1 The Sacraments at the Service of Communion Two other sacraments, Holy Orders and Matrimony, are directed towards the salvation of others; if they contribute

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The Sacraments The Sacraments at the Service of at the Service of

CommunionCommunionTwo other sacraments, Holy Orders and Two other sacraments, Holy Orders and

Matrimony, are directed towards the Matrimony, are directed towards the salvation of others; if they contribute as salvation of others; if they contribute as well to personal salvation, it is through well to personal salvation, it is through service to others that they do so. They service to others that they do so. They

confer a particular mission in the confer a particular mission in the Church and serve to build up the People Church and serve to build up the People

of God.of God. – CCC 1534 – CCC 1534

Sacraments of “Consecration”Sacraments of “Consecration”

Sacraments of “Consecration”Sacraments of “Consecration” Directed to salvation of othersDirected to salvation of others


Holy Orders: toward the faithfulHoly Orders: toward the faithful


Holy Orders: toward the faithfulHoly Orders: toward the faithful Matrimony: toward spouse, familyMatrimony: toward spouse, family

Sacrament of Holy Sacrament of Holy OrdersOrders


Holy Orders is the sacrament Holy Orders is the sacrament through which the mission entrusted through which the mission entrusted by Christ to his apostles continues to by Christ to his apostles continues to be exercised in the Church until the be exercised in the Church until the end of time: thus it is the sacrament end of time: thus it is the sacrament of apostolic ministry. It includes three of apostolic ministry. It includes three degrees: episcopate, presbyterate, degrees: episcopate, presbyterate, and diaconate. and diaconate.



Sacrament (visible sign)Sacrament (visible sign)


Sacrament (visible sign)Sacrament (visible sign) Instituted by ChristInstituted by Christ


Sacrament (visible sign)Sacrament (visible sign) Instituted by ChristInstituted by Christ In the Church In the Church


Sacrament (visible sign)Sacrament (visible sign) Instituted by ChristInstituted by Christ In the Church In the Church Until end of time Until end of time


Sacrament (visible sign)Sacrament (visible sign) Instituted by ChristInstituted by Christ In the Church In the Church Until end of time Until end of time Apostolic ministryApostolic ministry


Sacrament (visible sign)Sacrament (visible sign) Instituted by ChristInstituted by Christ In the Church In the Church Until end of time Until end of time Apostolic ministryApostolic ministry Three degreesThree degrees

Three degrees of Holy Three degrees of Holy OrdersOrders

A priestly hierarchy rooted in A priestly hierarchy rooted in ScriptureScripture BishopBishop PriestsPriests DeaconsDeacons


To do what?To do what? Instituted to proclaim the Word of God and Instituted to proclaim the Word of God and

to restore communion with God by to restore communion with God by sacrifices and prayer, this priesthood sacrifices and prayer, this priesthood nevertheless remains powerless to bring nevertheless remains powerless to bring about salvation, needing to repeat its about salvation, needing to repeat its sacrifices ceaselessly and being unable to sacrifices ceaselessly and being unable to achieve a definitive sanctification, which achieve a definitive sanctification, which only the sacrifice of Christ would only the sacrifice of Christ would accomplish. (Heb 5, 7, 10) accomplish. (Heb 5, 7, 10)

--CCC 1540--CCC 1540


New Testament: New Testament: Jesus “orders” his followers: Jesus “orders” his followers:

1 (Jesus/Moses)1 (Jesus/Moses) 1 (Peter/Aaron)1 (Peter/Aaron) 3 (Peter, James, John/Aaron, Nadab, Abihu) 3 (Peter, James, John/Aaron, Nadab, Abihu) 12 (12 Apostles/twelve tribes) 12 (12 Apostles/twelve tribes) 70 (Sent by both Jesus and Moses (Num 11)70 (Sent by both Jesus and Moses (Num 11)


Old Testament backdrop: Old Testament backdrop: Exodus 24Exodus 24 typology for Jesus’ New Priesthoodtypology for Jesus’ New Priesthood Distinction between laity and priestsDistinction between laity and priests Priests offering sacrifice and ritual mealPriests offering sacrifice and ritual meal Institution of a new covenantInstitution of a new covenant Parallels to Jesus’ actionsParallels to Jesus’ actions


New Testament: New Testament: Jesus “orders” his followers: Jesus “orders” his followers:

Bishops (type: Aaron, his sons) Bishops (type: Aaron, his sons) Priests (type: the “seventy”)Priests (type: the “seventy”) Deacons (type: the Levites)Deacons (type: the Levites)


New Covenant priesthood rooted in New Covenant priesthood rooted in the Priesthood of Jesus Christ himselfthe Priesthood of Jesus Christ himself

See CCC 1545See CCC 1545


KEY DISTINCTION:KEY DISTINCTION: Ministerial and Common PriesthoodMinisterial and Common Priesthood Two participations in the one priesthood Two participations in the one priesthood

of Christ (CCC 1546)of Christ (CCC 1546)


Two participations in the one Two participations in the one priesthood of Christ priesthood of Christ ““They differ essentially.” (CCC 1547)They differ essentially.” (CCC 1547) How?How?


How two “participations” different?How two “participations” different?


How two “participations” different?How two “participations” different? MinisterialMinisterial (or “exterior”) priesthood ordered (or “exterior”) priesthood ordered

to to commoncommon priesthood priesthood



to to commoncommon priesthood priesthood Christ builds up His Church through the Christ builds up His Church through the

PriesthoodPriesthood



to to commoncommon priesthood priesthood Christ builds up His Church through the Christ builds up His Church through the

PriesthoodPriesthood So it is a sacrament (visible sign within the So it is a sacrament (visible sign within the

Church)Church)

Priest acts in persona Priest acts in persona Christi capitisChristi capitis

In the person of Christ the head (CCC In the person of Christ the head (CCC 1548)1548)

Head: source of the Church’s life, one body Head: source of the Church’s life, one body with herwith her

Mediator between Church and ChristMediator between Church and Christ Mediator between men and God (in Christ)Mediator between men and God (in Christ) Only Priest confects the EucharistOnly Priest confects the Eucharist

Priest acts in persona Priest acts in persona Christi capitisChristi capitis

The presence Christ made visible (CCC The presence Christ made visible (CCC 1549)1549)

Bishop is a type of the Father Bishop is a type of the Father ““In persona Christi” refers specifically to In persona Christi” refers specifically to

sacramental actionssacramental actions

Priest acts in the name of Priest acts in the name of the whole Churchthe whole Church

Does NOT mean priest is a delegate of Does NOT mean priest is a delegate of the communitythe community

It does mean he is a representative of It does mean he is a representative of the WHOLE CHURCH because he the WHOLE CHURCH because he represents Christ (CCC 1553)represents Christ (CCC 1553)

Celebration of the Celebration of the SacramentSacrament

Matter: laying on of hands (CCC 1573)Matter: laying on of hands (CCC 1573) Form: prayer of consecrationForm: prayer of consecration Conferred to priests only by a Bishop Conferred to priests only by a Bishop

(CCC 1572)(CCC 1572) Guarantees Apostolic Succession (575-576)Guarantees Apostolic Succession (575-576)

Recipient of the Recipient of the SacramentSacrament

Only a baptized man (CCC 1577)Only a baptized man (CCC 1577) Official argument: Christ’s willOfficial argument: Christ’s will Other logical reasons follow given Other logical reasons follow given

sacramental (visible, exterior, fleshly) sacramental (visible, exterior, fleshly) charactercharacter

A gift received (CCC 1578): given only to a A gift received (CCC 1578): given only to a few men yet for the whole Church (ordered few men yet for the whole Church (ordered to the Common Priesthood)to the Common Priesthood)

Effects of SacramentEffects of Sacrament

The indelible character CCC 1581The indelible character CCC 1581 Cannot be repeatedCannot be repeated Spiritual characterSpiritual character Principle: to act as a priest you have to be a Principle: to act as a priest you have to be a

priestpriest Priests are priests in heaven: cf Rev 14Priests are priests in heaven: cf Rev 14

Celibate men who alone sing the song of the Celibate men who alone sing the song of the lamblamb

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Pause!Pause!

Questions or comments regarding Questions or comments regarding Holy Orders?Holy Orders?

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Holy MatrimonyHoly Matrimony

"The matrimonial covenant, by which "The matrimonial covenant, by which a man and a woman establish a man and a woman establish between themselves a partnership of between themselves a partnership of the whole of life, is by its nature the whole of life, is by its nature ordered toward the good of the ordered toward the good of the spouses and the procreation and spouses and the procreation and education of offspring; this covenant education of offspring; this covenant between baptized persons has been between baptized persons has been raised by Christ the Lord to the raised by Christ the Lord to the dignity of a sacrament.“ CCC 1601dignity of a sacrament.“ CCC 1601


The dignity of a sacramentThe dignity of a sacrament Marriage exists since the beginning as a Marriage exists since the beginning as a

natural bondnatural bond Marriage is from God (CCC 1603)Marriage is from God (CCC 1603) The sacrament is a supernatural bond The sacrament is a supernatural bond

from Christfrom Christ


A “Covenant”A “Covenant” A sacred family bondA sacred family bond Exchange of persons, not goodsExchange of persons, not goods


Key text in Scripture: Mark 10Key text in Scripture: Mark 10 “…“…what God has joined…”what God has joined…”

A supernatural act by GodA supernatural act by God Disciples are confused: Jesus is instituting a Disciples are confused: Jesus is instituting a

SacramentSacrament Indissolubility: a logical consequence of Holy Indissolubility: a logical consequence of Holy

MatrimonyMatrimony


A sign of Christ’s union with the A sign of Christ’s union with the ChurchChurch Christ’s first miracle at a wedding (CCC Christ’s first miracle at a wedding (CCC

1615)1615) Indissolubility: Christ will not leave his Indissolubility: Christ will not leave his

Church Church


Key text: Ephesians 5 (cf CCC 1616)Key text: Ephesians 5 (cf CCC 1616) A “great mystery”: reference to Christ A “great mystery”: reference to Christ

and the Church and the Church Christ and the Church IS NUPTIAL (CCC Christ and the Church IS NUPTIAL (CCC

1617)1617)

Celebration of Holy Celebration of Holy MatrimonyMatrimony

Normally during Holy Mass (CCC Normally during Holy Mass (CCC 1621)1621) Eucharist as sourceEucharist as source Reception of sacrament of penanceReception of sacrament of penance Spouses are the ministers of the Spouses are the ministers of the

sacrament through their consentsacrament through their consent

Recipients of Holy Recipients of Holy MatrimonyMatrimony

Spouses are the ministers of the Spouses are the ministers of the sacrament through their consent (CCC sacrament through their consent (CCC 1625)1625)

One man and one womanOne man and one woman FreeFree Faithful Faithful Fruitful Fruitful

Recipients of Holy Recipients of Holy MatrimonyMatrimony

Matter and form: the mutual giving and Matter and form: the mutual giving and accepting of consent by the spousesaccepting of consent by the spouses

Conjugal act consummates the marriageConjugal act consummates the marriage

Four key/cool points Four key/cool points (CCC 1631)(CCC 1631)

1.1. Matrimony is a liturgical actMatrimony is a liturgical act2.2. Is an ecclesial orderIs an ecclesial order3.3. A state of life in the ChurchA state of life in the Church4.4. Public characterPublic character

Effects of Matrimony Effects of Matrimony See CCC 1638 ffSee CCC 1638 ff A BOND !!! (real, invisible)A BOND !!! (real, invisible) Strength for duties, special giftsStrength for duties, special gifts Grace to attain holinessGrace to attain holiness Encounter with Christ, God (ccc Encounter with Christ, God (ccc

1642)1642) Children: the “crowning glory” Children: the “crowning glory”

of matrimony (CCC 1652)of matrimony (CCC 1652) Grace to hand faith on to kidsGrace to hand faith on to kids

CONCLUSION!CONCLUSION!

Sacraments: powers that flow from Sacraments: powers that flow from the body of Christ!the body of Christ!

The power to know and grow in The power to know and grow in God’s own triune life, who became God’s own triune life, who became flesh for our sake.flesh for our sake.

Final Assignment: Final Assignment: Your protestant friend, a 45 yr old teacher, tells Your protestant friend, a 45 yr old teacher, tells

you that he doesn’t understand why Catholics you that he doesn’t understand why Catholics have to “do all these rituals to be close to God.” have to “do all these rituals to be close to God.” He says Jesus came to “set us free from all that He says Jesus came to “set us free from all that stuff.” Write an email response to your friend in stuff.” Write an email response to your friend in which you explain what is the Catholic view of the which you explain what is the Catholic view of the “Sacramental economy,” giving “Sacramental economy,” giving two distinct two distinct reasonsreasons to explain why the Sacraments are to explain why the Sacraments are logical and/or essential.logical and/or essential.

Email it to Email it to [email protected]@diocesephoenix.org by 12/18/12 at 11:59 pm. by 12/18/12 at 11:59 pm.

Documents

1 The Sacraments at the Service of Communion Two other sacraments, Holy Orders and Matrimony, are directed towards the salvation of others; if they contribute