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mr=timContinued from page 24your treatment records. From thelawyer's point of view, if there is some-thing that comes to your attentionwhich has been left out o f your records,add it to the file by a separate memo.

If the claim is large enough toexceed your insurance coverage or ifyou feel that your insurance carrier isnot adequately protecting yourinterests, you should hire your owncounsel. There are inevitable conflictsbetween your interests and yourinsurance carrier 's interests,particularly if the a mount of the claimexceeds your potential insurancecoverage. In our rather jade d view, it isunwise to depend on the insurancecompany when its interests may be in-consistent with yours.

Hiring individual counsel createsthe uncomfortable situation in whichyou are paying for an attorney to helpyou on a claim that you thought wasgoing to be handled by the insurancecarrier. "Take heart, he said, "unlessyour insurance carrier is refusing todefend you, the insurance lawye r willcontinue to represent yo u and do mostof the heavy lifting. The purpose ofhiring your own lawyer is to watch theinsurance company."

6 T H E Q U I N E C O L I CR E S E A R C H S Y M P O S I U M

The 6th Equine Colic ResearchSymposi um was held November 8-11,1998 at Athens, Georgia. Manyresearch reports were given on avariety of topics related to colic. Colicassociated with internal parasites andgastric ulcers are summarized here.I n t e r n a l p a r a s i t e s

Twenty horses with colic referredto the Liverpool University EquineHospital since 1992 were found atlaparotomy to have obstruction of thecolon associated with a mural lesionlocated in all cases in the left dorsalcolon. All cases had severe submu-cosal edema with focal to diffuseeosino-philic inflammation. The causeof the colonic lesion was not seen inany of the resected tissue, although thenature of the inflammatory reactionsuggests the possibility of parasitic in-fection. -G. B . Edwards, e t a l .

Investigation of the role of thetapewormA n o p l o c e p ha l a p e r fo l ia ta incolic has been hampered by difficultiesof diagnosis. The development of aserodiagnostic ELISA, utilizing the

host's IgG(T) response to a 12/13kDaprotein secreted by the parasite, wasdescribed. Validation of the assaydemonstrated good correlation ofELISA optical density with tapeworminfection intensity (r = 0.63). The assaywas used to evaluate tapeworminfection as a risk factor for ilealimpaction colic (as diagnosed atlaparotomy) and spasmodic colic, in amatched case-control study.Univariate analysis demonstrated oddsratios of 44 (95% C.I. 7.4) and 3 (1.3,7.5) for the risk of ileal impaction coli cand spasmodic colic respectively, inthe presence of tapeworm infection.Condi t ional logist ic regressionanalysis, using ELISA O.D. as anindicator of infection intensity,demonstrated a linear relationshipbetween infection intensity and thelog-odds of disease. It was con cludedthat tapeworms are a significant riskfactor for both types of colicinvestigated and that serodiagnosis oftapeworm infection is a usefulepidemiological tool. - C h r i s t o p h e r J .P r o u d m a n a n d S a n d y J . T re e s .

Type 2 cytokine responses, par-ticularly that of IL-4, are associatedwith protective immunity to GI nema-tode infections in murine systems. The

Lee Pharmacv, nc.4 3 0 0 G r a n d A v e n u e 9 9 F o r t S m i t h , A r k a n s a s 7 2 9 0 4

Nationwide Distributor of C om pound edVeterinary M edicationsM e d i c a t i o n si p a r a t i o n sS y s t e m s P h o n e : ( 5 0 1 ) 7 8 2 - 8 6 8 9T o ll F r e e : ( 8 0 0 ) 2 0 9 - 9 9 4 0F a x: ( 5 0 1 ) 7 8 5 - 3 6 1 3

2 6 J O U R N A L O F E Q U I N E V E T E R I N A R Y S C I E N C E

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M E E T I N G R E P O R T

d o m i n a n c e o f T y p e 1 o r T y p e 2 r e -s p o n s e s i n t h i s r e g a r d w e r e e x a m i n e di n th e e q u i n e u s i n g S t ro n g y lu s vu lg a r i si n fe c ti o n s i n im m u n e a n d n o n i m m u n ep o n ie s a s a m o d e l . G e n e e x p r e s s i o n o fI L - 2 , I L - 4 , I L - 5 , I L - 1 0 a n dI F N - g a m m a w a s q u a n t i t a ti v e l y m e a -s u re d b y a R T - Q P C R m e t h o d f o l l o w -i n g c h a l le n g e i n f e c t io n o f v a c c i n a t e da n d n a i v e p o n i e s . R N A f o r t h i s p u r p o s ew a s c o l le c t e d fr o m p e r i p h e r a l b l o o dm o n o n u c l e a r c e l l s ( P B M C ) a n d c o -l o ni c ly m p h n o d e c e l l s ( C L N C ) p r i o r t oa n d d u r i n g t h e e a r l y c o u r s e o f i n f e c -t io n . R N A w a s c o l l e c t e d f r o m c e l l si m m e d i a t e l y a f t e r r e m o v a l a n d f o l l o w -i n g i n v i t r o s t i m u l a t i o n w i t h a n t i g e n .C L N C w e r e c o l l e c t e d b y s e q u e n t i a ls u r g e ri e s a t d a y s 4 a n d 9 p o s t i n f e c t i o n .N e c r o p s ie s w e r e p e r f o r m e d o n d a y 1 4.P r i or to c h a l l e n g e v a c c i n a t e s p r o d u c e dm o r e I L - 4 a nd I L - 5 t h a n n a i v e p o n i e s .B o th C L N C a n d P B M C e x h i b i t e d aT y p e 2 c y t o k i n e r e s p o n s e f o l l o w i n g

c h a l l e n g e i n f e c t i o n i n b o t h v a c c i n a t e sa n d n a i v e p o n i e s . H o w e v e r , t h i s re -s p o n s e a p p e a r e d e a r l i e r in v a c c i n a t e st h a n i n n a i v e a n i m a l s . T h i s r e s p o n s ew a s a l s o s e e n f i r s t i n t h e C L N C . T h e s ec y t o k i n e d a t a s u p p o r t p r e v i o u s o b s e r -v a t i o n s s u g g e s t i n g t h a t t y p e 2c y t o k i n e s a r e r e s p o n s i b l e d r i v i n g t h ep r o t e c t iv e i m m u n e r e s p o n s e t o t h e sen e m a t o d e s . -T . R . Klei , e t a l .

T h e p u r p o s e o f o n e s t u d y w a s t oe v a l u a t e t h e e f f e c t o f i n f e c t i o n w i t hS t ro n g y lu s vu lg a r i s o n c l i n i c a l s i g n s ,h e m a t o l o g i c v a r i a b l e s , c y t o k i n e s , a n dp l a s m a n i t ri c o x i d e ( N O ) c o n c e n t ra -t i o n i n p a r a s i t e - f r e e p o n i e s . I t w a sf o u n d t h a t a c u t e i n f e c t i o n w i t h S. vul-g a r i s i n p a r a s i t e - f r e e p o n i e s i n d u c e s a ni n f l a m m a t o r y r e s p o n s e t h a t do e s n o ta p p e a r t o i n v o l v e s e r u m c y t o k i n e s ,h o w e v e r , a p o t e n t i a l r o l e o f N O e x i s ts .- Jerem y D . H u b er t , e t al .

A y a r d c o n t a i n i n g u p t o 7 5 A r a b i a na n d T h o r o u g h b r e d h o r s e s u s e d f o r f l a t

r a c i n g w a s s u f f e r i n g a n a b n o r m a l l yh i g h i n c i d e n c e o f c o l i c , i n c l u d i n g s e v -e r a l i l e a l i m p a c t i o n c o l i c s t h a t r e q u i r e ds u r g e ry . I t w a s c o n c l u d e d t h a t t a p e -w o r m s w e r e a n i m p o r t a n t r is k f a c to rf o r c o l i c i n t h i s p o p u l a t i o n a n d t h a ts e r o d i a g n o s is o f t a p e w o r m i n f e c ti o nc a n b e a u s e f u l c l i n i c a l t o o l. -C h r i s to -p h e r J . P r o u d m a n .

F e e d i n g o f t h e n e m a t o p h a g o u sf u n g i D u d d i n g t o n i a f l a g r a n s s p o r e sh a s b e e n d e m o n s t r a t e d t o e f f e c t i v e l yr e d u c e b u r d e n s o f e q u i n e s t r o n g y l e L 3i n c o l d t e m p e r a t e c l i m a t e s . T h e o b j e c -t i v e o f th e c u r r e n t i n v e s t i g a t i o n w a s t od e t e r m i n e t h e e f f e c t i v e n e s s o f t h i s p r o -c e d u r e i n t h e s u b t r o p i c a l c l i m a t e o fs o u t h e r n L o u i s i a n a . D u d d i n g t o n i af l a g r a n s e f f e c t i v e l y r e d u c e d t h e L 3 l a r -v a l b u r d e n s d u r i n g a l l s e a s o n s o f t h ey e a r . -M . A . B a u d en a , e t a l .

C o n t i n u e d o n p a g e 6 2

CROSSAPOL SAYSWHAT T ISCROSSAPOL shor t fo r c ross l ink a ldehydep o l ym e r , i s a b r a n d n e w h o o f h a r d e n i n gt r e a t m e n t t h a t s t r e n g t h e n s a n d o r o t e c t sthe h oof wa l l wh i le i t re s to resmois tu re ba lance . CROSSAPCw o r k i ng i m m e d i a t e l y w i t h t h en a t u r a l p r o t e i n s i n t h e h o o f t (a s t r o n g e r a n d h e a l t h i e r h o o f .protects the hoo f against excessm o i s t u r e, a n d h a r m f u lchemica ls tha t can b reak -down the na tu ra l s t reng thof the h oof wa l l . I t i s c lean ,

i i { i { i l i ~ i ' { { i ~ ! i ! j

CUSTOMERS SAY WH AT T DOES" W h e n I s a w h o w e f f ec t iv e C R O S S A P O L

w a s, I r e c o m m e n d e d i t t o a l l m y c u s t o m e r st h a t h a v e h o r s e s w i t h p r o b l e m f e e t . "

:ss, arrie r- Perk asie, PA* st e x p e r i e n c i n g o n e o f t h es e t t e s t w i n te r s e v e r in N o r t h e r nCal i fo rn ia , I can hon es t ly sayt h a t t h e h o r s e s r e c e i v i n g r e g u l a ra p p l i c at i o n s o f C R O S S A P O Lc a m e t h r o u g h w i t h st r o n g e r,h e a l t h i e r f e e t ."Blake Brown, arrier- Penryn, CA

s af e a n d e c o n o m i c a l l y p r i c e d . IHOOF INTERNA TIONAL INC.Made in the U.S.A. ~ tDistributed Exclusi'eely by Delta Horseshoe Co, Inc. 4000 Atvis Court, Rocklin, CA 95677 916-624-7181 www.deltahorseshoe.com

V olume 1 9 , Num be r 1 , 1 9 9 9 2 7

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Continued from page 27G a s t r i c u l c e r s

S h o r t c h a i n f a t t y a c i d s ( S C F A s )m a y c a u s e a c i d i n j u r y a n d s t o m a c hu l c e r a t i o n i n h o r s e s . G a s t r i c j u i c eS C F A s , p H , a n d n u m b e r a n d s e v e r i t y o fg a s t r i c l e s i o n s w e r e e v a l u a t e d i n s i xs e v e n - y e a r - o l d h o rs e s w i t h g a s t r ic c a n -h u las f ed d i f f e r en t d i e t s . H o r ses w erer a n d o m l y a s s i g n e d a b r o m e g r a s s h a yd ie t o r an a l f a l f a h ay /g ra in d i e t i n a tw op e r i o d c r o s s o v e r d e s i g n . H o r s e s w e r ef e d f o r t w o w e e k s . G a s t r i c j u i c e w a sc o l l e c t e d i m m e d i a t e l y p o s t f e e d i n g a n d1-8, 10 , 12 and 24 hours af te r feed ing ,w h i l e t h e h o r s e s f a s t e d . H o r s e s u n d e r -w e n t g a s t r o s c o p y b e f o r e b e g i n n i n ge a c h d i e t a n d a f t e r th e 2 4 - h o u r f a s t o nd a y 1 5. G a s t r i c j u i c e p H w a s m e a s u r e du s i n g a p H e l e c t r o d e . C o n c e n t r a t i o n s o fS C F A s ( ace t i c , p ro p io n i c , an d i so v a -l e r i c a c i d s ) w e r e m e a s u r e d u s i n g g a sc h r o m a t o g r a p h y . N u m b e r a n d s e v e r i t yo f g a s t ri c l e s i o n s w e r e s c o r e d b y g a s -t r o s c o p i c e x a m i n a t i o n . T h e p H o f th eg a s t r i c c o n t e n ts w a s v a r i a b l e t h r o u g h -o u t t h e 2 4 - h o u r c o l l e c t i o n p e r i o d . T h ea l f a l f a h a y / g r a in d i e t p r o d u c e d s i g n if i -c a n t l y h i g h e r p H , a c e t i c , p r o p i o n i c a n di s o v a l e r i c a c i d c o n c e n t r a t i o n s w h e nc o m p a r e d t o t h e b r o m e g r a s s h a y d i e t .N o n - g l a n d u l a r g a s t r i c l e s i o n n u m b e ran d sev e r i t y sco res w ere l o w er i n h o r sesf e d t h e a l f a l f a h a y / g r a i n d i e t w h e nc o m p a r e d t o t h e h o r s e s f e d t h eb ro m eg ra s s h ay d i e t. A l f a l f a h ay , d u e t oi t s h i g h p r o t e i n a n d c a l c i u m c o n -cen tra t ions , ma y act as a d ie tary an tacid .A l f a l f a h ay m a y h av e a p ro t ec t i v e e ff ec to n t h e n o n -g l an d u la r g as t r i c m u co sa i nhorses. -J.A. Nadeau, et al.

T o d e t e r m i n e i t s e f f e c t o n 2 4 - h o u rb a s a l a n d p e n t a g a s t r i n - s t i m u l a t e d( P G S ) g a s t r i c a c i d s e c r e t i o n , o m e p r a -z o l e ( O m e , 0 . 2 5 a n d 1 .0 m g / k g , I M ) o rsa l i n e w as ad m in i s t e r ed O n ce t o f i v ead u l t h o r ses w i th ch ro n ic g as t r i c can -n u l a s i n a t h r e e - p e r i o d c r o s s o v e r d e -s i gn . G a s t r i c ju i c e w a s c o l l e c t e d f r o mt h e c a n n u l a e v e r y 1 5 m i n u t e s d u r i n g

t h e f o l l o w i n g f o u r p e r i o d s , 4 5 m i n u t e sb e f o r e a n d c o n t i n u i n g f o r t w o h o u r sa f t e r O m e a d m i n i s t r a t i o n a n d 5 - 7 ,1 0 - 1 2 a n d 2 2 - 2 4 h o u r s a f t e r O m e a d -m i n i s t r a t i o n . B a s a l s e c r e t i o n w a s d e -t e r m i n e d d u r i n g t h e f i r s t h o u r o f c o l l e c -t i o n an d P G S (8 g g /k g /h , IV , co n t in u -o u s i n f u s i o n ) s e c r e t i o n w a sd e t e r m i n e d d u r i n g t h e s e c o n d h o u r .G a s t r i c j u i c e p H a n d t o t a l a c i d o u t p u t( T A G ) w e r e d e t e r m i n e d i n e a c h 1 5 m i ns a m p l e . M e a n b a s a l g a s t r i c j u i c e p Hin c reased f ro m 3 . 1 i n sa l i n e t r ea t edh o r ses t o 4 .1 a f t e r 0 . 2 5 m g /k g an d to6 . 2 a f t e r 1. 0 m g / k g o f O m e . M e a n P G Sg a s t r i c j u i c e p H i n c r e a s e d f r o m 3 . 0 insa l i n e t r ea t ed h o r ses t o 3 . 8 an d 6 . 5 i nh o r ses t r ea t ed w i th 0 .2 5 m g /k g an d 1 .0m g /k g , r e sp ec t iv e ly . M ean s t im u la t edT A O w as i n h ib i t ed (p < 0 . 0 1 ) b y 6 2 an d9 2 % , 2 4 h o u r s a f t e r O m e ad m in i s t r a t i o na t 0 . 2 5 m g /k g an d 1 . 0 m g /k g , r e sp ec -t ively . Ome s ign if ican t ly and in a dosed ep en d en t m an n er d ec reases T A O an din c reases t h e g as t ri c p H fo r 2 4 h o u r s a f t e ra s i n g l e IM d o se . T h e IM ro u te m ay b e ap rac t i ca l w ay o f ad m in i s t e r in g O m e fo rt r ea tm en t o f g as t r i c u l ce r d i sease i nhorses . -A. Sandin, e t al.

P e p t i c u l c e r d i s e a s e i s a n i m p o r -t an t c l i n i ca l en t i t y i n fo a l s . T h e w id e -s p r e a d u s e o f a c i d - s u p p r e s s i n g a g e n t si n t h e f a c e o f l im i t e d e x p e r i m e n t a l d a t aw as t h e s t im u lu s fo r t h e cu r r en t s t u d y.T h e a i m s i n c l u d e d 1 ) c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o no f i n t r a g a s t r i c p H p r o f i l e s a n dr e s p o n s e t o r a n i t id i n e ( 2 m g / k g , I V o r6 . 6 m g / k g , P O ) i n n o r m a l n e o n a t a lfo a l s ; an d 2 ) co n t r a s t i n g t h ese p ro f i l e st o t h o s e i n a g e - m a t c h e d s i c k f o a l s .I n t r a g a s t r i c p H w a s m e a s u r e d i n a l la n i m a l s u s i n g a d i s p o s a b l e a n t i m o n ye l e c t r o d e a n d p o r t a b l e m o n i t or . I n s i xn o r m a l f o a l s t h e m e a n h o u r l y p Hr a n g e d f r o m 3 . 2 t o 3 .7 f o r b a s e l i n eh o u r s a n d w a s s i g n i f ic a n t l y r a is e d f o rh o u r s 1 -5 ( IV ) an d 2 -8 (o ra l ) a f t e rt r e a t m e n t (JAVMA 2 1 2 :1 4 0 7 , 1 9 9 8 ) .M i l k i n t a k e h a d a m a r k e d , b u t t r a n s i e n ta l k a l i n i z i n g e f f e c t o n p H . T h e p H i ns i c k f o a l s ( 1 1 = 1 4 ) v a r i e d w i d e l y a n d

w a s i n f l u e n c e d b y d i s e a s e t y p e , a b i l i t yt o a m b u l a t e , a n d m i l k i n ta k e . F o a l s t h a tw e r e c h r o n i c a l l y r e c u m b e n t f r e q u e n t l ym a i n t a i n e d a h i g h p H , p o s s i b l y d u e t oi l eu s an d en t e ro g as t r i c r e f l u x . In co n -t r a s t , f o a l s t h a t co u ld s t an d an d w a lkw i t h o u t a s s i s t a n c e h a d p H p r o f i l e s b e -fo re an d a f t e r r an i t i d in e (2 m g /k g , IV , Q8 h) t h a t m i m i c k e d t h a t o f h e a l t h y c o -h o r t s . ( S u p p o r t e d i n p a r t b y M e r i a l ,In c . ) -L. C. Sanchez, et al.

T h o r o u g h b r e d r a c e h o r s e s s e l e c t e da t r a n d o m w e r e e x a m i n e d f o r g a s t r i cu l c e r s b y e n d o s c o p y o n o n e t o s i x o c c a -s io n s. T h e m u c o s a o f th e s t o m a c h o fe a c h h o r s e w a s s c o r e d f o r u l c e r s o n as c a l e f r o m 0 ( n o u l c e r s ; n o r m a l m u -co sa ) t o 4 ( sev e re u l ce ra t i o n , w i th a tl eas t 5 d eep l e s io n s ) . A t t h e i r f i r s te x a m , T h o r o u g h b r e d h o r s e s i n r a c et r a i n i n g h a d a n a v e r a g e u l c e r s c o r e o f1 .1 . T w e n t y - o n e o f t h e 5 3 h o r s e s h a dc o m p l e t e l y n o r m a l m u c o s a . M a l e s ( in -c l u d i n g m a l e c a s t r a t e s ) h a d s l i g h t l yh i g h e r a v e r a g e u l c e r s c o r e s ( 1 .2 ) t h a nf e m a l e s ( 1 .0 ) , a n d t w o - y e a r - o l d h o r s e sh a d l o w e r s c o r e s ( 0 . 7 ) t h a n o l d e rh o r s e s ( 1 . 4 ). E a c h o f t h e s e a v e r a g es c o r e s w a s s i g n i f i c a n t l y ( p < 0 . 0 5 )g r e a t e r t h a n z e r o ; t h e r e w a s n o s i g n i f i -c a n t d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n m a l e s a n d f e -m a l e s , o r b e t w e e n a g e g r o u p s . F o r t h eh o r s e s e x a m i n e d t w o o r m o r e t i m e s ,t h e a v e r a g e e x a m s c o r e o n a l l s u b s e -q u e n t e x a m s w a s h i g h e r t h a n t h e f i r s te x a m s c o r e o v e r a l l , f o r e a c h s e x , a n df o r e a c h a g e g ro u p . T h e a v e r a g e c h a n g ef r o m p r e v i o u s e x a m ( o f t h e s a m eh o r s e ) w a s s i g n i f i c a n t l y g r e a t e r t h a nz e r o , r e p r e s e n t in g a w o r s e n i n g o f u l c e rs c o r e s , o v e r a l l ( p < 0 .0 5 ) a n d f o r m a l e s( p < 0 : 1 0 ) a n d t h r e e - y e a r - o l d h o r s e s(p < 0 . 0 5 ) . -James A. Orsini.

O m e p r a z o l e ( 1 . 0 m g / k g ) , as" d e l a y e d - r e l e a s e " e n t er i c c o a t e dg r a n u l e s i n c a p s u l e s, w a s a d m i n i s t e r e dto 5 h o r ses w i th g as t r i c can n u las t od e t e r m i n e i t s e f f e c t o n g a s t r i c a c i d o u t -p u t ( m m o l H + ) , p H , a n d v o l u m e .O m e p r a z o l e g r an u l e s w e r e m i x e d w i t hc o r n s y r u p ( 1 2 m l ) a n d a d m i n i s t e r e d

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done on t he 1s t and 5 t h d ay o f dos i ng .Gas tr ic j u i ce s am pl es wer e co l l ec t edeve r y 15 mi nu t es f r om t he cannu l as tar ting f ive hours af ter adm inis t ra t io nof omepr azo l e . Basa l s ec r e t i on w as d e -t er mined i n t he f i r s t hou r o f co l l ec t i onf ol lowed by a t wo - hou r de t e r m i na t i onof pen t agast r in ( 6gg / kg / h r ) s t i mul a t edsecret ion. P lac ebo s tud ies we re car r ie dou t i n t he s ame ho r ses f o r co mp ar i son .I Mean basal and s t im ulated g as t r ic acidou tpu t wer e i nh i b i t ed by 80% a f t e r t hef i f t h da i l y dose o f omepr azo l e . M ean

[ basa l and s t i mu l a t ed gas t r i c j u i ce pHwas g r ea t er t han 4 .5 by t he f i f t h day o fomepr azo l e t r ea t ment . Gas t r i c j u i ceVolume was no t s i gn i f i can t l y e f f ec t e d

] by omepr azo l e tr ea t ment . O me pr azo l e ,a s " d e l a y e d - r e l e a s e " e n t e r i c c o a t e dgranules in capsules , given oral ly incorn sy r up s i gn i f i can t l y i nh i b i t ed basa l

and s t i mul a t ed gas t r i c ac i d s ec r e t i ona n d i n c r e a s e d g a s t r i c j u i c e p H i n h o r s e sb y t h e 5 t h d a y o f a d m i n i s tr a ti o n . T h ec u r r e n t " d e l a y e d - r e l e a s e " g r a n u l epr epa r a t i on o f ome pr azo l e ( P r i l osec in )i s no t inac t i va t ed wh en g i ve n o r a l l y t oh o r s e s a n d c a n b e u s e d i n t h e t r e a tm e n to f g a s t ri c u l c e r s y n d r o m e . - F r a n kA n d r e w s , e t a l .

T h i s d o s e t i t r a t i o n s t u d y w a sd e s i g n e d t o d e t e r m i n e a n e f f e c t i v e d o s eo f o r a l o m e p r a z o l e f o r t h e t r e a tm e n t o fe x p e r i m e n t a l l y - i n d u c e d g a s t ri c u l c e rs .T h e g a s t r i c m u c o s a w a s e x a m i n e d b yv i d e o e n d o s c o p y i n w e a n l i n g h o r s e su n d e r x y l a z i n e / k e t a m i n e a n e s t h e s i a .A n e n d o s c o p i c s c o r i n g s y s t e m w a s u t i -l i z ed t o s c o r e b o t h n u m b e r a n d s e v e r i t yof gas t r i c u l ce r s i n t he g l andu l a r andn o n g l a n d u l a r m u c o s a . F lu n i x i nm e g l u m i n e w a s t h e n a d m i n i s t e r e d a t1 .0 mg/ kg I V , T I D f o r 10 days andgas t r i c s cor i ng r epea t ed . Af t e r f l un i x i n

admi n i s t r a t i on , 92 hor ses w i t h gas t r i cu l c e r a t io n w e r e d i v i d e d i n to g r o u p s o ff our w i t h s i mi l a r gas t r i c s cor es . E achh o r s e i n t h e g r o u p o f f o u r w a s t h e nr a n d o m l y a s s i g n e d t o r e c e i v e e i t h e rp l a c e b o , 1 .0 , 2 .0 , o r 4 .0 m g / k go m e p r a z o l e P O o n c e d a i l y f o r 2 8 d a y s .O m e p r a z o l e w a s a d m i n i s t e r e d a s a nor a l ge l p r epa r a t i on . Gas t r i c s cor i ngw a s r e p e a t e d a t d a y s 1 4 a n d 2 8 o fo m e p r a z o l e t r e a t m e n t . A f t e r t w ow e e k s o f tr e a t m e n t o n l y t h e 4 .0 m g / k gg r o u p h a d s i g n i f i c a n t l y m o r e h o r s e sw i t h c o m p l e t e g a s t ri c h e a l i n g t h a n t h ep l a c e b o g r o u p . A t f o u r w e e k s o f t r ea t -ment t he r e was s i gn i f i can t l y g r ea t e rhea l i ng i n a l l t h r ee om epr az o l e t r ea t edgr oups . L es i ons i n t he g l andu l a r por -t i o n o f t h e s t o m a c h h e a l e d r a p i d l y i n a llg r o u p s . H e a l i n g w i t h o m e p r a z o l e a p -p e a r e d t o b e t im e a n d d o s e d e p e n d e n t .- C . G . M a c A l l i s t e r , e t a l .

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