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Paris06/06/2007
2nd OECD workshop on “measuring Education and Health volume output” Michael DAVIDSON, OECD/EDU/IA
1
Draft chapter 2 on education output
Session 2.2 More information on UOE data collection; differences with National Accounts
Paris06/06/2007
2nd OECD workshop on “measuring Education and Health volume output” Michael DAVIDSON, OECD/EDU/IA
2
Unesco Oecd Eurostat (UOE) data collection on education statistics
Annual international data collection on education Student enrolments, graduation, personnel,
expenditures Pre-primary through to post-graduate (ISCED97) Formal education only i.e. excludes solely work-
based learning, very short programmes, leisure or recreational studies, informal learning
Over 60 countries complete UOE or something based on it, each year
Paris06/06/2007
2nd OECD workshop on “measuring Education and Health volume output” Michael DAVIDSON, OECD/EDU/IA
3
UOE expenditure data
Cash accounting basis Expenditure recorded in year of payment Student loan expenditures in gross No depreciation of assets Framework on 3 dimensions
– Inside/outside education institutions– Goods and services provided– Sources of funds
Paris06/06/2007
2nd OECD workshop on “measuring Education and Health volume output” Michael DAVIDSON, OECD/EDU/IA
4
UOE expenditure dataLocation Type of goods and
services Inside educational institutions Outside educational
institutions
Public funds Subsidised
(books, materials, extra tuition)
Subsidised private
Educational core goods and services
Private funds (tuition fees, other private entities)
Private funds
Public funds R&D
Private funds (other private entities)
Public funds Subsidised private
(living costs,
Ancillary services: (meals, transport to schools, housing on the campus)
transport , …)
Subsidised private
Educational peripheral goods and services Non-
instruction
Private funds (fees for services) Private funds
Includes administration
costs
Paris06/06/2007
2nd OECD workshop on “measuring Education and Health volume output” Michael DAVIDSON, OECD/EDU/IA
5
« Core goods and services » and « ancillary goods and services » in the UOE data- provided by educational institutions
Core– Instruction– Education goods
(books etc)– Administration– Capital expenditure;
rent– Special education
needs; guidance
Ancillary– Student transport– School meals– Student housing– Student health
services– Services for general
public
Paris06/06/2007
2nd OECD workshop on “measuring Education and Health volume output” Michael DAVIDSON, OECD/EDU/IA
6
Strengths and weaknesses of the UOE expenditure data
Breakdown of expenditures by level– UOE can provide structural breakdown of National Accounts
aggregates Consistency over time – limited time series but
improving Gaps in data – coverage is good but some missing
and aggregated data Not entirely consistent with National Accounts
definitions– E.g. distinction between core and ancillary services;
treatment of administration costs– Eurostat exercise underway to document this
Paris06/06/2007
2nd OECD workshop on “measuring Education and Health volume output” Michael DAVIDSON, OECD/EDU/IA
7
Table B1.1d Annual expenditure on educational institutions per student for core services (2003) In equivalent US dollars converted using PPPs for GDP, by level of education, based on full-time equivalents
Pre-primary education
(for children 3 years and
older)
Secondary education Tertiary education
Primary to tertiary
education
Primary education
Lower secondary education
Upper secondary education
All secondary education
Post-secondary non-tertiary education
Tertiary-type B education
Tertiary-type A
& advanced research
programmes
All tertiary education
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
OECD countries
Australia m 5270 7058 8001 7413 7176 4070 8672 7904 6553
Austria 6109 6540 8344 9010 8661 x(4) 10338 7855 8045 8015
Belgium 4446 5920 x(5) x(5) 7444 x(5) x(9) x(9) 7722 6956
Canada 1, 2 x(5) x(5) x(5) x(5) 6142 x(7) 22754 13032 15689 7638
Czech Republic 2540 2187 3788 4034 3909 1970 3168 5756 5479 3583
Denmark 4824 7814 7958 8401 8183 x(4,9) x(9) x(9) 10190 8426
Finland 3517 4655 7526 6175 6692 x(5) 3754 7512 7506 6140
France 4128 4217 6671 8850 7629 4909 8159 6220 6708 6355
Germany 4865 4483 5486 10090 7031 9924 6278 6790 6718 6493
Greece x(2) 4182 x(5) x(5) 4870 4032 2162 5607 4468 4508
Hungary 1 3430 2945 2889 4185 3540 x(4) x(9) x(9) 5994 3728
Iceland 6666 7752 7475 6459 6898 a x(9) x(9) 5809 7064
Ireland m 4609 6237 6336 6282 5684 x(9) x(9) 7223 5650
Italy 1 5497 6932 7254 8108 7761 m 7443 5354 5375 7047
Japan m m m m m m m m m m
Korea 2520 3661 5000 6733 5846 a 3818 7620 6098 5093
Luxembourg m m m m m m m m m m
Mexico 2069 1656 1495 2790 1918 a x(9) x(9) 4998 2031
Netherlands 5472 5717 7460 6271 6937 5723 m 8392 8335 6652
New Zealand m m m m m m m m m m
Web only
Paris06/06/2007
2nd OECD workshop on “measuring Education and Health volume output” Michael DAVIDSON, OECD/EDU/IA
8
It leads to different scopes: French example
French codes In English For the UOE In NA (products)
10 enseignement teaching Core services Education
21 cantines et internats catering… Ancillary Catering (secondary)
22 médecine scolaire school health Ancillary Education (ancillary)
23 orientation lycées counselling Core services Education (ancillary)
23 orientation ONISEP counselling Core services Public adm.
31 administration gén. general adm. Core services Public adm.
32 formation personnel staff training Core services Education (ancillary)
41 transports scolaires school transport Ancillary (spec) Transport
42 livres et fournitures quel que soit le circuit
books etc. Core services Books, other goods or
Education (ancillary)
43 leçons particulières remedial courses outside Education
44 habillement et autres clothes outside Clothes
Paris06/06/2007
2nd OECD workshop on “measuring Education and Health volume output” Michael DAVIDSON, OECD/EDU/IA
9
What could be defined in the UOE data,in order to be consistent with NA?
Goods and Services of educational institutions:– Educational services: in education services for NA– Ancillary services (not sold): still in education for NA (school health)– Secondary services (sold): not in education for NA (catering…)
General Education Administration:– Ministry of Education (central services), specific bodies without
pupils, not in education for NA (general administration) Goods and Services purchased outside educational
institutions: – Remedial courses: in education services for NA– Other educational goods and services
Public subsidies to students for student living costs
Paris06/06/2007
2nd OECD workshop on “measuring Education and Health volume output” Michael DAVIDSON, OECD/EDU/IA
10
Educational institutions (S11, S13 or S15)
Public sources (S13)
Private entities other than households(S11, S12, S15)
Core services
Ancillary services
- catering- housing- books- clothes- health
Secondary services
- catering- housing
- R&D
Public bodies (S13)
Edu
cati
on
supp
ort
acti
viti
esPub
lic
adm
ini
stra
tio
n
Outside schools (S11, S14)
Pri
vat
e tut
ori
ng
- student living costs
- books-clothes- …
Othereducation
Non
fo
rmal
ed
uca
tion
Households, students (S14)
International agencies and other foreign sources (S2)
G5a
G13
E5H5 G5b H185
E10, E11G10, G11, G12 F6, F7, F8
Formal education in NA(ISIC rev 4 groups 851-853)
ISIC rev 4 group 855
ISIC rev 4 group 854non formal education in NA)
Should be also in formal education in NA
F1, F2, F3If the UOE wanted to be fully integrated with NA (additions in red)…