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PRIMARY SUBSTATIONS
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Main content
• HV network scheme
• Standardised primary substation
• HV section: AIS and Hybrid module
• MV section: Standard and Container section
• Neutral earthing system
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Transmission
Substation
Primary Substation
TRANSMISSION NETWORK
Transmission
Substation
Enel Distribuzione – Endesa LATAM Workshop
The HV network
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HV SECTION SCHEME
• Simple busbar system with
disconnector
• Two line poles (other lines
can be added)
• Two transformer poles
16 - 25 - 40 or 63 MVA
(other transformers can be
added)
MV SECTION SCHEME
• Simple busbar system with bus-tie CB
• Two transformer poles• Emergency supply from
the other transformer• Up to 20 line poles
(including auxiliary services)
HV Busbar
HV/MV Transformers
HV Line
Neutral Earthing System
MV Busbar Bus-tie CB
MV Lines
Disconnector
Primary Substations
Enel Distribuzione standard (H) scheme
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MV section
HV lineHV line
Neutral earthing system
HV/MV transformers
HV section
System
connected online
to the Network
Operating
Centers
By means of the remote control system:• switches position can be known;
• main electrical parameters can be measured;• closing and opening commands can be sent.
2000 Primary Substations:
all remotely controlled
Primary Substations
Remote Control System
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HV line
HV busbar
CVT
CT
HV busbar
Disconnector
Disconnector
Circuit Breaker
Earthing Switch
Disconnector
CT
Circuit Breaker
Surge Arrester
Transformer
Primary Substations
HV line bay and transformer bay
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• Traditional AIS Substation (Air Insulated Switchgear)
• MTS Substation with Hybrid Modules (Mixed Technology Switchgear)
DTB Circuit Breaker Current
Transformer
Hybrid Modules Circuit Breaker Current Transformer Voltage Transformer Disconnector Earthing Switch
GISCircuit BreakerCurrent TransformerVoltage TransformerDisconnectorEarthing SwitchBusbar / Busducts
LTB Circuit Breaker
Primary Substations
HV section – Two main solutionsEnel standard
since 2000
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HV section - layout TRANSFORMER BAY
HV LINE BAY
BUSBAR SYSTEM
CB
DIS
C.
CVT
CT
DIS
C.
DIS
C.
CB
CT
AR
RESTER
32,5 m
21 m
700 m2
Primary Substations
“Traditional” Standardised Primary Substation
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HV switchboard – HV busbar system
Primary Substations
“Traditional” Standardised Primary Substation
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One bay with 1 circuit breaker and motor driven disconnector and earthing
disconnector.
Three bays with 2 (or 1) circuit breakers (Y2 o Y1), motor driven disconnectors and earthing
disconnectors.
HV compact switchgear, integrated and pre-assembled, SF6 insulated, equipped with bushings for the connection to the HV lines (bare conductors or cables), the HV busbars and the transformers.
Primary Substations
MTS Substation – Hybrid Modules
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Y2
Simplified configuration Traditional HV/MV (H) Scheme
Y2+Y2CB
CB CB
CB
CB
CB
Primary Substations
Standard Schemes with Hybrid Modules
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12 m
21 m
250 m2
Primary Substations
Standard Schemes with Hybrid Modules
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Rated Characteristics, Enel Specs DY105
(Y1). DY106B (Y2) and DY107B (single bay)
• Rated voltage 170 kV
• Rated impulse withstand voltage 650 kV
• Rated power frequency withstand voltage 275 kV
• Rated current 1250 A
• Rated short circuit current 31,5 kA
Primary Substations
Hybrid Main Characteristics
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Primary Substations
Y2 type
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BUSHING
CURRENT
TRANSFORMER
DISCONNECTOR +
EARTHING SWITCH
DRY-TYPE
CABLE TERMINALS
CIRCUIT BREAKER
TraditionalPlug-in/plug-out
Primary Substations
Hybrid Module – Basic Components
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Primary Substations
Hybrid Module – Basic Architecture
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BUSHINGS
CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
DISCONNECTORS
AND EARTHING
SWITCHES
CIRCUIT BREAKERSSPRING
MECHANISM
Primary Substations
Hybrid Module in operation
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Y1 Hybrid Module
Single Bay cable connected
Hybrid Module
Y2 Hybrid Module with
SF6 cable bushings
Y2 Hybrid Module with
SF6 air and cable bushings
Primary Substations
Hybrid Modules solutions
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• reduction of environmental impact and permission easier to obtain (construction under the HV line)
• reduction of necessary space for installation (compact HV switchboard)
• limited civil works
• easily transportable (three pieces per road width)
• fast installation
• reduction of mountings and on-site tests (extended prefabrication with tests on manufacturing site)
• fewer maintenance needs (reduction in component numbers)
• easy maintenance (reduced times for substitution of integrated components)
• higher reliability (active HV parts hermetically protected from the environment)
• total cost reduction
ADVANTAGES
Primary Substations
Standardized Primary Substations with Hybrid Modules
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“Compact” H Primary Substation with Two Y2 Modules
Traditional HV section of a Primary Substation
Primary Substations
Comparison between AIS and MTS HV section
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Single floor
air insulated switchgear
Primary Substations
MV section – Three main solutions
Double floor
air insulated switchgear
Compact
air insulated switchgear
Enel standardsince 2000
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30 m
10 m
Primary Substations
MV section – Traditional solutions (single and double floor)
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Main characteristics:
- Air insulated busbars
- Vacuum circuit breakers
- Withdrawable circuit breakers
- Protections installed on the panels
- Compact size:
Height 1820 mm; Width 750 or 850 mm; Depth 1200 mm
Primary Substations
MV section – Compact switchgear
Rated values: - Rated voltage: 24 kV - Rated Current: 1600 A - Short circuit current: 16 kA- Rated duty cycle: O-0,3s-CO-30s-CO
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MV Container Section
Primary Substations
Extreme modularity and flexibility
• MV Busbar system with bus-tie circuit breakers
• Up to 12 MV lines
• Auxiliary services included
• Protection and control systems integrated “all in one”
• No civil works need, just “plug and play”
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MV Container Section
Primary Substations
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14 m
9 m
MV Container Section
Primary Substations
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MV Container Section in operation
Primary Substations
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• Permission easier to be obtained
• No buildings needed
• Easily transportable
• Fast installation
• MV switchgear preassembled (no mountings on site)
• Simplified maintenance operations
• Enhanced reliability (vacuum CB)
• Reduction of environmental impact (no SF6)
• Cost reduction
MV Container Section – Main advantages
Primary Substations
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Direct connection Connection by means of Earthing
Transformer
The Neutral Earthing System
Primary Substations
