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1
Stigma and Discrimination against
PLHIV
HAIVNHarvard Medical School AIDS
Initiative in Vietnam
2
By the end of this session, participants will be able to:Identify the manifestations of stigma and discriminationList 4 main causes of stigma and discriminationExplain the consequences of stigma and discrimination in the care of PLHIVDescribe the methods to reduce stigma and discrimination
Learning Objectives
3
Stigma and Discrimination
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Stigma is assigned a person or a group of people to a different thing from the most people
Discrimination is often described as the unfair treatment to a person or a group of people
Definition
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Self-stigmatized:• People who have seen the other
stigmatized then fear and separate from other people
Stigmatized: • People who have been stigmatized in
the past
Two Forms of Stigma
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Alienated: being avoid contact Rejected: • when seeking medical, at work and in
the family Isolated: • Stay in a separate area in the family,
hospital ...
The Manifestations of Stigma and Discrimination
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Lack of information, lack of understanding of the HIV transmission
Lack of experience Fear of disease, fear of stigma Cohesion of HIV/AIDS with the
“social evils” People sometimes unaware about
their stigma behavior
Causes of Stigma and Discrimination
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Customers do not come to counseling and testing service:• Do not use services• Do not know the infection status and
maybe spread to others
Consequences of Stigma and Discrimination(1)
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Customers do not have access to care and treatment:• Do not take advantage of services• Too sick to be treated or the fee is more
expensive• Some diseases can be spread to the
community if not treated
Consequences of Stigma and Discrimination(1(2)
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Reduce Stigma and Discrimination
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Ensure the privacy of clinic Ensure that all client records are
confidential Avoid using banners, posters…
around the area for HIV patients
Reduce Stigma and Discrimination in Health Services(1)
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Avoid isolating HIV patients with other patients
Avoid using gloves in case there is no risk of exposure
Warmly welcome patients:• Smile, use kind words and express
sincere• Avoid non-verbal communication to
show contempt, disgust or disrespect
Reduce Stigma and Discrimination in Health Services (2)
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Organize training for the medical staffs about:• "Standard Precautions" and• Exposure prevention skills
Develop policies to protect people living with HIV from persecution or discrimination
Reduce Stigma and Discrimination in Health Services (3)
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Promote the role of HIV-infected people
Consult for HIV-infected people and their families in order to reduce stigma and self-stigmatized
Strengthen communication, enhance understanding in the community about HIV/AIDS
Campaign for HIV/AIDS prevention
Reduce Stigma and Discrimination in the Community
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Stigma and discrimination can be seen everywhere: in the family or in public
Common cause leading to stigma is the lack of understanding
Stigma and discrimination affect patients' access to treatment and counseling services
All measures should be applied to reduce stigma and discrimination in health care facilities and community
Key Points
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Thank you!
Questions?