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1
The Critical Period
REVIEW
Thomas Jefferson – Ch11
• War with GB & FR
• British Orders in Council 1806– Shipping must stop in GB before France– 6,000 Americans impressed
• GB fires on the Chesapeake
• US Embargo Act of 1807– No trading to foreign countries – Colonial Response: “That Dambargo!”– Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 (trade yes, GB/FR no)
America: A Nutcrackered Neutral
• US turned to building factories
That “Dambargo” was pretty “Damgood”
Chapter 12
President Monroe
4
• Non Intercourse Act = Macon’s Bill No. 2– Opens all trade– If we trade w/GB…we won’t trade w/Fr– Vice versa
• Napoleon agrees (lies)
• GB to trade w/US or we cannot trade at all!
• Madison the idiot
President Madison 1809-1817
• 12th Congress = “War Hawks”
• Want a GB war and expansion into Canada
• Argument: GB is supplying Indians in the west
Mr. Madison’s WARWar of 1812 - Causes
• On to Canada to wipe out the Native American base• To protest against GB impressment• Purpose: to restore confidence in Republicanism• PROBLEM
– Leads to sectionalism
– New England shippers do not want war
– Federalists did not want agricultural Canadian lands (more slavery?)
– US to fight Old England and New England
War of 1812The Second War of
Independence
• Sir Francis Scott Key• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bcKxraNQ7iY
The Burning of the White House
• The Enlightenment….AGAIN?• The Federalists feel they are not represented in
government…they did not want war• Meet to discuss secession….then….• WAR IS OVER! WE WIN!• Ooops….traitors?• DEATH TO THE FEDS!
The Hartford Convention
• The Treaty of Ghent….nothing much but….• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qYPGYJmcRvU
• R.E.S.P.E.C.T.• Andrew Jackson & The Battle of New Orleans• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VL7XS_8qgXM
• A phony war hero???
The End of the War
11
The Era of Good Feelings
Chapter 12 1816-1824
I FEEL THE LOVE!!!WHY ARE WE LOVING?
12
President Monroe
• The Tariff of 1816– Depression after war….cheap European goods– First protective tariff
• The Panic of 1819– Speculation of western land– Foreclosed farms in the west– Bank failures– unemployment
13
Western Expansion = New States =
….conflict?
• Western Expansion SOLUTION????– Clay’s American System (bank, tariff, roads/canals)
14
Sectionalism Simulation
What defined each section (North, South, West) of the United States?
Building of Roads & Canals
• The building of roads and canals, especially in the newly founded territories, will be according to the following guidelines:
• The Federal Government should / should not pay for the building of new roads and canals.
• If built, the new roads and canals shall be built connecting:– (the north to the west) or
– (the south to the west) or
– (the north to the south) or
– (the north and south to the west).
Sale of Western Lands
• The territories acquired by the United States of America shall be sold according to the following requirements:
• Western lands shall be parceled (split) according to the following:– Ex. Not smaller than / Not larger than ______ acres.
• These parcels shall be sold at $______ per acre.
• The rights of squatters should/should not be recognized.
Tariff Legislation
• All current tariff rates imposed by the Government will be changed to meet the following:
• Tariffs shall be increased/decreased to _____cents for every dollar.
Bank of the United States
• The charter of the Bank of the United States shall be changed to meet the following:
• The Bank of the United States’ Charter shall/shall not be renewed.
• If renewed, the Bank of the United States’ Charter shall exist for a period not exceeding ____ years.
Slavery
• The expansion of new lands in the west will adhere to the following guidelines:
• Slavery will / will not be allowed in newly founded territories in the west.
A Civil War???NO! Appease the South!
• Tallmadge Amendment = fear!
• Missouri Compromise of 1820…a dirty bargain?
21
END OF SIMULATIONTally up the points!
22
Flexing Judicial PowerHey John Marshall!
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT GOOD!
• McCulloch v. Maryland
• Cohens v. Virginia
• Gibbons v. Ogden
• WE “BAD”…WE KNOW IT!
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT NOT SO GOOD….
• Fletcher v. Peck
• Dartmouth College v. Woodard
• CHARTER ORGANIZATIONS ESCAPE REGULATION
23
What’s going on in….Europe????
The Congress of Vienna
24
More Land Expansion• Florida Purchase Treaty of 1819
• Monroe Doctrine….Fear of LA expansion?
• Russo-American Treaty of 1824
25
CHAPTER 14
SKIP TO “BEGINNINGS OF
INDUSTRIALIZATION”
26
27
The Market Revolution
The Beginnings of Industrialization
U.S. Slow To Industrialize
28
Industrial Revolution
U.S. Slow To Industrialize
•Landownership so easy, few want to work in factories, prefer farming
•Too few workers for industrialization
29
American Factory System
Samuel Slater
Father of the Factory System
30
American Factory System
The south is now “King Cotton”
Eli Whitney
Cotton Gin
Interchangeable
Parts
31
American Factory System
Isaac Singer
Sewing Machine
SamuelMorse
Telegraph
CyrusMcCormick
MowerReaper
32
Industrial WorkersWomen’s Work
Lowell Factory
Smaller Families
Middle Class = “Cult of Domesticity
Massachusetts Commonwealth v Hunt
33
The National Road
AKA Cumberland Road
34
American Factory System
Robert Fulton – Steam Boats
The Clermont
Patents
• 1790 – First Patent Act
• 1836 – Patent Office
35
36
The Erie Canal
DeWitt Clinton, Governor of New York
Completed 1825
Erie Canal - Importance
37
38
GAME ON!
Canal Investors v. Railroad Inventors
39
40
Stagecoaches & Pony Express
41
The Economy Breeds Sectionalism
•East Supplies Manufactured Goods for Needs of West & South
•West Supplies Grain & Livestock to Feed South and North
•South Supplies Cotton for Textile Mills of the North & Export to Europe
Henry Clay’s American System