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Name Directory Service based onMAODV and Multicast DNS for IPv6 MANET

Jaehoon Jeong, ETRIpaul@etri.re.kr

http://www.adhoc.6ants.net/~paul/

VTC 2004 Fall

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Contents Introduction Related Work Name Service within IPv6 MANET Scenario of Name Service within MANET Name Directory Service Testbed for IPv6 MANET Conclusion

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Introduction Name Service in Mobile Ad-hoc Network(MANET)

MANET has dynamic network topology Current DNS can not be adopted in MANET!

Because it needs a fixed and well-known name server

Idea of Name Service in MANET All the mobile nodes take part in name service

Every mobile node administers its own name information It responds to the other node’s DNS query related to its domain

name and IP address

Name Directory Service To announce the information of neighbors who are

reachable in IPv6 MANET partition. It can be provided on the basis of MANET DNS.

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Related Work (1/2): MANET DNS

Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR) DNS service based on IP multicast in link-local scoped network

IETF DNSEXT working group item Each node performs the role of DNS name server for its own domain

name.

MANET DNS is an extension of LLMNR.LLMNR Sender LLMNR Responder

LLMNR query message (What is IPv6 address of “host.private.local.”?) - It is sent in link-local multicast

LLMNR response message (IPv6 address of “host.private.local.”) - It is sent in link-local unicast

Verification of LLMNR response - Does the value of the response conform to the addressing requirements? - Is hop-limit of IPv6 header 1?

If the result is valid, then the Sender caches and passes the response to the application that initiated DNS query.

else the Sender ignores the response and continues to wait for other responses.

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Related Work (2/2): Multicast Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (MAODV)

MAODV? An extension of AODV (RFC 3561) routing

protocol for ad hoc multicast routing. A shared tree based multicast routing protocol

It is similar to PIM-SM.

Join into Multicast Group AODV route discovery for finding a shortest

path to the multicast group tree Tree grafting through MACT (Multicast

Activation) message

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Ad-hoc Name Service Systemfor IPv6 MANET (ANS)

ANS provides Name Service in MANET MANET DNS Domain

ADHOC.

MANET IPv6 Prefix IPv6 Site-local Prefix

FEC0:0:0:0::/64

Architecture of ANS System ANS Responder

It performs the role of DNS Name Server

ANS Resolver It performs the role of DNS Resolver

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ANS System (1/2)

ANSResolver

ApplicationApplication

Process

Database

Node

Mobile Node A

UNIX Datagram Socket

ANSResponder

ANSZone DB

Memory Read / Write

ANSResolver

ApplicationApplication

Mobile Node B

ANSResponder

ANSZone DB

Wireless Link

ANSResolver

ApplicationApplication

ANSResponder

ANSZone DB

ANSResolver

ApplicationApplication

ANSResponder

ANSZone DB

Mobile Node C

ANSResponder

ANSResolver

ApplicationApplicationApplicationApplicationANS

Zone DB

DNS Query

DNS Response

DNS Message

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ANS System (2/2)

Main-Thread

DUR-Thread

ANSZone DB

ANS Responder

Process

Thread

Database

Memeory Read / Write

Internal Connection

Main-Thread

Resolv-ThreadTimer-Thread

ANS Cache

ANS Resolver

Process

Thread

Cache

UNIX Datagram Socket

Memeory Read / Write

Internal Connection

Application

ANS API

DNS Query

DNSResponse

DNS Query / DNS Response

UDP Socket Connection

UDP Socket Connection

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Name Service in ANS Zone File Generation

generates ANS zone file with mobile node’s DNS name and corresponding IPv6 address

Name Resolution performs the name-to-address translation

Service Discovery performs the service discovery through DNS

SRV resource record, which indicates the location of server or the multicast address of the service

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Scenario of Name Service within MANET

MN-A MN-B MN-C

DNS Query Message(MN-C.ADHOC.)

DNS Query Messageis sent in Multicast Receipt of

DNS Query Message

Request ofHost DNS Name

Resolution

Receipt and Processof DNS Query Message

DNS Response Message(MN-C’s IPv6 Address)

Gain ofDNS Information

MN-A tries to connect to the server on MN-C

The server on MN-C acceptsthe request of the connection

from MN-A

DNS Query Message(MN-C.ADHOC.)

DNS Response Messageis sent in Unicast

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Name Directory (NDR) Service

Definition NDR is the information of neighbors who are reachab

le in IPv6 MANET partition. It is provided on the basis of MAODV and MANET DN

S.

DNS Resource Record for NDR A new DNS resource record is defined for

User Information (UI). UI resource record is created with user information s

tored in NDR configuration file (NDR.conf).

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NDR.conf and UI Resource Record

user-id = paul

domain = manet.

ttl = 10

user-name = Jaehoon Jeong

affiliation = ETRI

email-address = paul@etri.re.kr

phone-number = +82-16-711-1765

description = A researcher on IPv6 MANET networking

NDR.conf

UI ResourceRecord

paul.manet. 10 IN UI $Jaehoon Jeong$ETRI$paul@etri.re.kr $+82-16-711-1765$A researcher on IPv6 MANET networking$

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Procedure of Name Directory Service

GL1

TM2TM1

GM1 GM2

GL1

TM2TM1

GM1 GM2

GM3

GL1

TM2TM1

GM1 GM2

GM3

GL1

TM2TM1

GM1 GM2

GM3

(a) MAODV Multicast Tree (b) Join of Group Member GM3

(c) Report of GM3’s User Information to Group Leader GL1

(d) Announcement of User Information by GL1

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Optimization of Name Directory Service – 1/2

Optimization of Periodic Report of User Information Only leaf group members of ANS multicast tree

report their UI resource records. When upstream node receives UI resource record,

it aggregates the received UI record with its UI record and

it forwards the UI records to its upstream node towards group leader.

Group leader can get an aggregated packet of UI records instead of each individual packet of group member.

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Optimization of Name Directory Service – 2/2

Optimization of Periodic Announcement of Name Directory Group leader announces total name directory

of active nodes and partial name directory of out-of-range nodes at different periods. Group leader advertises the total name directory

less frequently than the partial name directory. When a group member receives the partial

name directory, it invalidates the entries of the partial name

directory in its name directory. These separate announcements can reduce the

amount of traffic advertised for name directory.

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Testbed for IPv6 MANET

We used IPv6 MAODV for Ad Hoc multicast routing protocol.

For testing multi-hop network configuration, We control Tx and Rx power of IEEE 802.11b NIC. Also, we use MAC-filtering to filter out packets in o

ther link. We implemented Wireless Mobile Router base

d on embedded linux for testing Ad Hoc routing protocols and other applications.

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Experiment of NDR in MANET Testbed

IPv6 Wireless Mobile Router

MN1

WR1

WR2 WR3

MN2

MANET

Test of Name Directory Service

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Conclusion ANS (Ad-hoc Name Service System for IPv6 MANET)

A name service scheme based on multicast in IPv6 MANET, providing name resolution and the information of neighboring users.

Name Service of ANS Automatic zone file generation Name-to-address translation Service discovery DNS message authentication based on TSIG Name Directory Service (NDR)

It can be categorized as peer-to-peer application in MANET. Through NDR, ad hoc users can notice who are reachable in MANET

partition where they are placed.

Future Work We will simulate our scheme to enhance our name directory

with network simulator NS-2.