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QUALITY ASSURING QUALITY ASSURING HIGHER EDUCATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN
MALAYSIA :MALAYSIA : THE MALAYSIAN THE MALAYSIAN QUALIFICATIONS AGENCY QUALIFICATIONS AGENCY
(MQA)(MQA)
QUALITY ASSURING QUALITY ASSURING HIGHER EDUCATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN
MALAYSIA :MALAYSIA : THE MALAYSIAN THE MALAYSIAN QUALIFICATIONS AGENCY QUALIFICATIONS AGENCY
(MQA)(MQA)Malaysian Qualifications AgencyMalaysian Qualifications Agency
13-15 November 2009 13-15 November 2009 Legend Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaLegend Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION TO HIGHER EDUCATION IN TO HIGHER EDUCATION IN
MALAYSIAMALAYSIA
In the last two decades, Malaysian higher education has gone through a metamorphosis.
• its colonial economy towards knowledge based economy,(now high income economy)
• Massification• Malaysia an “international meeting
place of the minds-regional hub”.• Human capital focus
Higher education, a Higher education, a regulated fieldregulated field
• Education Act 1996• Private Higher Educational Institutions Act
1996 (Amended 2009)• Universities and University Colleges Act 1971
(amended 2009)• National Council on Higher Education Act
1996• National Higher Education Funding Act 1997 • Lembaga Akreditasi Negara Act 1996
(Repealed) and replaced with the Malaysian Qualifications Agency 2007
National Higher Education National Higher Education Strategic Plans 2007-2020Strategic Plans 2007-2020
The Seven Strategic Thrusts-The Seven Strategic Thrusts-• Widening Access and Increasing Equity • Improving the Quality of Teaching and
Learning • Intensifying Research and Innovation • Strengthening of Higher Education
Institutions (HEIs)• Intensifying Internationalisation• Enculturation of Lifelong Learning • Reinforcing MoHE Delivery System
Higher Education and Human Resource Development in
Malaysia• Ministry of Higher
Education (MOHE)• Post SPM or O levels• Public universities (20) • Private universities (44)• Polytechnics (25)• Private Colleges (500+)• Community Colleges
(40)• 900,000 students
(includes 69,164 international students)
Others :• Ministry of
Education–Pre-school, Primary secondary education Teachers Colleges
• Ministry of Human Resource Development -Skills Training
• Others includes Defence, Health, Youth & Culture,
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• 1997 National Accreditation Board (Lembaga Akreditasi Negara, LAN) was est. for QA of programmes in the private higher education sector
• 2002-Quality assurance (audit) division in the Ministry was setup for public universities
• MQA was established under the Malaysian Qualifications Agency Act 2007 (1//11/07)
• The merger of LAN and the QAD provides for a common quality assurance platform.
• It symbolizes the maturing Malaysian higher education, changing government’s policies, trends and societal needs and the need to strengthen and consolidate.
• Other bodies playing a very important role higher education is the Depeartment of public service and the statutory profesional bodies
REPOSITIONING QUALITY REPOSITIONING QUALITY ASSURANCE IN MALAYSIAASSURANCE IN MALAYSIA
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THE MQA IN OPERATIONTHE MQA IN OPERATION
• The Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA) aspires to become a credible and internationally recognized higher education quality assurance body that inspires the confidence of its stakeholders through competent, responsible, accountable and transparent good practices.
• The main role of the MQA is to be the guardian of the Malaysian Qualifications Framework (MQF) as a reference point for national qualifications, and to oversee quality assurance practices and accreditation of national higher education.
• A Council, accreditation committees and executive arm
• Accountable to Minister for Higher Education
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MQA’S CORE ACTIVITIES MQA’S CORE ACTIVITIES • to implement the Malaysian Qualifications
Framework (MQF)
• to develop standards and criteria, generic and by disciplines, as reference for conferment of awards
• to quality assure higher education programmes
and institutions • to perform function as a national information
centre-registry of accredited qualifications in the Malaysian Qualifications Register (MQR)
• Others – Self -accrediting inst. certification, Rating (SETARA0 & Academic performance audit
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• Benchmarked against international best practices
• Quality assurance in Malaysian higher education with a developmental approach
• Ensuring compliance to the MQF• Enhancing institutional effectiveness • Voluntariness, independence (decision
making), objective, fair, transparent and collaborative approach
• Peer assessment • Evidence based
Principles and values Principles and values
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THE MALAYSIAN THE MALAYSIAN QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK
(MQF)(MQF)• The Malaysian Qualifications The Malaysian Qualifications
Framework (MQF) classifies Framework (MQF) classifies higher higher education qualifications education qualifications based on a set based on a set of nationally agreed and internationally of nationally agreed and internationally benchmarked set of criteria that clarifies benchmarked set of criteria that clarifies the academic the academic levelslevels, , learning outcomes learning outcomes and and creditcredit system based on student system based on student academic load. It academic load. It integrates all integrates all national national qualifications and provides qualifications and provides pathwayspathways that link them systematically.that link them systematically.
• Supporting Outcomes-Based educationSupporting Outcomes-Based education
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MQF: QUALIFICATION LEVELS MQF: QUALIFICATION LEVELS AND PATHWAYSAND PATHWAYS
LIFE LONG LEARNING
SCHOOL CERT
HIGHER SCHOOL CERT;
FOUNDATION(50)
MATRICULATION
Academic
DOCTORAL
MASTERS(40)
BACHELORS (120C)
POSTGRAD CERT
& DIPLOMA
GRADUATE CERT
& DIPLOMA
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2
3
4
5
6
7
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APEL
Skill Qualfications
ADV DIPLOMA
SKILLS DIPLOMA
SKILLS CERT
Vocationa l and
Technical
ADV DIPLOMA
(40C)
TECH & VOC (90C)
DIPLOMA
TECH & VOC CERTIFICATE
(60C)
LIFE LONG LEARNING
LEVELS
CREDITS
NOMENCLATURE
04/19/23 12pzv
6. Information
management and lifelong
learning skill
4.Managerial and entrepreneurial skills
8. Practical skills
1.Knowledge 2.Values, attitudes and
professionalism
3. Problem solving and
scientific skills 7.Social skills and responsibilities
5. Communications, leadership
and team skills
*8
Learner centred /LLLEach level – generic learning outcomes descriptors 8 domains
Credits and Learning Credits and Learning Outcomes Outcomes
• Credits for quantitative academic load and student learning time
• Planning in curriculum-T &L activities (relative value to components-currency)
• Learner centered-volume of learning to achieve generic level and program learning outcomes
• Credit transfer system – connecting to other Credit Systems
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Uphold the Malaysian Qualifications Uphold the Malaysian Qualifications FrameworkFramework
• PROVISIONAL ACCREDITATIONPROVISIONAL ACCREDITATION – is the complying with quality requirements to obtain approval and to conduct the programme. A candidacy for full accreditation ; subject to monitoring
• FINAL / FULL ACCREDITATIONFINAL / FULL ACCREDITATION is the formal certification that the awards conferred by the higher education institution are in accordance with the set standards
• AUDIT- for various purpose; programme maintenance, registeration of programmes, thematic audit, or full institutional audit
THE QA FRAMEWORK- THE QA FRAMEWORK- Accreditation And AuditAccreditation And Audit
9 areas –Quality 9 areas –Quality Assurance StandardsAssurance Standards
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Partnering and associations in Partnering and associations in Quality AssuranceQuality Assurance
Assessors and expert groups Close consultation and collaboration with internal and
external stakeholders professional bodies, Higher education providers Students Agencies Ministries
Regulated and non regulated professional Bodies
QA bodies collaborations- confidence and acceptance (staff exchange, internships and workshops)
Regional network AQAN (ASEAN Quality Assurance Network), OIC and international associations (INQAAHE and APQN)
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Challenges
• Transition period begins in 2009• QA body responding to rapid
social-economic and institutional changes
• Professionalism• Volume• Dealing with diversity• Stakeholders growth and support
