

3. You’re getting ready for a presentation on global warming.

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Create dialogues with a partner using the expressions and the words provided.

EXPRESSION PLAZA

Experiencing Problems Succeeding Easily

• be stuck

• hit a dead end

• be in over (one’s) head

• (something) be as easy as pie

• pass with flying colors

• breeze through (something)

C. Getting Things Done

entrance exam, driver’s license test, speech competitionStudent A

incapable, unprepared, overwhelmed, nervous, sleep deprivedStudent B

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EXPRESSION PRACTICE

A. Fill Out the Chart Listen and decide if Olivia knows about the things listed. Write the suggestions she gives.

Ideas Does she know? Suggestions

1.What a Phillips-head screwdriver is

2.How to begin the assembly process

3.How to move the heavy bars

4.Who could complete the assembly

Doesn’t KnowJoan should look in the toolbox.

Doesn’t KnowThe best way is to check the manual.

They should lean them against a table for support.

Knows

KnowsJoan can call their friend Rick. He is good with machinery.

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Audio Transcripts:

Joan: Oh, Olivia. I purchased this exercise bike, and it was delivered unassembled. It’s annoying that I have to put it together.

Olivia: Relax, Joan. It’ll be easier than you think.

Joan: That’s doubtful. What is a Phillips-head screwdriver?

Olivia: You’ve got me. Maybe one is labeled in your toolbox.

Joan: You’re right. I didn’t even notice the handles had words on them.

Olivia: I hear you loud and clear. Being handy is hard.

Joan: How should I get started?

Olivia: It beats me. What do the instructions say?

Joan: These two bars are supposed to fit together, but I’ve got no clue how.

Olivia: I get the picture. They connect like this, but wow—they weigh a ton!

Joan: How are we going to move them?

Olivia: I’ve got it! Lean them against that table.

Joan: OK. Now we need eight screws, but I don’t know which ones to use!

Olivia: I guess we’ll have to try all of them.

Joan: We definitely require a professional’s assistance, but I’m at a loss as to who I should call.

Olivia: What about Rick? He’s a qualified mechanic.

Joan: Perfect!

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

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EXPRESSION PRACTICE

B. Complete the Note Finish Helen’s discussion notes with words or expressions from the audio.

controversial

kick around

bounced this off

predictable

get my view

picked Kenny’s brain

depressing

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EXPRESSION PRACTICE

Audio Transcripts:

Kenny: Do you know what kind of survey you’ll do for our psychology class?

Helen: I want to use religion as a topic.

Kenny: That’s too controversial.

Helen: Ugh. I spent all night thinking up that one. What are you planning to do?

Kenny: Can I get your view on the topic of romantic relationships?

Helen: It seems too boring. We should put our heads together and come up with subjects that aren’t so predictable. Let’s kick around a few other ideas.

Kenny: OK. I’ll bounce something else off you. What about how the media affects teenagers?

Helen: Super! You’ll be able to think of many interesting questions.

Kenny: Now we just need to find something for you.

Helen: The effects of a poor health care system on society might work.

Kenny: That’s so depressing. People won’t want to participate. Discussing changing gender roles in the workplace would be more fun.

Helen: Oh, that’s a fascinating topic. Maybe we’ll do well on this project after all.Thanks for letting me pick your brain.

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EXPRESSION PRACTICE

C. Finish the Performance ReviewComplete the sentences based on the audio. Use the expressions you’ve learned.

Item Speaker Other Students

1. Red-belt Test Last year, he

2. Kicks He is stuck on the kicking techniques.

It seems like kicking is

3. Routine Most of it is finished, but now

4. Black-belt Test He doesn’t feel ready, so he’s afraid

During training, it looks like

passed the test with flying colors.

he has hit a dead end.

that he might be in over his head.

as easy as pie for them.

they will breeze through the test.

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EXPRESSION PRACTICE

Audio Transcripts:

Next week, I am testing for my black belt in taekwondo. I thought I was going

to breeze right through it like I did during the red belt test last year. I’ve

discovered, however, that passing is no easy task. I’m worried that I might be in

over my head. Other students are also training for the test, but they don’t seem

stuck on the kicks that cause me frustration. Earlier this month, my brother took

the same black-belt test and said it was as easy as pie! I’ve tried his practice

methods, but they don’t work for me. My master assured me that if I trained hard,

I would pass the test with flying colors. So now I’m trying to create a 15-minute

routine to demonstrate my skills. I’ve put together about ten minutes’ worth, but

I’ve hit a dead end. I don’t know what I’m going to do.

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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT

A. Structure

CausativeCausative verbs are used to show that a person or thing makes something else happen. These verbs can be used in any tense.

Active Causative

have + someone / something + V.

• We’ll have the doctor prescribe you some medicine.

get + someone / something + to V.

• Can you get the accountant to tackle this problem?

make + someone / something + V.

• The teacher will make you stay after class if you don’t hand in your paper promptly.

let + someone / something + V.

• The manager will let you take annual leave after the first year of employment.

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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT

A. Structure


Passive Causative

have + someone / something + past participle

• I need to have my head examined.

get + someone / something + past participle

• Cheating on the test will get you suspended.

Usage Note

Other causative verbs include allow, convince, employ, encourage, permit, and require. These verbs are followed by to V.

Example:• The professor encouraged his students to apply for the scholarship.

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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT

B. Usage of Passive Causative

To emphasize the object of the action • Ted was able to get his apartment furnished for free.

To plan to do the action by oneself • I’ll get my thesis written by the end of the month.

To speak about events beyond one’scontrol

• After failing three tests in a row, Bobby had his allowance reduced by his parents.


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GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT

C. Differences Between Have and Get

Use Have or Get

In imperatives • Have the supplies delivered to the company’s address.

• Get this layout finished before the presentation.

Often Use Get

For successfully persuading someone to do something

• Sheila got her roommate to edit her proposal before she submitted it.

Often Use Have

For paying someone to have something done

• Mr. Sullivan had the barber trim his mustache.


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1. He has cigarette stains on his teeth. He should _____________________.

2. Everyone should dress up as a glamorous star for the party. I want to _____________________ (my hair) like Audrey Hepburn’s in Roman Holiday.

3. You have so many suitcases! I’ll _____________________ (my assistant) you off at the airport.

4. Marcel has a good command of French. I’ll _____________________ this document for you.

5. The new law _____________________ (people) their seat belts in both the front and back seats.

GRAMMAR WORKOUT

A. Complete the SentencesFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the choices provided. One word can be used twice.

have them whitened

Other Verbs whiten style drop buckle translate

Causative Verbs get have require make

get / have my hair styled

make my assistant drop

get him to translate

requires people to buckle

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Marie,

We’re 1. ___________ our vacation home ___________. I must go there to

ensure the contractor 2. ___________ the job ___________ as we requested.

Please 3. ___________ all the chores ___________ up by the time I get back.

You can 4. ___________ your sister ___________ you if you like.

• The lawn needs mowing. You should 5. ___________ this ___________ of

straight away.

• 6. ___________ the pool ___________ and cleaned.

• I want the front door mat 7. ___________.

I promise to 8. ___________ you ___________ next weekend off. Thanks a lot!

Mrs. Heatley

GRAMMAR WORKOUT

B. Fill Out the MemoFinish the memo with words from the audio. Use the causative structure.

having painted

gets done

have wrapped

have assist

have taken care

Get drained

vacuumed

allow to take

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Audio Transcripts:

Mrs. Heatley: We’ve hired a new contractor to paint our cabin by the lake, so I won’t be back today. I want to make sure the workers get the job done properly.

Marie: OK, Mrs. Heatley. I’ll have all the items on your list wrapped up when you get back.

Mrs. Heatley: That reminds me. There are some other chores I need you to do.

Marie: No problem. I’m having my sister, Zoe, assist me.

Mrs. Heatley: First, we need to have the lawn mowed.

Marie: It looks like it’s going to rain. I’ll have that taken care of immediately.

Mrs. Heatley: I also want the swimming pool drained and cleaned.

Marie: Sure. I’ll persuade Zoe to do that.

Mrs. Heatley: Could you also ask her to fill the bird feeder? It’s hanging in the window.

Marie: Of course.

Mrs. Heatley: One more thing: We need the front door mat vacuumed. It’s muddy.

Marie: Yes, it is. I expected you would require that to be cleaned.

Mrs. Heatley: Thanks, Marie. I’ll allow you to take a rest next weekend if everything is finished.

Marie: Alright, Mrs. Heatley.

GRAMMAR WORKOUT

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GRAMMAR WORKOUT

C. Correct the MistakesFix the eight errors in the passage. The first one has already been done for you.

When California Governor Jerry Brown had the sale of shark fins ban, his new

law caused Chinese restaurant owners protest. According to the owners, the

politician was having them punishing for making a culturally important dish. Without

shark fin soup on the menu, these places would lose a lot of money. Public

pressure, however, convinced Brown makes changes. Each year, the world lets

fishermen killed over 70 million sharks. Most countries do not require them harvest

all of the shark’s meat. Therefore, this allows fishermen practicing “finning,” namely,

the practice of cutting off the fin and then throwing the rest of the shark back into

the ocean. As three states have already implemented similar laws, others will likely

be forced follow.

banned

to protest

punished

to make

kill to harvest

to practice

to follow

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After a busy day, what’s your favorite way to relax? Number the

choices below according to your preferences. Compare your

answers with a classmate’s.

Skim the article to discover which action is the most relaxing based

on the latest research findings. Are you surprised?

□ Listening to some soft tunes □ Enjoying a cup of hot tea

□ Taking a stroll around town □ Reading for recreation

READING─PRE-READING TASK

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To many, reading seems like a tiresome pursuit. While books are

commonly credited with broadening people’s knowledge, some don’t

enjoy reading because it reminds them of schoolwork. However,

reading doesn’t have to be tedious. Besides providing pleasure, it is a

great way to relieve physical and mental tension.

READING

p.43

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The expression curl up with a good book perfectly illustrates the

refreshment that reading can provide. Studies have shown that it’s

the most effective means of achieving relaxation, outdoing more

standard practices. In tested subjects, listening to music reduced

stress levels by 61 percent, sipping a cup of tea by 54 percent, and

taking a walk by 42 percent. Reading’s effects are much greater,

decreasing anxiety by 68 percent! In fact, those tested only needed

six minutes of reading to cut mental pressure by more than two

thirds.

READING

p.43

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READING

Psychologists believe that the act of entering into a story is so

distracting that it eases muscle tightness. So, if a fictional world is the

calming factor, shouldn’t TV accomplish the same results? It does,

but not as well. People often turn to TV programs when they want to

relax. The average American adult spends as much as 15 years of

his or her life watching TV. But reading is a more soothing form of

escape because it demands the reader’s utmost attention. A story

absorbs the brain with the presented information and diverts one’s

mind from worries. In contrast, the minimal concentration needed by

a television program still allows the mind to wander and focus on

other things.

p.43

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READING

Reading produces an effect on the brain similar to that of

meditation. According to researchers, when students read silently,

they read four to seven words per second. Scientists determined

decades ago that seeing four to seven flashes of light per second

transports the brain into the Theta rhythm—the same phase in which

meditation occurs. This is the condition of maximum concentration,

and the brain blocks out all interruptions. Therefore, when the brain is

reading, it is actually in an altered state of consciousness.

p.43

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READING

The next time you come home exhausted and reach for the

remote, do your brain a favor and immerse yourself in a story

instead.

p.43

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READING

Discussion

Studies have shown that . . .

1. reading is the best activity to do directly prior to bedtime.

2. readers are three times as likely as those who do not read to participate in charity work.

3. readers are usually passionate about traveling.

Why do you think this is? Share your opinions with the class.

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1. Lullabies are soothing to infants. They are often sung before bedtime because they are such a(n) ____________.

2. The members of the sales team want to ____________ each other, as they’ve been told that whoever outdoes the others will receive additional vacation

days.

3. The research project broadened the students’ knowledge of psychology. They all agreed that the exercise had ____________ their understanding.

4. The illness is the result of a(n) __________ version of the virus. The altered virus doesn’t respond to the usual treatment.

5. Infants should not be punished, as they do not yet have consciousness of wrong and right. Their ____________ will not begin to develop for several months.

READING ─AFTER YOU READ

A. Understand from the ContextComplete the sentences with the correct forms of the words provided.

comfort

surpass

expanded

modified

awareness

comfort expand surpass awareness modified

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B. Complete the PassageFill in the missing letters with words from the article.

For thousands of years, the act of 1. m_____________n has been associated

with Buddhism. Buddhist monks spend much of their lives engaged in this activity,

through which they hope to gain enlightenment. The goal of the process is to rid

one’s mind of everything that could be 2. d_____________g. At Buddhist living

quarters, monks live separately in order to eliminate all possible

3. i_____________s. They become 4. a_____________d in the meditative periods

for weeks or even months at a time. Afterwards, instead of struggling with boredom,

monks will usually feel refreshed and content. This is very different from how many

people would react after doing the same activity for a month with

5. m_____________l outside contact.

editatio

istractin

nterruption bsorbe

inima p.36

p.37

p.38

p.39

p.40

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C. Comprehension CheckAnswer the questions.

1. According to the writer, why isn’t everyone interested in reading?

2. In what way is reading capable of relieving one’s mind of stress?

3. What is the reason that watching television is not as relaxing as reading?

4. How does the condition of one’s brain change while reading?

Many people are uninterested in reading because it is associated with the frustration of studying.

The reader focuses all of his or her attention on what is being read.

When reading, people are better able to ignore outside distractions, so they feel more

relaxed.

When one reads, the brain is stimulated into a state that is similar to what is achieved during meditation.

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WRITING SKILLS

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1. Dogs are a popular pet choice . . .

a. because of their loyal and affectionate nature.

b. , and they bark aggressively too.

2. When I was a child, my grandmother’s cookies . . .

a. were usually chocolate chunk.

b. always made me cheerful.

3. Patrick Dempsey’s dark hair . . .

a. makes him the best-looking American actor.

b. often hangs in his eyes.

4. Students strive to avoid poor grades . . .

a. by studying with diligence.

b. and disappointing their parents.

WRITING SKILLS

Task IFinish the topic sentence by circling the best controlling idea.

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E-readers are nice to have. With electronic reading devices, such as

Amazon’s Kindle and Barnes & Noble’s Nook, eager readers can download

online versions of their favorite titles. Now, instead of dragging around

multiple heavy books, readers can simply pack a light e-reader to take

hundreds of stories with them wherever they go. They take the hassle out of

reading on the go.

_____________________________________________________________

Improved Topic Sentence:

WRITING SKILLS

Task IIRead the paragraph below. Then write an improved topic sentence.

E-readers make it convenient to read, even when you’re not at home.

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WRITING SKILLS─BEFORE YOU WRITE

Write the letter of each description underneath the author it best describes.

b, e, g

c, d, h

a, f, i

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___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

WRITING SKILLS─WRITE IT UP

Choose one of the above authors and describe why you admire him or her. Use phrases and vocabulary from the previous section in your passage.

THE WRITER I ADMIRE MOSTTHE WRITER I ADMIRE MOST

Answer these questions in your passage.

1. How many books have you read by this author?

2. What was your reaction the first time you read his or her work?

3. What would you say to the author if you met face-to-face?

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___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

WRITING SKILLS─WRITE IT UP

Choose one of the above authors and describe why you admire him or her. Use phrases and vocabulary from the previous section in your passage.

Charles Dickens is the writer that I admire most because he’s one of the most

fascinating English novelists of all time. Dickens wrote several highly acclaimed

novels during the 1800s, and his must-read titles include A Tale of Two Cities and

Oliver Twist. I’ve read both of these plus Great Expectations and A Christmas

Carol, which is the first Dickens novel I ever read. I would have my mom read it

aloud to my sister and me when we were children. It is her favorite Christmas tale

because of its touching message about caring for others. Once I heard it, I fell in

love with the story too! If I met Dickens face-to-face, I would ask him what

informative tips he has for prospective writers.

THE WRITER I ADMIRE MOSTTHE WRITER I ADMIRE MOST

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The End

Documents

1 UNIT 2. 2 Task I Label each book with its appropriate category. GETTING READY biography romancehorrorfantasy