1 Promoting Off-the-Job Safety: It Makes $ense! [Insert your company name or logo here and delete this text.] February 2006

1

Promoting Off-the-Job Safety:

It Makes $ense!

[Insert your company name or logo hereand delete this text.]

February 2006

2

Off-the-Job Injuries:

What’s the national

situation?

3

Sources Injury Facts® 2005-2006

EditionBureau of Labor

StatisticsNational Highway

Traffic Safety Administration

Most current data available – 2004, 2003, or 2002 – depending on the source

4

What does “off-the-job” mean?Not on the job Includes –

People employed (full- or part-time) but not at work

Excludes – Children Persons keeping house full time Retired Unemployed Other persons not in the labor force

5

“Off-the-job” or “non-work” injuries?Off-the-job includes the part of

Motor-vehicleHome and Communityinvolving workers away from work

Non-work includes all ofMotor-vehicleHome and Community

6

Off-the-Job Challenge

141 million workers at risk44,100 worker OTJ deaths6.8 million worker OTJ disabling

injuries$193.6 billion in OTJ costs to society

Source: Injury Facts, 2005-2006 Ed.

7

OTJ Compared to On the Job

8

OTJ Compared to On the Job

On-The-Job141 million

workers at risk4,952 on-the-job

deaths3.7 million

disabling injuries$142.2 billion in

costs to society

Off-the-Job141 million

workers at risk44,100 worker OTJ

deaths6.8 million worker

OTJ disabling injuries

$193.6 billion in OTJ costs to society


9

Off vs On the Job Deaths – 9:1

44,100

4,9520

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

Deaths

On-the-JobOff-the-Job


10

Off vs On the Job Injuries – 1.8:1

3,700,000

6,800,000

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

Disabling Injuries



11

Off vs On the Job Costs – 1.4:1

$142.2

$193.6

$0

$50

$100

$150

$200

Costs

(Billions)



12

OTJ Compared toAll Unintentional Injuries

13

Unintentional Injuries111,000 deaths2.8 million hospitalized10.9 million outpatient department

visits23.2 million disabling injuries40.2 million emergency department

visits99.9 million physicians’ office visits

Source: National Safety Council and National Center for Health Statistics

14

Unintentional InjuriesEach year 1 in 12

people are affected by an episode of injury

Source: National Center for Health Statistics

15

Costs of Injuries

$574.8 billion$5,100 per household$2,000 per personPaid…

directly out of pocket, andhigher prices for goods and services,

andhigher taxes


16

Unintentional Injuries

#1 cause of death for people 1 to 40 years old

#5 cause of death for all ages


17

Leading Causes of Death, 2002

Heart disease 696,947Cancer 557,271Stroke 162,672Chronic lower respiratory disease 124,816Unintentional injuries 106,742

Source: National Center for Health Statistics

18

Average Age at Death andRemaining Lifetime

77 7180 76

50

10 159 11

31

0102030405060708090

HeartDisease

Cancer Stroke CLRD* U-I

Years

AverageRemainingLifetimeAverage Ageat Death

Source: NSC estimates based on 2002 NCHS data. * Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease

19

What the previous graph means

People who die from unintentional injuries are, on average, 20 to 30 years younger than people who die from other leading causes of death.

They are still working.They are still raising families.Would have lived, on average,

another 31 years.

20

Unintentional-Injury Deathsby Venue, U.S., 2004

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

Highway Home/Community Workplace

Nonworkers

Workers


21

Nonfatal Injuriesby Venue, U.S., 2004

0

5,000,000

10,000,000

15,000,000

20,000,000


Nonworkers

Workers


22

Unintentional Injury Costsby Venue, U.S., 2004

$0

$50

$100

$150

$200

$250


Billions

Nonworkers

Workers


23

The Off-the-Job Challenge

What are the priority safety issues?

24

Highway Venue

25

294 Million People at Risk

46,200 people killed in crashes 2.4 million disabling injuries$240.6 billion in costs to society


26

Motor-Vehicle Deaths

56% are Workers2,100

23,900

20,200 ON-the-jobOFF-the-jobOthers


27

Highway Safety Issues

Driver skills, attitudes & behaviors>60% of crashes

Alcohol16,700 alcohol-related deaths

Occupant protection>16,000 deaths of unrestrained

occupants

Note that there is some duplication among these categories.

28


Driver skills, attitudes & behaviorsAlcoholLack of occupant protectionLarge trucks –5,000 deaths

4,000 are occupants of other vehicles

Pedestrians – 5,900 deaths

29

Fatal Crashes per Million Vehicle-Miles

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

16 17 18 19 20- 25-30- 35- 40- 45- 50-55- 60- 65- 70-75- 80-85+

Age of Driver


Source: NHTSA Research Note. Crash Data and Rates for Age-Sex Groups of Drivers, 1996. January 1998.

Young Drivers

Elderly Drivers

30

Home & Community Venue

31

Home & Community Venue

62,100 deaths17,200,000 disabling injuries$212.4 billion107 million households

Source: Injury Facts, 2005-2006 Ed., and US Census Bureau

32

Home & Community Deaths

33% are Workers

41,900

20,200

WorkersNon-workers


33

Home & Community Deaths

0

4,000

8,000

12,000

16,000

20,000

Falls Poisoning Choking* Drowning Fire

Age 65+Age 15-64Age 0-14

*Inhalation or ingestion of food or object.Source: Injury Facts, 2005-2006 Ed.

34

Risk Factors – Falls

Age – young, oldCoordinationResistance to injury

Environmental conditionsHard surfacesSlippery surfaces, footwearUnstable walking/working surfacesUnguarded heights

35

Risk Factors – Poisoning

Accessibility of substancesOverdose or improper use of

medicationsTaking with alcoholUse of illegal drugs

36

Risk Factors – Drowning

Falling into waterUnable to swimHypothermiaExhaustionWater speed and depth

37

Risk Factors – Choking

Alcohol useDenturesProblems chewing/swallowingSmall parts, food pieces

38

Risk Factors – Fires

Lack of working smoke detectorsImproper use of smoking materialsUnattended cookingFaulty heating equipmentAge – young, old

39

Risk Factors – Burns

Domestic hot waterHot objects, steamFlammable fabricsAlcohol use

40

Where the Nation Is Today

41

Venue Trends

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

Workplace

Death Rate Indexes (1992=100)Workplace death rate* down 17%.

Source: Injury Facts, 2005-2006 Ed. *Deaths per 100,000 workers.

42

Venue Trends

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

HighwayWorkplace

Death Rate Indexes (1992=100) Highway death rate* down 14%.

Source: Injury Facts, 2005-2006 Ed. *Deaths per 100,000,000 VMT.

43

Venue Trends

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

Home &CommunityHighway

Workplace

Death Rate Indexes (1992=100)Home & Community death rate* up 26%.

Source: Injury Facts, 2005-2006 Ed. *Deaths per 100,000 population.

44

Where the Nation Is Today

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

Home &CommunityHighway

Workplace

Total

Death Rate Indexes (1992=100) Total U-I death rate* up 11%.

Source: Injury Facts, 2005-2006 Ed. * Deaths per 100,000 population.

45

Off-the-Job Injuries:What’s the situation in [insert your company

name]?

46

Insert new slides here to present data on OTJ injuries

in your own company.

Follow the examples of slides used for national data earlier in the presentation

or make up new slides.

47

Lost workday case incidence rate - On the job injury

# LWD cases x 200,000LWDCI Rate =

# Employees hours worked

LWD cases – workplace injuries resulting in lost or restricted work activity in one yearEmployee hours worked - total number of hours worked by all employees in one year200,000 – equivalent of 100 full-time employees working 40 hours/week, 50 weeks/year

48

Lost workday case incidence rate – OTJ injury

# LWD-OTJ cases x 200,000LWDCI-OTJ Rate =

# Employees x 3,744

LWD-OTJ cases – off-the-job injuries resulting in lost or restricted work activity in one year200,000 – equivalent of 100 full-time employees working 40 hours/week, 50 weeks/year3,744 – nonwork exposure hours per year per employee

49

Who Should Care?

50

Employer Costs per Employee

Occupational injuries – $1,896Off-the-job injuries – $756Total on- and off-the-job – $2,65229% is off-the-job costs

Source: Miller, T.R. (1997). JSR, 28(1), 1-13.Adjusted to 2005 dollars.

51

Employer Costs, cont’d.

IncludesMedical paymentsWage replacementOther administrative & legal costsTax paymentsMV 3rd party liabilityDisruption and lost productionWage premiums for risky work

52

Affect on Workers’and Their Families

53

All Accidental Deaths: 44% are Workers

Workers

Highway(Non-Work)

Home & Communit

y

Workplace(Hwy + non-Hwy)

Source: National Safety Council estimates.

54

All Accidental Deaths: 59% are Workers or Their Family Members

Workers:

Highway(Non-Work)

Home & Communit

y

Workplace(Hwy + non-Hwy)

Workers’ spouses& children:

Source: National Safety Council estimates.

55

Who Should Care?

56

Help workers stay as safeoff-the-job as they are

on-the-job!

Corporate America Should Care!

57

Help our workers stay as safe

off-the-job as they areon-the-job!

[insert your company name] Should Care!

Technical notes, definitions, & references(Delete this slide; not part of the presentation)

Definitions (See also the Glossary in Injury Facts®.)

Disabling injury – an injury causing death, permanent disability, or any degree of temporary total disability beyond the day of the injury. Disabling injuries are not reported on a national basis, so the totals shown are approximations based on ratios of disabling injuries to deaths developed by the National Safety Council.

Non-workers – children, persons keeping house full time, retirees, the unemployed, and other persons not in the labor force.

Non-work injuries – injuries that are not “on-the-job (occupational) injuries”. Such injuries may involve workers or non-workers. Off-the-job injury – an unintentional non-work-related injury to individuals employed on a full-time or part-time basis. This category excludes children, persons keeping house full time, retirees, the unemployed, and other persons not in the labor force.

On the job (occupational) injury – an unintentional injury resulting from a work-related accident or from a single instantaneous exposure in the work environment.

Societal costs – total cost of unintentional injury in the United States, including wage and productivity losses, medical expenses, administrative expenses, motor-vehicle damage, employer costs, and fire losses. These costs may be borne by the injured worker and his/her family, the worker’s employer, insurance companies, or government (taxpayers).

Workers – all persons gainfully employed, including owners, managers, other paid employees, the self-employed, and unpaid family workers but excluding private household workers.

Technical notes

Slide 18. The height of the blue bars represents the average age at which people die from each cause. The height of the green bars represents the average additional years of life remaining for a person who lives to the age represented by the blue bar.

Slides 34-39. These lists of risk factors are not comprehensive. These are the most common risk factors mentioned in the literature.

Slides 41-44 show the trends in death rates for total unintentional-injuries and the three venues using index numbers. The indexes are based on 1992 rates because that was the year that the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries was adopted for the Work venue final count. The index number for a given year is found by dividing the rate for that year by the rate for 1992 and multiplying by 100. The Motor Vehicle rate is deaths per 100 million vehicle-miles. The Work rate is deaths per 100,000 workers. The Home and Community rate and Total U-I rate are deaths per 100,000 population. Indexes less than 100 indicate improvement since 1992. Historical death rates may be found in Injury Facts®.

Slides 47-48 show the formulas used to calculate comparable on-the-job and off-the-job injury incidence rates. You may either keep these slides in the presentation to show how the rates are calculated, or remove them (delete or hide) if you think they may not be appropriate for your audience.

References

National Safety Council. (2006). Injury Facts, 2005-2006 Edition. Itasca, IL: Author.

Miller, T.R. (1997). Estimating the costs of injury to U.S. employers. Journal of Safety Research, 28(1), 1-13.

Documents

1 Promoting Off-the-Job Safety: It Makes $ense! [Insert your company name or logo here and delete this text.] February 2006