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STATISTICAL OFFICE OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Time use survey
in Serbia
2 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
Serbia
• The majority of the population in Serbia was under the negative influence of crisis in many aspects in last two decades.
• The female population has been particularly affected and there are some thoughts that Serbian female population has been particularly affected.
3 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
Serbian population in figures?
• Half of the total population in Serbia is female (51.4%), but this is not always reflected in the economic, social and educational structure of the population.
• On the other hand, women mostly participate in unpaid housework and care of the family members.
4 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
Gender statistics
• Gender statistics help to monitor the situation on women and men in the country. Of course, there are some gaps in the routine statistics.
• Time use survey could help on the filling the gaps by the information about how, how much and in which activities women and men spend their time. The main goal should be an estimation of the contribution of women to the national economy and to study the gender discrimination in household activities.
5 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
Time use survey
• Time use survey is based on writing down all the activities of an individual during the day. Every interviewed person who is 15 years and over fills out a time diary for each fixed 10-minutes interval.
• The diary has to be filled in during the designated diary days, and the interviewees need to describe in their own words how they use their time and with whom.
6 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
Time use survey 2
• Differences in time use between women and men• Differences in the use of time for paid and unpaid work• Differences in the use of time between empl and unempl• Differences in the use of time during the weekdays and
weekend days• The time that women and men use for economic activities• The time that some social groups use for economic activities
(single parents, families with two or more children, multiple age group households, etc.)
• Time spent on study, in leisure activities, on travel• Time spent with individual family members• Types of vehicles depending on the travel reason etc.
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Time use survey 3
• Time use statistics are quantitative summaries of how individuals "spend" their time over the 24 hours of a day or over the 7 days of a week.
• How we choose to spend our time is one of the main factors that shape our lives, and time use survey provide an opportunity to measure these choices.
• The way in which these choices affect time use has important implications for public policy, in particular in areas of employment, social security, childcare, labor market, health and education.
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Time use survey 4
• From the economic perspective, TUS data can be used to expand the coverage of national income and product accounts by providing information on productive activities undertaken outside the market place.
• The data can be used for the purpose of the result based policy and decision making and in national and cross-national analyses and research studies. All these could be of the highest importance for the social development and human rights, especially on women human rights and gender equality.
9 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
Gender machinery in Serbia
• Serbian gender machinery succeeded to put important issues into the National strategy on improvement of position of women and promotion of gender equality (2009):
the demand for conducting a Time use survey in Serbia by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (SORS) and to include it as regular survey into its mandatory surveys.
• Gender equality low (2009)
10 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
With the little help from our friends
• Since the spring 2008, the Statistics Sweden (SCB), financially supported by the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA), started organizing several courses devoted to theconducting of TUS in Serbia.
• Thanks to those seminars, Time use survey could be conducted by the EUROSTAT standard methodology and data collecting recommendations.
11 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
With the little help from our friends 2
• Time use pilot survey was conducted during the summer 2009 with the financial support of the EU through the project of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP).
• SIDA provided financial support for the conducting main Time use survey in Serbia.
12 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
Time use pilot survey, Serbia 2009
• Time use pilot survey was not representative for Serbia
• Pilot survey was the first test of all survey instruments (methodology, questionnaires, interviewer instructions, activity code rules and activity coding list).
• Data entry software and data processing were a big challenge for the statisticians and IT experts.
13 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
Time use pilot survey, Serbia 2009 2
• 160 households were visited on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, of which 100 households were from urban and 60 households from rural settlements.
• Demographic data were collected for 477 members of the households, 395 members were 15 + years old, 392 members were interviewed and 677 diaries were fulfilled.
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How time is used during the day, Women 20 - 74 yrs, All days, Serbia, Jully 2009
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
04.00 07.00 10.00 13.00 16.00 19.00 22.00 01.00Time
Percent
Paid work
Unpaid work
Sleep TVFree time
Meal
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How time is used during the day, Men 20 - 74 yrs, All days, Serbia, Jully 2009
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
04.00 07.00 10.00 13.00 16.00 19.00 22.00 01.00Time
Percent
Paid work
Unpaid work
Sleep TVFree time
Meal
16 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
Time use pilot survey, Serbia 2009 3
• The main result is that the pilot TUS confirmed that the work of women (wives, mothers and daughters) within the household is invisible for the official statistics.
• From the gender perspective, the TUS is a relatively precious source of information on gender statistics.
•
17 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
Time use pilot survey, Serbia 2009 4
• Pilot survey is a simulation of the organization of the survey fieldwork which is very complex and demanding.
• This pilot survey served as training for the interviewer and controller activity working plan. Taking into account that this survey is a multi-dimensional, good plan for the territory and time scheduled is very important for the realization of the survey.
18 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
Time use pilot survey, Serbia 2009 5
• The experience from pilot survey was of immense importance for all participants in the survey: methodologists, controllers, interviewers, coders and employees responsible for data entering.
• This experience is used to improve the main Time use survey, and to improve other surveys that are conducting in the SORS.
19 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
Main Time use survey, Serbia 2010
• TUS has started on 15th February 2010 and it will last 365 days
• The survey was designed to achieve a representative sample of the population living in households in Serbia.
• Sample size – 2340 hhs, 6200 ind• Sample design – two stages representative
sample
20 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
• The sample unit of the SORS made a sample plan with the time schedule for the days in a week that diariesshould be filled in.
• It will be engaged almost 60 interviewers and controllers for the interviewing of members and control of the fieldwork for 2340 households from urban and rural areas in Serbia.
Main Time use survey, Serbia 2010 2
21 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
• Survey material has already started coming to headquarter of the SORS for the final control, coding of activities and data entry.
• The fieldwork will be finished during the February 2011, but as it is well known, after that phase, there are a lot of jobs that should be done.
Main Time use survey, Serbia 2010 3
22 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
• All activities implemented in those two projects contribute to capacity building of SORS.
• Besides that, it is very significant progress in methodological and organizational issues for theSORS staff at all, development of sustainable statistics and especially for gender sensitization.
As a conclusion
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Special thanks to Mr. Klas Rydenstam who helped us to know where we are
going.
If you don’t know where you are going, any road will get you there!
Lewis Carroll
www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
24 www.stat.gov.rs [email protected]
Thank you!
Prepared by: Dragana Djokovic – Papic, Head of the Division
for social standards and indicators
