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1
The 21st Century Internet:A Planetary Fiber Backbone With Wireless Everywhere
Coronado Roundtable
San Diego, CA
April 23, 2004
Dr. Larry Smarr
Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technologies
Harry E. Gruber Professor,
Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering
Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD
2
California’s Institutes for Science and Innovation A Bold Experiment in Collaborative Research
UCSBUCLA
California NanoSystems Institute
UCSF UCB
California Institute for Bioengineering, Biotechnology,
and Quantitative Biomedical Research
UCI
UCSD
California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology
Center for Information Technology Research
in the Interest of Society
UCSC
UCDUCM
www.ucop.edu/california-institutes
3
Where is Telecommunications Research Performed?A Historic Shift
Source: Bob Lucky, Telcordia/SAIC
U.S. Industry
Non-U.S. Universities
U.S. Universities
Percent Of The Papers Published IEEE Transactions On Communications
70%
85%
4
Cal-(IT)2--An Integrated Approach the Future of the Internet
www.calit2.net
UC San Diego & UC Irvine FacultyWorking in Multidisciplinary Teams
With Students, Industry, and the Community
5
Two New Cal-(IT)2 Buildings Will be Finished This Year
• Will Create New Laboratory Facilities– Interdisciplinary Teams – Wireless and Optical Networking– Computer Arts Virtual Reality– Clean Rooms for Nanotech and BioMEMS
Bioengineering
UC San Diego
UC Irvine
See www.calit2.net for Live VideoCams
State of California Provided $100M Capital
6
San Diego is the Wireless Capital of the World
• There are over 300 Telecom Companies Here• Weekly Meetings of Special Interest Groups• Collaboration Between Council and Universities
www.sdtelecom.org/
7
Cal-(IT)2 is Exploring the Implications of George Gilder’s Philosophy
“A global economy designed to waste transistors, power, and silicon area
-and conserve bandwidth above all- is breaking apart and reorganizing itself
to waste bandwidth and conserve power, silicon area, and transistors."
George Gilder Telecosm (2000)
Bandwidth is getting cheaper faster than storage.Storage is getting cheaper faster than computing.
Exponentials are crossing.
8
• Wireless Access--Anywhere, Anytime– Broadband Speeds– Cellular Interoperating with Wi-Fi
• Billions of New Wireless Internet End Points– Information Appliances (Including Cell Phones)– Sensors and Actuators– Embedded Processors
• Backbone Fiber Network– Multiple Wavelengths of Light Per Fiber– Linking Clusters, Storage, Visualization– Massive Distributed Data Sets
Cal-(IT)2 Will “Live in the Future”of the “Always-On” Internet
9
Transitioning to the “Always-On” Mobile Internet
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Mobile Internet
Fixed Internet
Subscribers (millions)
Source: Ericsson
Two Modes of Wireless:Wide Area Cellular Internet
Local Access Wi-Fi
10
Using Students to Invent the Futureof Widespread Use of Wireless Devices
• Broadband Internet Connection via Wireless Wi-Fi– Over 600 Access Points on the Campus
• Year- Long “Living Laboratory” Experiment 2001-02– 500 Computer Science & Engineering Undergraduates
• 300 Entering UCSD Sixth College Students—Fall 2002• Experiments with Geo-Location and Interactive Maps
Cal-(IT)2 Team: Bill Griswold, Gabriele Wienhausen, UCSD; Rajesh Gupta, UCI
UC San Diego
UC Irvine
11
Geolocation Will Be an Early New Wireless Internet Application
• Technologies of Geolocation– GPS chips– Access Point Triangulation– Bluetooth Beacons– Gyro chips
Source: Bill Griswold, UCSD
UCSD ActiveCampus – Outdoor Map
12
Only Three Years From Research to Market New Broadband Cellular Internet Technology
• First US Taste of 3G Cellular Internet– UCSD Jacobs School Antenna
– Three Years Before Commercial Rollout
• Linking to 802.11 Mobile “Bubble”– Tested on Campus CyberShuttle
• Verizon Introduces in San Diego Rooftop Qualcomm 1xEV Access Point
www.calit2.net/news/2002/4-2-bbus.html
VerizonRollout
Fall 2003
CyberShuttle March 2002
InstalledDec 2000
13
SDSU Santa Margarita Field Station is a SensorNet Living Laboratory
Sensor Networks =
Real-Time Science and Education
Sedra Shapiro, Field Stations Director
Larry Smarr, Cal-(IT)2 Director
Pablo Bryant, FS Technical Lead
Claudia Luke, SMER Manager
Eric Frost, SDSU Prof.
Dan Cayan, SIO Water Sensors
Cal-(IT)2 is Hosting An Environmental Hydrology
Workshop Spring 2004
14
Can Use of These Technologies Help Us Avoid the Downsides of Prolonged Growth?
• Add Wireless Sensor Array
• Build GIS Data• Focus on:
– Pollution– Water Cycle– Earthquakes– Bridges– Traffic– Policy
• Work with the Community to Adapt to Growth
HuntingtonBeach
Mission Bay
San Diego Bay
UCSD
UCI
High Tech Coast
15
Prevailing wind
Warm zone
Compromised Transportation
Corridor
Hot Zone
Combining These Experiments to Support First Responders
Transportation Assets With Mobile Internet
Bubble
FieldTreatment
Station
Mobile BubblesPatient RF IDs
First Responder PDAsElectronicrecord of field care
Hospital #1
Hospital #2
Stadium
WMD Attack
Transport station
Incidentcommand
center
2-Way TelemedicineControl RoomGPS Tracking
High Bandwidth
16
Joint Evaluations
• First Responder Wireless Location Aware Systems For Nuclear, Chemical & Radiologic Attacks– Total NIH Award: $4.1 Million. – Duration 10/03 To 10/06
WIISARD Drill 3/16/04
Leslie Lenert, PIUCSD SOM
17
Why Optical NetworksWill Become the 21st Century Driver
Scientific American, January 2001
Number of Years0 1 2 3 4 5
Pe
rfo
rma
nc
e p
er
Do
llar
Sp
en
t
Data Storage(bits per square inch)
(Doubling time 12 Months)
Optical Fiber(bits per second)
(Doubling time 9 Months)
Silicon Computer Chips(Number of Transistors)
(Doubling time 18 Months)
18
Metro Optically Linked Visualization WallsAllow for New Levels of Collaborative Analysis
• Driven by SensorNets Data– Real Time Seismic
– Environmental Monitoring
– Distributed Collaboration
– Emergency Response
• Linked UCSD and SDSU– Dedication March 4, 2002
Linking Control Rooms
Cox, Panoram,SAIC, SGI, IBM,
TeraBurst NetworksSD Telecom Council
UCSD SDSU44 Miles of Cox Fiber
19
The OptIPuter Team is Building aNational-Scale Collaboratory in 2004
Source: Tom West, CEO, NLR
Chicago OptIPuter
StarLightNU, UIC
SoCalOptIPuter
USC, UCI UCSD, SDSU
NASA Ames
NASA Goddard
NEPTUNE
In Discussion
20
OptIPuter Connects Through Chicago toCurrent and Potential International-Scale Partners
Source: Tom DeFanti,
UIC
TheOptIPuter
WasBorn
Global!
StarlightNU, UIC
Univ. of AmsterdamNetherLight
CurrentOptIPuter
21
Imagine That Walls Are Transparent Windows Between The Two New Cal-(IT)2 Buildings!
UC Irvine
UC San Diego
22
USGS (OptIPuter partner)~350,000x350,000 Pixel Images of 350 US Cities
~ 50TB of Data (Brian Davis)
We are Creating Active Walls with One Hundred Times the Resolution of this PC Screen
23
Planning for Optically Linking Crisis Management Control Rooms in California
California Office of Emergency Services, Sacramento, CA