1 Role of Safety & Security in Sustainable Development

11

Role of Safety & Security in

Sustainable Development

22

Threats on Planet Earth

Cause

Population Explosion

Uncontrolled desire for various industrial products


Agriculture & Fertilisers

Safety & Security

Safety Practices in Industry

Security of Industrial Set ups

Security during Transportation

Conclusion

Effects

Environmental degradation

Climate change

33

Experts Viewpoint



Safety & Security




Conclusion

“ If everybody on earth live like today,

It would take at least two

additional earth to produce the resources,

absorb the waste and otherwise

maintain life-support”.

“ Manmade hazards causing irreversible

damage to biosphere”.

44

Challenges for Sustainable Development

Climate Change

Biodiversity losses

Resource scarcity

Water and Air pollution



Safety & Security




Conclusion

“ Present activities has outpaced the nature’s

capacity to purify it and sustain

its intrinsic strength”.

55


“Sustainable Development is an absolute

prerequisite if a higher percentage

of the World population has to enjoy

a high standard of living without gobbling

up all resources and life-support

systems of our planet

in a short time”.



Safety & Security




Conclusion

66

Pillars of Sustainable Development

Sustainable Development comprises of three main

elements which have to be balanced. Often

summarized as three “Pillars”:

Profit : Economic Prosperity

Planet : Environmental Quality

People : Social Equity



Safety & Security




Conclusion

77

Role of Safety and Security in Sustainable Development

“To meet the challenges of our times,

human beings will have to develop

a greater sense of responsibility.

Each of us must learn to work

not just for oneself,

one’s own family or nation,

but for the benefits of all humankind”.

Universal Responsibility is the key to Sustainable Development



Safety & Security




Conclusion

88

Population growth affecting Sustainable Development

Global Population - 9 Billion By 2050 and 6 Billion in 1999

Population Statistic

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050

Year

Po

pu

lati

on

in

Bil

lio

n

Population in Billions

Global Population growth is the fastest in the world’s poorest regions, placing even more pressure on their consumption of vital natural resources like water and food.



Safety & Security




Conclusion

99

Increase in Global Cereal Production

Demand met by Increase in fertilizer consumption

Global Cereal Production -2.21 Billion MT in 2008 and 1.9 Billion in 1999



Safety & Security




Conclusion

1010

Stress on harvested land…

Increasing land stress and unsustainable development



Safety & Security




Conclusion

1111

Stress on harvested land

Agricultural Productivity is the only solution to

combat unsustainability



Safety & Security




Conclusion

1212

World Fertilizer Consumption

On Average Increase in Fertiliser Consumption



Safety & Security




Conclusion

1313

Sustainable Development of Fertilizer

The fertilizer industry is concerned about the issues involved in the

manufacture of its products and use of

products.

Aim of fertilizer industry should be to provide a workplace with high standards of health & safety of

employees as well as security of enterprise.



Safety & Security




Conclusion

1414

“Safety during production process and product

Usage are of Paramount importance”.

Safety in Sustainable Development

“Sustainable Development

can be achieved by increased level of safety

with respect to production processes,

the products and usage of these products…”



Safety & Security




Conclusion

1515

Attack on Establishments

Security in Sustainable Development

World Trade Tower, NY – September 11

Mumbai Terror Attack, India – November 26

“Attack on establishments has raised fear.

Security during Transportation and units handling

Hazardous chemicals are of prime concern”



Safety & Security




Conclusion

1616

Safety and Security in Sustainable Development

Errors are Internal

Threats are External

Each must be managed in order to

achieve Sustainable Development



Safety & Security




Conclusion

1717

Role of Safety and Security in Sustainable Development

“Safety & Security are twin brothers to combat

the evil of hazard while reliability and

surveillance are tools to combat hazard &

Security threats.”



Safety & Security




Conclusion

1818

Initiatives Taken in Fertilizer Industries

Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) policy

initiated by International Fertilizer Association.

Security code of Management Practices for the

fertilizer industry initiated by “The Fertilizer

Institute” (TFI)

Responsible Care® charter of International

Council of Chemical Association (ICCA)

RC 14001: 2005 incorporates all requirements

of ISO 14001: 2004 as well as the requirements

of the Responsible Care® code.



Safety & Security




Conclusion

1919

Responsible Care Principles



Safety & Security




Conclusion

Protect the environment & the health and safety of employees & the public.

Development of responsible laws, regulations and standards that safeguard the community, workplace and environment.

Product stewardship.

Community awareness & emergency response

Considering resource conservation critical for all new and existing products and processes.

Performance monitoring and feedback

2020

Safety in Industry

Safety in Industry Safety means protection of

Humans

Plants & Machinery

Surrounding Environment

Gains obtained by ignoring safety aspects are for short terms and not sustainable.



Safety & Security




Conclusion

“Developing and providing Sustainable Technologies

results in Sustainable Development and improved

Profits.

2121

Negligence of Safety - Reduced Profits

Safety Incidents necessitates Indirect costs

Social Impact

Morale effect

Interruption

Investigation

Corrective Action

Environmental Damage



Safety & Security




Conclusion

2222

Implement Safety - A Win-Win Situation

Safety Practices – Return on Investment

ReducedInsurance Premium

ReducedWorker

Compensation

Liability &LitigationExpense

Increased Productivity

Worker Morale

Decrease in absenteeism

Equipment downtime



Safety & Security




Conclusion

2323

Safety Accidents

Industrial Accidents

Reason Impact

Terra Industries Inc.

Port Neal, Iowa

Inadequate indication of

Process condition

Release of Ammonia.

More then 20 employees affected

Chernobyl Nuclear Plant,

Ukraine

Inadequate knowledge of

process as well as safety parameters

$ 200 Billion

More then 1 Lakh people affected

Bhopal Gas Tragedy, India

Negligence in safety

$ 500 Million

More then 20,000 people affected

Operator Performance plays a crucial role in Safe

plant operation



Safety & Security




Conclusion

2424

Safety is Efficiency

Safety Management = Risk Management

Risk Control Cost Control

Cost Control Efficiency

Efficiency = Productivity

Productivity = Profit



Safety & Security




Conclusion

2525

“Safety will become a key facilitator and efficiency Differentiator

between organizations those provide

ostensibly comparable production”

Safety – A necessity for Sustainable Development

“ In a Competitive Market

No Profit, no future (or Development)

No efficiency, no profit

No safety, no efficiency (or Sustainability)”

Safety is must for Sustainable Development.



Safety & Security




Conclusion

2626

Risk in Fertilizer Units

Natural Gas

Naphtha

Ammonia

Other highly flammable gases viz. Carbon mono-

oxide, Methane and Hydrogen

Chemicals Handled in Ammonia-Urea PlantsSustainable Development


Safety & Security




Conclusion

2727

Tools ensuring Safety

Risk Assessment

HAZOP Study

Effective Disaster Management

Plan

Generate Public awareness by

involvement of local government,

NGO’s and public.



Safety & Security




Conclusion

2828

Safety at IFFCO Units

IFFCO: Roadmap of Safety Management System

Leadership (Key part of Senior Management)

Training (Awareness)

Learning from accidents

Safety Audits

Non-punitive Reporting System



Safety & Security




Conclusion

2929

Safety – A firm feature of IFFCO Management

Achievements in 2008

National Safety Award – 1st Prize for Accident Free Year - 2006

Runner up for Lowest Average Accident Frequency Rate for Year – 2004,2005 and 2006

Adaptation of safety management system (OHSAS -18001)

OHSAS

18001



Safety & Security




Conclusion

3030

IFFCO - On Path of Reduced Accidents

Safety Statistic of IFFCO

Kandla Total

Kalol Total

Aonla Total

Phulpur Total

IFFCO Total

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

351

97

4

19

75

19

76

19

77

19

78

19

79

19

80

19

81

19

82

19

83

19

84

19

85

19

86

19

87

19

88

19

89

19

90

19

91

19

92

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

Nu

mb

er

of

accid

en

t

Kandla Total Kalol Total Aonla Total Phulpur Total IFFCO Total



Safety & Security




Conclusion

3131

Plant Security in Sustainable Development…

Terrorism is a very old threat to

established Societies. Attack on

Establishments is the tactic to affect the

masses in all forms.

No Nation is Immune to TerrorismSustainable Development


Safety & Security




Conclusion

3232

Plant Security in Sustainable Development

Disrupt government, industry operations and impact economy & society

Result in large-scale human casualties, property destruction, and damage to national prestige as well as public confidence

Attack on Establishments couldSustainable Development


Safety & Security




Conclusion

3333

Trends in Chemical Terrorism

Establishments Year Chemical Used

World Trade Centre, New York

Feb26, 1993

Urea nitrate

Petrochemia Kutina, Croatia

Sep23, 1993

Attack on Fertilizer Plant

Murrah Federal Building, Oklahoma City

Apr19, 1995

Ammonium nitrate

Khobar Towers, Saudi Arabia

Jun25, 1996

Gasoline & Exp. powder

Café District, Bali, Indonesia

Oct12, 2002

Ammonium nitrate



Safety & Security




Conclusion

3434

Risk at Fertiliser Units…

Chemicals Involved

Ammonia

Urea – Strong oxidizer, promotes explosive

reaction with organic materials.

Ammonium Nitrate – Strong oxidant that

reacts with combustible and reducing

material.



Safety & Security




Conclusion

3535

Risk at Fertiliser Units

Criticalities

Ammonia - Methamphetamines' (Illegal Drug)

Urea – As explosive

Ammonium Nitrate – A typical Explosive

Ammonia alone is used in about 1/3rd of all

Risk Management Program chemical Process



Safety & Security




Conclusion

3636

Tools Ensuring Plant Security

Threat Analysis

Vulnerability Analysis

Assessment of Severity of Harm

Mitigation & Emergency Plan



Safety & Security




Conclusion

3737

World Fertiliser Trade 2008e

India Major importer –

Ranks 1st

Main Shipping Channel

– Gulf of Aden

World Fertiliser Trade (Million MT)

Constituents 2007 2008 e

Seaborne

Ammonia

16.8 16.3

Urea 36.4 34.0

Phosphate Rock 31.3 31.9

Phosphoric Acid 4.7 4.4

Processed

Phosphate

10.5 9.5

Potash- MOP 45 43

Sulphur 30 27.6Source : IFA November 2008 (e: estimate)



Safety & Security




Conclusion

3838

Maritime Terrorism – Worrisome

An alternate means of causing economic

destabilization.

Most critical – Ammonium Nitrate in wrong

hands.

Hijacking of ShipsSustainable Development


Safety & Security




Conclusion

3939

Conclusion…

Policy are in place but lacks implementation.

It’s the time that principles laid down must be

transformed into action, action must deliver

result and progress towards result must be

measurable.

“Sustainability is a long term commitment

that requires concrete action now.”



Safety & Security



Conclusion

4040

Conclusion

Be Aware

Be Alert

Be Alive

“Live as if you were to die tomorrow.

Learn as if you were to live forever.”



Safety & Security



Conclusion

4141

Thank You!

Documents

1 Role of Safety & Security in Sustainable Development