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1 st Yr

1 st Yr. Large periods of time divided into ages Stone age, Bronze Age, Iron Age Describe the new objects used by people The stone age is divided

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1st Yr

Large periods of time divided into ages Stone age, Bronze Age, Iron Age Describe the new objects used by people The stone age is divided into 3 periods Early, Middle, New Stone Age

Writing not clearly invented so… Artefacts – weapons, houses, etc. Archaeological sites

Middle Stone Age Used weapons made of stone Flint – a lot of flint in North No permanent homes so… Info. From Midden Remains found at Mount Sandel, North

Ireland

7000 BC (9000 years ago) Moved from place to place Ate berries and nuts Hunted deer, wild boar Fished

7000 BC (9000 years ago) Moved from place to place Ate berries and nuts Hunted deer, wild boar Fished

Cleared woods for land Planted barley and wheat Raised domestic animals Regular supply of food So had to settle in permanent homes

Round or rectangular – wooden Post-holes – for frame Branches weaved in – for wall Mud plastered on Called wattle and daub Thatched roof over

Archaeological remains tell us this Lough Gur in Limerick Ceide Fields in Mayo – Farms Covered over by bog Provided primary sources

Woolen clothes from sheep Began to spin and weave Dye from berries Fashionable Wore bone necklaces

First made during Neolithic Period Made from clay Used for cooking and storing food

Ate the animals they raised Still hunted Made porridge from the crops Rotary querns – round stones rubbed off

each other Ground the grain for porridge

Believed in after-life Objects found buried with people Megalithic tombs 3 types

2 areas – court = open area Used for religious ceremony and cremations Cairn = the chamber Covered with stones and slabs Remains put in there with other objects

Resemble huge stone tables Aka Portal Tombs 2 standing stones = portals Capstone on top Cremated remains underneath

Like huge court cairns A passage leads to a chamber Walls of slabs Mound of earth on top Most famous – Newgrange, Knowth, Dowth

Oldest building in Europe – 4500 years old Older than Stonehenge or the pyramids Excavated in 1960’s

Very advanced Overlapping slabs going closer and closer

together for roof No rain has gotten through

Beautiful spirals carved on the stones Famous one on the entrance stone Why? Enjoyment of the dead inside?

Hole over entrance Winter solstice Light floods the chamber Very carefully planned Knowledgeable… about astronomy

Remains a mystery So few bodies Perhaps only for Kings? Perhaps a temple in honour of sun god? The cremated bones a sacrifice? Perhaps an ancient calendar? Telling farmers shortest day of the year

First farmers First Pottery Dyed clothes Wattle and daub Lough Gur and Ceide Fields Believed in after-life Portal dolmens Passage tombs