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Pertemuan 13Compare Contrast Essay 2

(Engaging Writings page 156-165)

Matakuliah : Writing III

Tahun : 2006-2007

Versi : 3

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Learning Outcomes

• By the end of this session the students are expected to be able to– Use the strategies of cohesion to develop link

between the thesis statement and the paragraphs.

– Apply strategies to write the conclusion of comparison/contrast essays

– Use vocabulary of comparison/contrast

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Outline of the materials

• Cohesion strategies

• Writing conclusions

• Vocabulary and structures that signal similarity and contrast

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Cohesion Strategies

• Similar to the previous type of writing (cause-effect) you can increase cohesion by– Name the supporting points in the thesis statement– Put the supporting points in the same order in the

paragraphs as they appear in the thesis statement– Repeat key words or use synonyms– Use transitions such as one, another, first, finally in

the topic sentences of your paragraphs

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Linking Thesis Statement and Topic Sentences

1. Word forms example:

Thesis: Extended families and nuclear families differ in three ways: the education of children, the division of work, the distribution of property.topic sentencesFirst, the way that babies and young children are educated in extended families and nuclear families are different.Second, the way that work is divided among the family members in extended and nuclear family is different.Finally, the way that property is distributed in extended family and nuclear family is different.

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2. Similar sentence beginnings

Thesis:

Family life in two-career television families differs from actual family life in two-career families in terms of the way family members communicate with one another, care for children, and manage household duties.

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• Topic sentences:In situation comedies and similar program, family members in two-career families have a lot of time to talk to each other, but in real life, working parents and their children are too busy to interact.

On TV, men are shown caring for children as often as women, but in real life, mothers care for children more often than fathers do.

On the air, dual-career couples seldom argue about or even appear to do housework, but in real life, getting house work done is big problems for dual-career couples, and they often disagree about who should do the chores.

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3. Correlative Conjunctions

Use “not only… but also” to link the topic sentences

example:

thesis:

Married and single people lead very different lives in terms of their ability to live economically, to find companionship, and to plan for the future.

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Topic sentences:Married people can share basic expenses and save money, while single people have to manage household expenses on their own.

Married people have companionship almost anytime they want it, whereas single people have to make an effort to find company.

Not only married people are better off economically and socially than single people, but married people can also face the future with greater certainty.

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Writing Conclusions

• You can use the following methods:– Summarizing– Predicting– Recommending– Offering an opinion– Drawing conclusions about how and why

things occur

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Vocabulary for Similarities

• Coordinating conjunctions: and, also • Subordinating conjunctions: as, just as, • Correlative conjunctions: both…and…, neither

… nor• Transitions: likewise, similarly, in the same way• Other parts of speech:

• alike, similar (adj.), • also, as well, so, the same, too (adv.)• Similarity (n)• Like (preposition)

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Vocabulary for Differences

• Coordinating conjunction: but

• Subordinating conjunctions: whereas, while

• Transitions: however, in contrast, on the contrary, by comparison, (on one hand)…on the other hand,

• Other parts of speech: – differ (verb), difference (noun), different (adj.),

unlike (prep.)

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Conclusions

• You can increase cohesion by – Naming the supporting points in the thesis statement– Put the supporting points in the same order in the

paragraphs as they appear in the thesis statement– Repeat key words or use synonyms– Use transitions

• You should link the thesis and the topic sentences in the paragraphs to increase cohesion by using– the same word forms, – similar sentence beginnings, – correlative conjunctions not only … but also…

• There are certain vocabulary to signal similarities and differences