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National Crime Survey Criminal Victimization in the U.S.:

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BJS bulletins: Criminal victimization, 1984, NCJ-98904, 10/85 Households touched by crime, 1984, NCJ-

97689,6/85 The crime of rape, NCJ-96777, 3/85 Household burglary, NCJ-96021, 1/85 Criminal victimization, 1983, NCJ-93869, 6/84 Violent crime by strangers, NCJ-80829, 4/82 Crime and the elderly, NCJ-79614, 1/82 Measuring crime, NCJ-75710, 2/81

Response to screening questions In the National Crime Survey (BJS technical report), NCJ-97624,7/85

Victimization and fear of crime: World perspectives, NCJ-93872, 1/85

The National Crime Survey: Working papers, vol. I: Current and historical perspectives, NCJ-75374,8/82 vol. II: Methological studies, NCJ-90307, 12/84

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resldento, 1974-77, NCJ-66481, 9/80 The cost of negligence: Losses from preventsble

household burglaries, NCJ-53527, 12179 Rape Victimization In 26 American cities,

NCJ-55878, 8179 Criminal victimization In urban schools,

NCJ-56396, 8179 Crime egalnllt persons In urban, suburban, and

ruroillreall, NCJ-53551, 7179 An fntroduction to the Natlonaf Crime Survey,

NCJ-43732, 4178 Locaf victim surveys: A review of the Issues,

NCJ-39973, 8m

Expenditure and employment Justice expenditure and omployment, 1982 (BJS

bulletin), NCJ-98327, 8/85 Justir.e expenditure and employment In the U.s.:

1900 lind 1981 extracta, NCJ-96007. 6/85 1971-79, NCJ-92596. 11/84 1979 (final report), NCJ-87242, 12/83

Corrections BJS bulletins and spacial reports:

Capital punlohmenll984, NCJ-98399, 8/85 Prison admissions and relesses, 1982,

NCJ-97995, 7/85 Prisoners In 1984, NCJ-97118, 4/85 Examining recldlvlom, NCJ-96501, 2/85 Returning to prison, NCJ-95700, 11/84 Time served In prison, NCJ-93924. 6/84

Prisoners In state and Federal Institutions on Dec. 31, 1982 (final), NCJ-93311, 12/84

Capital punishment 1982 (final). NCJ-91533, 11/84

1979 surveyof inmates 0/ State corractionallacilitles and 1979 census 0/ State correctional/acilities:

BJS speCIal reports: The prevalence of imprisonment, NCJ-93657.

7/85 Career pattems In crime, NCJ-88672, 6/83

BJS bulletins: Prisoners and drugs, NCJ-87575. 3/83 Prisoners and alcohol, NCJ-86223. 1/83 Prisons and prisoners, NCJ-80697. 2/82 Veterans in prison, NCJ-79232, 11/81

Census ai/ails and survev oflail mmatas: Jail Inmates, 1983 (BJS bulletin), NCJ-99175,

11/85 The 1983 jail census (BJS bulletin), NCJ-95536.

11/84 Jail Inmates 1982 (BJS bulletin), NCJ-87161. 2/83 Census of jails, 1978: Data for indiVidual falls,

vols HV. Northeast. North Central. South. West. NCJ-72279-72282, 12/81

Profile of jail inmates, 1978, NCJ-65412. 2/81

Parole and probation BJS bulletins:

Probation and parole 1984, NCJ-l00181. 2/86

Setting prison terms, NCJ-76218, 8/83

Parole in the U.S., 1980 and 1981, NCJ-87387. 3/86

Characteristics (Jf persons entering parole during 1978 and 1979, NCJ-87243, 5/83

Characteristics of the parole population, 1978, NCJ-66479. 4/81

Parole In the U.S., 1979, NCJ-69562. 3/81

Courts BJS bulletins:

The growth ot appeals: 1973-83 trends, NCJ-96381 , 2/85

Case filings in State courts 1983, NCJ-95111. 10/84

BJS special reports: Felony sentencing in 18 local

jurisdictions, NCJ-97681. 6/85 nle prevalence of guilty pleas, NCJ-96018,

12/84 Sentencing practices In 13 States, NCJ-95399.

10/84 Criminal defense systems: A national

survey, NCJ·94630, 8/84 Habeos corpus, NCJ-92948, 3/84 Case filings In State courts 1983,

NCJ-95111. 10/84 State court case load statistics, 1977 and

1981, NCJ-87587, 2/83

SUpplement to the state court model statistical dictionary, NCJ-98326, 9/85

The prosecution of felony arrest a: 1980, NCJ-97884, 10/85 1979, NCJ-66482, 5/84

State court organization 1980, NCJ-76711, 7/82 State court model statistical dictionary,

SUpplement, NCJ-98326. 9/85 1 8t edition, NCJ-62320, 9/80

A cron-clty comparison of felony caBe processing, NCJ-55171, 7/79

Federal offenses and offenders BJS spacial reports:

Pretrial release ond misconduct, NCJ-96132, 1/85

BJS bullellns: Bank robbery, NCJ-94463, 8/84 Federlll drug law violators, NCJ-92692, 2/84 Federal justlco Itati8~lc8, NCJ-80814, 3/82

Privacy and security Computer crime: BJS special reports:

•

Electronic fund transfer fraud, NCJ-96668, 3/85 Electronic fund transfor and crime,

NCJ-92650, 2/84 Computer security techniques,

NCJ-84049, 9/82 Electronic fund transfer systems and crime,

NCJ-63736, 9/82 Legislative resource manual, NCJ-78890, 9/81 Expert witness manual, NCJ-77927, 9/81 Criminal justice resource manual, NCJ-61550,

12179 Frivacy and security of criminal history information:

Compendium of State legislation, 1984 oV6rview, NCJ-98077, 9/85

A guide to research and statistical use, NCJ-69790, 5/81

A guide to dissemination, NW40000, 1179 Compendium of State legislation:

NCJ-48981, 7/78 1981 supplement, NCJ-79652, 3/82

Criminal justice information policy: Crime control and criminal records (BJS speCial

report), NCJ-99176. 10/85 State criminal records repositories (BJS

technu;al report), NCJ-99017, 10/85 Data quality of criminal history records, NCJ-

98079, 10/85 Intelligence and investigative records,

NCJ-95787.4/85 Victim/witness legislation: An overview,

NCJ-94365. 12/84 Information policy and crime control strategies

(SEARCH/BJS conference), NCJ·93926. 10/84

Research access to criminal justice data, NCJ-841 54. 2/83

Privacy and juvenile justice records, NC.J.84152, 1/83

Survey of State laws (BJS bulletin). NCJ-80838. 6/82

Privacy and the private employer, NCJ-79651. 11/81

General BJS bulletins:

Police employment and expenditure, NCJ-l 00 117, 2/86

Tracking offenders: The child victim, NCJ-95785, 12/84

The severity of crime, NCJ-92326, 1/84 The American response to crime: An overview

of criminal j'Jstice systemp, NCJ-91938. 12/83 Tracking offenders, NCJ-91572, 11/83 Victim and witness asslstanco: New State

laws lind the system's response, NCJ-67934. 5/83

Bureau of Justice Statistics annual report, flucal 1985, NCJ-l00182. 4/86

National survey of crime severity, NCJ-96017, iO/85

Sourcebook of criminal justice statistics, 1984, NCJ-96382.10/85

Criminal victimization of District of Columbia residents lind Capitol Hili employees, 1982-83, NCJ-97982;Sumrnary, NCJ-98567; 9/85

The DC crime victimization study Implementation, NCJ-98595. 9/85, $7.60 domestic/$9.20 Canad~ an/$12.80 foreign

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BJS telephone contacts '85, NCJ-98292, 8/85 How to gain access to BJS data (brochure),

BC{)()QQ22. 9/84 Proceedings of the 2nd workshop on law and

justice statistics, 1984, NCJ-93310. 8/84 Report to the nation on crime lind justice:

The data, NCJ-67068. 10/83 Dictionary of criminal justice data terminology:

2nd ed .• NCJ-76939, 2/82 Technical standards for machine-readable data

supplied to BJS, NCJ-75318. 6/81

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u. S. Department of Justice

Bureau of Justice Statistics

Capital Punishment 1983 National Prisoner Statistics April 1986 NCJ-99561

U.S. Department of Justice National Institute of Justice

99561

This document has been reproduced exactly as received from the person or organization originating it. Points of view or opinions stated in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the National Institute of Justice.

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U.S. Bureau of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics

Steven R. Schlesinger Director

Acknowledgments. This report was written by Mimi Cantwell, under the supervision of John F. Wallerstedt, Chief of the Correctional/Detention Studies Branch, Center for Demographic Studies, Bureau of the Census.

Collection and processing of data were conducted in the Bureau of the Census under the general supervision of Evan H. Davey, Demographi, Surveys Division. Robert N. Tinari, Chief of the Crime Surveys Branch, and Gertrude B. Odom, Assistant Chief, directed those activities, assisted by Arlene J. Rasmussen and Janice Curtis.

Lawrence A. Greenfeld of the Bureau of Justice Statistics provided guidance and direction on the collection and presentation of data for this report.

The report was made possible only by the generous and unstinting assistance of State and Federal correctional officials and each State's Office of the Attorney General. Their patience anc cooperation in providing the·data contained herein are gr'atefully acknowledged.

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

United States, Bureau of Justice Statistics. Capital Punishment, 1983

(National prisoner statistics bulletin: NCJ-91533) Chiefly tables Supt. of Docs. no:J 1.42/3:NCJ-91533 1. Capital [>unishment-United States--Statistics

1. Title. II. Series. BV 8699.U5U53 1982 364.6'6'0973 75-619081

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Printing Office WaShington, D.C. 20402

ii Capital Punishment 1983

Preface

g.

The 1983 edition of Capital Punish~,~ a serial publication in the Nb. 'lonal Prisoner Statistics (NPS) progrl:lm, provides data on the Nation's death-row population and on the legal status of death penalty laws.

As in past editions, it examines basic sociodemographic classifications-age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status at time of imprisonment, level of education, and State and region of incarceration-and describes the main judicial decisions during the past year. The criminal justice matters treated include offense, time spent on death row, and for those removed from death row, both the method of removal and status at yearend. Also reported were data on statutory changes in each jurisdiction, methods of execution, automatic appeals for persons receiving the death sentence, and whether there is a minimum age at which it can be imposed. This year's report provides data on the criminal histories of the persons on death row, such as the number with prim' felony convictions and prior convictions for homicide and the criminal justice status of the offenders at time of capital offense.

Appendix I surveys the current status of capital punishment and the history of death penalty laws in each jurisdiction. The data tables on which the report is based al'e in Appendix II. Appendix III, Methodology, discusses data collection procedures and changes made in the questionnaires during the past several years.

Based on voluntary reporting. the NPS program collects and interprets data on State and Federal prisoners. Begun by the Bureau of the Census in 1926, the program was transferred to the Bureau of Prisons in 1950, the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA) in 1971, and the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) late in 1979. Since 1972, the Bureau of the Census, as the collecting agent for LEAA and BJS, has had responsibility for compiling the relevant data.

Contents

-Capital punishment in the courts, 1

Persons under sentence of death at yearend 1983, 2

Persons sentenced to death during 1983, 4

Persons leaving death row during 1983, 4

Death penalty laws in 1983, 5

Appendixes:

I. Status of death penalty statutes, 6 II. Da ta tables, 9 III. Methodology, 87 IV. Questionnaires, 89

Figut'es

1. Status of death penalty as of 12/31/83 and 1983 executions, 1

2. Number of persons executed, 1980-83, 1

3. Number of persons executed, by jurisdiction, 1930-83 (total 3,870), 2

4. Prisoners under sentence of death, by region and State, 1983,3

5. Persons under sentence of death, 1953-83, 3

6. Number of women on death row, yearend 1972-83, 4

7. Method of execution, by State, 1983, 4

Capital Punishmpnt 1983 iii

Five persons were executed during 1983, bringing to 11 the total executed since the reinstatement of{apital punish men t in 1972 (figure 1). This increase in the I?ace of executions came as many inmates on death row neared the end of a series of appeals and as the courts became increasingly reluctant to sanction a lengthy appeals process in capital punishment cases.

The executions that took place during 1983 brought to 3,870 the total conducted under civil authority in the United Sta tes since na ti~nal reporting began in 1930 (figure 2). After 1967, an unofficial mora torium on executions prevailed as legal challenges to the dea th penalty were pressed a t various court levels. There were no executions unti11977, when one occurred. Two more followed in 1979, one in 1981, and two in 1982. Two-fifths of all executions since 1930 have taken place in five States, each with over 200 executions (figure 3).

Capital punishment in the courts

The number of successful challenges to the constitutionality of capital punishment laws has dropped off sharply in the past several years as guidelines set down in U. S. Supreme Court cases during the 1970's became incorporated into State capital punishment laws. In the 1972 decision in Furman v. Georgia, the Supreme Court for the first time struck down a State capital punishment law as unconstitutional under the Eighth Amendment. Five justices, in as many opinions, found the Georgia capital punishment law objectionable for a number of reasons, most of which were related to the arbitrary application of the d€a th sentence. Many :States responded by adopting new laws designed to answer the Court's objections.

In 1976, in five cases considered together, the Court addressed these new laws and attempted to clarify its decision in Furman. In Woodson v. North Carolina and Roberts v. Louisiana, the Court struck down tiS unconstitutional State laws that eliminated all discretion from the sentencing process

lAs of June 20, 1984, 9 more persons had been executed, bringing the new total to 20 since 1977.

21n addition to those executed under civil authority, 160 persons have been executed under military authority since 1930.

by imposing a mandatory death penalty for specific crimes. However, in ~ v. Georgia, Jurek v. Texas, and Proffitt v. Florida, the Court upheld la ws tha t provided guidelines to assist the sentencing authority in exercising the required discretion as it considers aggravating and mitigating circumste.nces surrounding the crime.

Further refinements were provided in a number of cases that reached the U.S. Supreme Court in the late 1970's and early 1980's. By 1982, few cases before the Court had the potential for producing the broad application of earlier decisions. In 1982, and again in

1983, no one was removed from death row because a State capital punishment law had been declared unconstitutionp.l.

During 1983, one of the more important remaining issues in capital punishment was brought to the U. S. Supreme Court-that of proportionality. Proportionality, in the sense that capital punishment must not be excessive and disproportionate given the .!.y~ of crime, had been mentioned in the plurality opinion of Justice Stewart in ~ v. Georgia as being part of Eighth Amendment death penalty analysis. However, the concept that States

Status of death penalty as of 12/31/83 and 1983 executions

.0

No Dea th penalty death No 1983 1983 penalty executions executions

Figure 1

Number of persons executed, 1930-83

_LJ~ 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980

Figure 2

Capital Punishment 1983 1

must make punishment for a crime similar to sentences for similar crimes committed by offenders with similar characteristics had not yet been addressed by the Na tion's highest court.

Early in 1984, the U. S. ~ upreme Court ruled in Pull.§.Y v, Harris that a proportionalit:v review by a court of sta tewide jurisdiction is not a Consti tutional requirement. Although many State death penalty laws provide for such a review, the court ruled that the Eighth Amendment does not require it as an invariable rule in every case. 'The Court held tha t Cali fornia's dea th penalty statute and similar post-Furman laws, while perhaps "occasionally produc(ing) abberational outcomes," were "a far cry from the major systemic defects identified in Furman," and thus passed constitutional muster under the Eighth Amendment.

'Three important cases were handed down by the U.S. Supreme Court on July 6, 1983: California v. Ramos, Barclay v. Florida, and BarefOOtV. Estelle. In 1982, the Cali fornia Suprc me Court had ruled (in People v. Ramos) that It required instruction to the jury that a life sentence without parole could be commuted by the Governor rendered the State's death penalty law unconstitutional under the Eighth Amendment of the Federal Constitution. However, the U. S. Supreme Court reversed that decision and held that the Federal Constitution does not prohibit such instructions to the jury. By bringing to the jury's attention the possible commutation of H

life sentence, the hstruction, the (:ollrt said, "invites the jury to assess whether the defendant is someone whose probable fu ture behavior makes it undesirable that he be permitted to return to society ... " Such considerations were approved of in Jurek v. 'Texas, but were emphasized as appropria te in Cali fornia v. Ramos.

The BarClay case dealt with violations of Sta te law com m i tted during sentencing proceedings in capital punishment cases. In BarClay, the trial judge sentenced the defendant to death on the basis of several considera lions. One of these, the defendant's past criminal record, was improper under the capital punishment statute. The Florida Supreme Court had upheld the sentence because under "harmless error analysis" it was clear that the judge's improper use of the defendant's record was a harmless error that did not alter the final sentence. On review, the Supreme Court upheld the Florida decision.

2 Capital Punishment 1983

Numb<Jr of persons executed, by jurisdiction, 1930-83 (total 3,870)

Number executed State since 1930 since 1977

Georgia 367 I New York 329 Texas 298 1 California 292 Norlil Carolina 263 Ohio 172 Florida 172 2 South Carolir,a 162 Mississippi 155 1 Pennsylvania 152 Alabama 136 1 Louisiana 134 1 Arkansas 118 Kentucky 103 Tennessee 93 Virginia 93 1 llIinois 90 New Jersey 74 Maryland 68 Missouri 62 Oklahoma 60 Washington 47 Colorado 47 Indiana 42 1 West Virginia 40 District of Columbia 40 Arizona 38 Federal system 33 Nevada 30 1 . Massachuse t ts 27 Connecticut 21 Oregon 19 Iowa 18 Kansas 15 Utah 14 1 Delaware 12 New Mexico 8 Wyoming 7 Montana 6 Vermont 4 Nebraska 4 Idaho 3 South Dakota 1 New lla mpshire 1 Wisconsin 0 Rhode Island 0 North Dakota 0 Minnesota 0 \1 ichigan 0 :'laine 0 Hawaii 0 Alaska 0

Figure 3

The Barefoot case was notable both because it upheld the admissibility of psychia tric evidence predicting fu ture dangerousness and because the High Court approved the accelera tion of the appeals process in capi tal cases. The Court used Bare foot to establish general guidelines for habeas appeals of capital sentences. The Court held that a strong showing that a federal right has been denied is needed to obtain a certificate of probable cause, and that even with the certificate, the court of appeals may expedite its considera tion of the merits of habeas appeals. Thus, the court of appeals may deny an application for a stay of sentence if, in doing so, it determines that the defen-

dan t lacks substantial grounds on the merits; such procedures were held especially appropriate where the petition is a second or successive colla teral attack.

On October 11,1983, the U.S. Court of Military Appeals, the Nation's highest military court, ruled that sentencing procedures in the Uniform Code of Military Justice did not conform to U. S. Supreme Court guidelines set down in the 1972 and 1976 landmark decisions. As a result of this decision, U.S. v. Ma tthews, the dea th sen tences of seven men condemned under courtmartial procedures were removed. New regulations remedying the defects in the code were promulgated in an executive order effective January 24, 1984.

Amollg the issu('s still pending at yearend 1983 we['f' the effectiveness of counsel in capital CAses, the practice by trial judges of overriding a jury's sentence recommendation, and the admissibility of research findings of racial discrimination in the imposition of the death penalty.

Massachusetts, which had an earlier law struck down in 1980, enacted a new law effective January 1,1983, so that by the end of 1983,38 States and the Federal government had laws authorizing the death penalty. This was the largest number of jurisdictions authorizing the death penalty since it was declared unconstitutional in 1972.

Persons under sentence of death at yearend 1983

The number of persons under sentence of death at yearend 1983 was 1,202, a 13% increase over yearend 1982 (figure 4). During 1983, 252 persons received the dea th penalty and 113, including the 5 executed, were removed from death row. The 252 death penalties imposed during 1983 was higher than in any other year since at least 19613 except 1982. The number re moved from dea th row during 1983 was higher than in the four previolls years.

Since 1953, when the official count of those under sentence of death began, the number under sentence at yearend has increased almost tenfold (figure 3). The buildup on the Nation's death rows initially coincided with the legal challenges to the dea th penalty in the 1960's. All persons under sentence of death at the time of the 1972 Supreme Court decisions were eventually removed from dea th row. The buildup

began anew as offenders were sentenced under laws passed after the 1972 and 1976 landmark decisions, mar'king the sharpest rise in the nu mber 0 f dea th-row in ma tes since da ta were first compiled.

Prisoners under sentence 0: death, by region and State, 1983

Prisoners under sentence of ceath

Region and State 12/31/82

United States 1,063 Male 1,049 Female 14 Federal2 0 State 1,063

Northeast 26 Connecticut 0 Massachusetts 0 New Hampshire 0 New Jersey 0 New York 0 Pennsylvania 26 Vermont 0

North Central 101 Illinois 50 Indiana 15 Missouri 21 Nebraska 12 Ohio 3 South Dakota 0

South 721 Alabama 38 Arkansas 23 Delaware 6 Florida 186 Georgia 105 Kentucky 13 Louisiana 21 Maryland 14 Mississippi 35 North Carolina 28 Oklahoma 39 South Carolina 17 Tennessee 28 Texas 149 Virginia 19

West 215 Arizona 51 California 120 Colorado 2 Idaho 7 Montana 3 Nevada 18 New Mexico 5 Utah 1 Washington 3 Wyoming 3

NOTE: States not listed and the District (If Columbia did not have the death penalty as of 12/31/83. Some of the figUl'es shown for year-end 1982 are revised from those shown in Capital Punishment 1982 (final report), NCJ-91533. The revised figures include 23 inmates who were reported late to the NPS program or who were not in the custody of State correc-tional authorities by 12/31/82 (8 in Louisiana, 6 in Georgia, 2 in Alabama, and 1 each in Dela-ware, Illinois, Nevada, Oklahoma, Pennsyl-vania, Tennessee, and Texas), and exclude 10 inmates relieved of the death sentence before 12/31/82 (3 in Florida, 2 each in :viississippi and Tennessee, and 1 each in Arkansas, Georgia, and Oklahoma).

Figure 4

All dea th-row prisoners re ma ining under sentence at yearend hlld been convicted of murder. One-third of the 902 persons undet' sen tence 0 f dea th for whom the information was available were already under sentence for an-

Changes during 1983 Prisoners Received Removed from under under death row sentence death (including of death sentence executions*) 12/31/83

252 1113- 1,202 249 109* 1,189

3 4 13 0 0 0

252 113· 1,202 19 8 ,37

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3 1 0 1

15 8 33 0 0 0

39 4 136 16 2 64

6 0 21 2 0 23 0 2 10

15 0 18 0 0 0

143 87 777 13 2· 49

1 2 22 0 0 6

34 27* 193 7 10* 102 6 0 19 5 2· 24 0 3 11 5 3· 37

11 6 33 8 8 39

12 1 28 5 2 31

33 19 163 3 2 20

51 14 252 7 7 51

33 4 149 0 1 1 0 0 7 1 0 4 6 1 23 1 0 6 1 0 4 2 1 4 0 0 3

• 1983 executions: 1 each in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi.

11ncludes five inmates who died of natural causes (one each in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, and Mississippi), three who committed suicide (one each in California, Colorado, and Texas), and one who was killed attempting to escape whlie on a court appearance (Texas).

2Excludes prisoners held under Armed Forces jurisdiction. Six such prisoners who were under sentence on 12/31/82 and one who was sen-tenced during 1983 were relieved of the death sentence on 10/11/83, leaving no one under military death sentence at yearend 1983.

other crime when arrested for capital murder. Most of them (19% of those reporting) were on parole, while 6% were on probation, 4% serving time in prison, 3% on escape, and 2% on various other types of prison release. Twothirds of all death-row prisoners had been convicted of felonies before they were charged with a capital crime.

Of the 38 States authorizing the dea th penalty, 33 had prisoners under sentence of death at yearend 1983, more Sta tes than in any previous year. Five States (Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, South Dakota, and Vermont) and the Federal system had death penalty laws on their books but no one on dea th row. No one has been under sen tence 0 f dea th in Federal facilities since 1977.

The 1,202 persons on death row were concentrated, as in previous years, mainly in the South, which held almost two-thirds of all death-row prisoners. Some 21 % were held in correctional facilities in the West, 11 % in the North Central States, and 3'\:' in the Northeast. The States with the largest numbers on death row were

Persons under sen tence of death, 1953-83

1953 1960

Figure 5

1970

Number of inmates

1980


-

Florida (193), Texas (163), Cnlifornin (149), and Georgia (102) (figure 4). Nine States held between 211 and 99 inmates under sentence of dellth; 10 held between 10 and 24 inmates; Hnd 10 held between 1 and 9 inmates.

About a fi fth 0 r those on dell th row at yearend had received sentences during 1983. The medilln time on death row was 28 months, but almost 3 in 10 inmates had spent at least 4 years under scntenc(' of dea th by yearend, including 143 persons with 6 years or more on death row. The median age of death row prisoners was about 31 years, although the ages ranged from 17 to 82.

There were 500 black inmates under sentence of death in 1983. Since 1978, the proportion of death-row inmates who were black has remained about 2 in 5. Between 1968 and 1975, the proportion exceeded 50%; it dropped to 46% in 1976,45% in 1977, and 41% in 1978. Blacks also amounted to about 2 in 5 inmates receiving new death sentences in 1983. Since 1968, the proportion of those receiving death sentences each year who were black ranged from 38% to 62%.

The 13 women on death row at yearend 1983 amounted to about 1% of all death-row inmates. Their number has more than tripled since 1972 (figure 6).

An increase in the number of Hispanics on dea th row brought to 72 the number of Hispanic death-row inmates at yearend 1983. Twelve States held at least one Hispanic under sentence of death with the largest numbers being held in Sta tes wi th rela tively large Hispanic populations: California (24), Texas (20), Florida (8), and Arizona (6). Hispanics have generally averaged about 6% of the total death-row population in the United States since data on ethnicity were first collected in 1978. Their increase on death row in relation to most non-Hispanics (about twice as fast since 1978) may in part reflect improved reporting on ethnicity.

Like that of most State prisoners, the educational level of death-row inmates was generally low; only 41 % had completed high school, while 1 in 10 had not graduated from the eighth grade. Most death-row prisoners were not married; some 44% had never married, 20% were divorced or separa ted, and 2% were widowed.


Number of women on death row, yearend 1972-83

State 197? 197 ~ 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983

United Sta tes 4 J 3 S 7 6 5 7 9 11 14 13 California 3 1 2 Georgia 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 4 3 North Carolina 1 2 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 Ohio 2 3 4 2 Oklahoma 1 1 1 1 2 2 Florida 1 1 1 1 1 Alabama 1 1 1 1 2 Texas 1 2 2 2 Kentucky 1 1 Maryland 1 2 1 Mississippi 1 1 Nevada 1 1

Figure 6

Method of execution, by State, 1983

Method States that use method

Electrocution Alabama Arkansas" Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisian~ Massachu~etts*, Nebraska, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South CaJolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia

Lethal injection Arkansas*, Idaho·, Illinois, Massachusetts*, Montana*, Nevad~, New Jersey, New M~xico, North Carolina*, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah*, Wa$hlngton*

Lethal gas Arizona, Cali fornia, Colorado, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina", Wyoming

Hanging Delaware, Montana*, New Hampshire, Washington*

Firing squad Idaho*, Uta'*

*Provides for two methods of execution.

Figure 7

Persons sentenced to death during 1983

Twen ty-seven Sta tes, one less than in 1982, imposed death sentences during 1983. The number of new death sentences imposed felt from 281 in 198} to 252 in 1983, a decline of over 10%. New York imposed its first death sentence since 1977 and New Jersey its first since a new law was enacted in 1982. Montana and Utah were the only othel' States that imposed sentences of death in 1983 but not 1982. Five States tha t had new dea th-row prisoners in 1982 imposed no death sentences in 1983: Colorado, Delaware, Idaho, Maryland, and Wyoming.

Three women were sentenced to dea th during 1983, two in Ohio and one in Alabama. Ohio last had women on death row in 1978, when four women had death sentences lifted when Ohio's law was found to be unconstitutional. Alabama had begun the year with one woman on dea th row.

3EIl C'h y('ar, some death sentenC'cs from previous y('ar~ are reported for the first time, so the mllgnitude of the decrease may be lessened after th(> 1983 figures are revised,

Eighteen Hispanics received death sentences in 1983, the largest numbers being sentenced in California (6), Texas (4), and Florida (3),

The median age of those newly sentenced to dea th was just over 27 years, slightly higher for whites and slightly lower for blacks. With the exception of their being younger on the average, inmates sentenced in 1983 were similar in most other characteristics to those already on death row.

Persons leaving death row during 1983

In all, 21 States had a combined total of 113 persons removed from death row during 1983. Ten States (Delaware, Idaho, Indiana, Kentucky, ~'Iissouri, Montana, New Mexico, Ohio, Utah, and Wyoming) had no removals, although they began the year with prisoners under sentence of dea tho

Of the 113 inmates who left death row-• 60 had their sentences lifted but

convictions upheld • 28 had their sentences and

convictions vacated • 11 had their sentences commuted

• 5 were execu ted • 5 died of natural causes • 3 died by suicide • 1 was killed while attemIJting escape

The five IJersons executed sIJent fro m 4-1/2 to 10 years on dea th row, with an average stay of 7 years and 2 months. In addition to the five who were executed, five IJersons died of natural causes, three committed suicide, and one was killed attemIJting to escalJe while in court. Since the major calJital IJunishment deoisions handed down by the SUIJreme Court in 1976, the number removed from death row has drolJped each year with two exceptions--1980 (when 42 IJersons were removed from Alabama's death row after a major court decision there) and 1983.

Over half of the 99 persons no longer under sentence of death at the end of the year were serving reduced sentences (almost all of them life). Twenty-ontl"IJersons were still awaiting retrial and 19 persons were awaiting resentencing. One person had all calJi tal charges dropped.

The median time spent on death row by those who left during 1983 was 38 months. F()C the first time since the death row buildup began anew after 1976, the median time was lower than tha t 0 f the IJrevious year. More than half of the removals occurred in three of the four States with the largest death-row pOIJulations, Florida, Georgia, and Texas. California, with the Na tion's third largest dea th-row IJolJulation, had four removals from dea th row during 1983.

Dea th penalty la ws in 1983

During 1983, 11 States modified existing dea th IJenalty sta tutes. Six of the 11 changed those sections of the law relating to the method of execUtion. Four States (Arkansas, Montana,

North Carolina, and Utah) added lethal injection as a method of execution; Illinois changed from electrocution to lethal injection and Nevada from gas to lethal injection. For the remaining five States, the changes were mainly of a technical nature, including renumbering sections of the law, changing words, and correcting cita tions. Indiana added a new aggravating circumstance to its capital punishment law: that of murder committed by a IJerson serving a prison term with at least 20 years of time remaining.

Fourteen Sta tes IJrovided for more than one method of execution, usually lethal injection or an alterna te method, at the election of the condemned prisoner (figure 7). Electrocution was the most com mon method 0 f execution provided for in the statutes; 18 States had electrocution as a method of execution. Lethal injection was permitted in 13 States; lethal gas in 8 States; hanging in 4 Sta tes; and a firing squad in 2 States. Some States have anticiIJated the IJossibility that lethal injection may be found unconstitutional by IJroviding for an alternate method. Each of the other four methods challenged on Eighth Amendment grounds as cruel and unusual punishment have been found consti tutional.

Almost all dea th IJenalty sta tu tes IJrovide for an automatic review of all dea th sen tences. So me require a review of both conviction and sentence while others require only a review of the sen tence. TYIJically, the review is undertaken by the State supreme court and results in affirming or vacating the conviction alone or both the conviction and sentence. If either the conviction or the sentence is vacated, the case may be re manded to the trial court for additional proceedings. Some statutes also allow the State sUIJreme court to commute a death sentence to life imprison ment.

In some States, a minimum age for the imposition of the dea th IJenalty is cited in State law; in others, the m;nimum age is, in effect, the youngest age a t which a juvenile may be transferred to adult court by judicial waiver. In South Dakota, for example, 10 is the youngest age at which a juvenile may be waived to adult court, and thus, at least technicallY1 the youngest age at which the death IJenalty may be imposed. At the opposite extreme, in New York only persons over age 18 may be executed. The majority of States IJut the age limit at 15 to 18, with 18 being the most IJrevalent age. However, a number of States have neither a sIJecific age at which a juvenile may be transferred to criminal court by judicial waiver nor a minimum age at which the dea th penalty may be imlJosed. In such States, the decision to file capital charges against youthful defendants is at the discretion of the prosecutor.

Methodological note

Sta tistics in this series may vary from other dea th-row counts for any 0 f the following reasons:

Inmates are not added to the NPS death-I'ow counts at the time the court hands down sentence, but at the time they are admitted to a State or Federal correctional facility.

Inmates sentenced to death under sta tutory provisions la ter found unconstitutional are removed from the deathrow count on the da te 0 f the relevan t court finding rather than on the date the finding is applied to individual cases. ThUS, persons who are technically under sentence of death, but who are no longer at risk, are not counted.

NPS dea th-row counts are always as of the last day of the calendar year and will therefore differ from estimates made for more recent IJeriods.


~----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------_.--- ----

Appendix I

Status of death penalty statutes, by jurisdiction, December 31, 1983

General note Most death penalty laws in force prior to the Furman v. Georgia decision of June 29, 1972, provided for the imposition of the death penalty for murder, and, in some States, one or more additional crimes. In that decision, the U. S. Supreme Court found that the death penalty, as then being administered, was "cruel and unusual punishment" in violation of the Eighth Amendment of the U. S. Constitution. Many States revised their laws to conform to standards set by the Furman decision and, subsequently, by other decisions that determined the validity of revised stalutes. Since Furman, critique of individual States' statutes has continued as appeals of capital sentences reached State courts or the U.S. Supreme Court.

Under the revised State laws, the different types of capital murder have been specifically defined. Although varying somewhat from one jurisdiction to another, the kinds of homicide most commonly specified are murder perpetrated during the commission of another felony; murder of a peace officer, corrections employee, or fireman engaged in the performance of official duties; murder by an inmate serving a life sentence; and murder for hire. Different statutory terminology may be used by different States to designate substantively identical crimes; in some States but not necessarily all, such terms as "murder," "1st degree murder," "murder Class A felony," etc., may denote the same offense. While there are other offenses which carry the death penalty, most have not yet had their constitutionality tested.

Key As of December 31. 1983. death penalty: • Was authorized o Was not authorized

Offenses for which death penalty W!IS authorized are hsted in italics.

*(After name orjunsdiction) denotes changes in statutes that occurred during 1983.


o Federal Government

Aircraft piracy resulling ill deatil

Some pre-Furman statutes declared unconstitu· tional. Statute relating to aircraft piracy revised 1974.

• Alabama

Mllrder

Death penalty authorized prior to Furman decision. Statutes revised 1975. Some statutory provisions declared unconstitutional by U.S. Supreme Court June 20. 1980. Statutes revised again Jnl)' 1. 1981.

o Alaska

Death penalty abolished 1957.

• ArlzOI1a*

1 s/ degree mllrder

Death penalty abolished in pa'1 19161 and restored 1918. Statutes revised May 14.1913. July 20. 1978. and July 24. 1982.

• Arkansas

Aggral'ared IIIlIrder Treason

Death penalty authorized prior to Funnan decision. Statute, revised July 24. 1913. Ja.luary I. 1976. and July I. 1983.

• California

1 st degree murder Treasoll Assault by /ife prisoner resulting in death Hindering preparation/or lI'ar cal/sing death Omitting to lIote defects ill arlicles 0/ war

resll/rillg ill death Perjury resulling in the death pellalty Train II'recking resultillg in dearh

Death penalty declared uncon,titutional by State supreme court 1972 but restored by referendum November 1972. Statutes rovised Janunry I, 1914. Some statutory provisions declared unconstitutional by State supreme court December 7. 1976. Statutes revised August 11. 1977. and NovemberS. 1978. Some statutory provisions declared unconstitutional bi State supreme court January 25. 1982.

II Colorado

J sl degree murder 1 st degree kidllapillg , Certaill dmg offenses"

Deal., penalty abolished 1897 but reswred 1901. Statutes revised January I. 1975. but declared unconstitutional by State supreme court October 23. J 978. Statutes revised again July 13. 1979.

II Connecticut

Murder

Death peMlty authorized prior to Furman decision, Statutes revised October 1973. October 1980. and July I. 1981.

j Death penalty retained for Irea",n.

2 Inducing n person age 25 or under to use or adminiMer narcotic drugs unlawfully: unlawfully administering. or dispensing a narcotic drug to n person age 25 or under: using a perSl)O age 25 (If

under in the unla\vful transportation or production nf narcotic drugs.

l1li Delaware

1st degree lIIurder

Death penalty abolished 1958 and restored 1961. Statules amended by State supreme court November I. 1972. revised by State legislature March 29. 1974. but declared unconstitutional by :;".te supreme court OClober 22. 1916. Statute; revised ag'lin May4. 1977. and August 15. 1978.

o District of Columbia

Death penalty authorized prior \0 Funnan decision. Statutes declared unconstitutional by circuit court ()f the District of Columbia November 16,1913.

II Florida

Mllrtler Sexual batte~l)

Death penalty authorized prior to Furman decision. Statutes revised December 8. 1972.

II Georgia

Mllrder Treason Aircraft hijacking Kidnaping lfitll bod;(I' injll~\, Rape ",hen I'iclim dies Armed robbery w/um ~'ictim dies

Death penalty authorized prior to Furman deciSion. Statutes revised March 28. 191:1. Some statutory provisions decl"red unconstitu· tion,,1 by State supreme court April 1976; other provisions d~clared unconstitutional by U.S. Supreme Court June 29. 1977.

o HawaII

Death penalty abolished 19~ 7.

II Idaho*

1 st degree IIIlIrder 1 st degree kidllaping. IInlelS I'i"rilll released

unharmed

Death penalty authorized prior to Furman deciSion. Statutes revised Mareh 17.1973. March 28. 1977, April I. 1980. and March 31. 198~.

II Illinois

.Hllrd,'r

Death penalty authorized prior to Fumlnn decision. StUlues revised November 8. 1973. declared unconstitutional by State supreme ",'urt September 2'1, 1975 and revised June 21. 1977. January 8.1919. and SeptemberS. 1983.

• Indiana

.\IlIrder ClaS! A felollY

Death penalty authorized prior to FumlOn decision. Statutes revised April 24. 1973. declared unconstitutional by State supl'eme court May· 1977. tUld revised again October I. 1977. D~cember 10. IY79. and June 1. 1983.

o Iowa

Death penalty abolished 1872. restored 1878. and abolished again 1965.

o Kansas

Death penalty abolished 1907 and ,"stored 1935. Statute, dedared unconstitutional by State ,upreme court Janllilry 1973.

.1The ,"xu,,1 ~alte" "r a fcn\l\le c\uld age II \,r under by n male age 18 or \llder.

• Kentucky

lsi degree tnurder Kidllapillg II'hell viclim is killed

Death penalty authorized prior to Furman decision, but statutes declared unconstitutional by State court of appeals February 16. 1973. Statutes revised January 1. 1975. and December 26. 1 ~76.

• Louisiana

lsi degree tnurder

Death penalty authorized prior to Furman decision. Statutes revised July 2.1973: some provisions declared unconstitutional by U.S. Supreme Court July 2. 1976: statutes revised October 1976.

o Maine

Death penalty abolished 1876. restored 1883. and abolished again 1887.

• Maryland

lSI degree murder

Death penalty authorized prior to Furman decision, but statutes declared unconstitutional by State court of appeals 1972. Statutes revised July I. 1975. but declared unconstitutional by State supreme court November 9. 1976. Statutesrevised July I. 1978. July 1. 1979. and July I. 1983.

• Massachusetts

Murder

Death penalty authorized prior to Fumlan decision, but statutes declared unconstitutional by State supreme court December 22.1975. Statutes revised August 14. 1979. but declared unconstitutional by State supreme court October 28.1980. Death penalty restored January 1. 1983.

o Michigan

Death penalty abolished in part 18474 and fully abolished 1963. Death penalty prohibited by State constitution.

o Minnesota


• Mississippi

Murder Treasoll Aircraft piracl' Capital rapeS

Death penalty au'horized prior to Furman decision. Statutes revised April 23. 1974. amended by State supreme court October 5. 1976. and revised by State legi,!ature April 13. 1977. and March 29.1983.

• Missouri

Murder

Death penalty abolished 1917. restored 1919. and declared unconstitutional by State supreme court September I 1. 1972. Statutes revised September 28. 1975. and May 26, 1977.

4Death penalty retained for treason.

5The rapeofa female child under the ageofl2 by a person age 18 or older.

• Montana

Deliberale homicide Aggral'aled kidllapilli

Death penalty authorized prior to Furman decision. Statutes revised January I. 1974. and April 8. 1977. Some statutory provisions declared unconstitutional April 26. 1978. Statutes revised April 7, 1983.

• Nebraska

1 sl degree Itlurdt!r

Death penalty authorized prior to Furman decision. Statutes revised April 21. 1973. and July I. 1982.

• Nevada

1 sf degree murder

Death penalty authorized prior to Furman decision. Statutes revised July 1. 1973. July I. 1977. and April 2, 1983.

• New Hampshire

A1urder

Death penalty authorized prior to Funnan decision. but statutes declared unconstitutional by State supreme court 1972. Statutes revised April 15. 1974. and July 1977.

• New Jersey*

Murder

Death penalty statut., declared unconstitutional by State supreme court January 1972. Statutes revised August 6. 1982.

• New Mexico

lsi degree murder

Death penalty abolished in part 19697 Statutes revised March 20. 1973. but declared unconstitutional b) State supreme court September 1976. Statutes revised again July I, 1979.

• NewYor1<

Murder by life prisoller

Death penalty abolished in part 1969.8 Statutes revised September 1,1974. Some statutory provisions declared unconstitutional by State court of appeals November 15. 1977.

• North Carolina

lsi degree murder

Death pellalty authorized prior to Furman decision. Some statutory provis.ions declared unconstitutional by State supreme court January 18.1973. Statutes revised April 8. 1974. but declared unconstitutional by U.S. Supreme Court July 6. 1976. Statutes revised June I. 1977. and 1983.

"Kidnaping Olat results in th.dea'h of the victim.

7 Death penalty retained for killing a police officer or prison or jail guard engaged ill perfonnallce of duty. Death penalty also retained in cases where the defendant commits a ,econd capital felony afiertime for due deliberation and thejury recommends the death sentence.

8Death penalty retained for killing a police officer engaged ill perfonnance of duty or for murder of a guard by a person serving a life sentl!nce or escaping from custody.

o North Dakota

Death penalty abolished in part 1915.9 Statutes expired July 1. 1975. and were not renewed or revised.

51 Ohio

Murder

Death penalty authorized prior to Furman decision. Statutes revised December 22. 1972. alld January I, 1974. but declared unconstitutional by U.S. Supreme Court July 3,1978. Statutes revised July 19. 1981.

.Oklahoma*

Murder RapelO

Death penalty auth(Jrized prior to Funnan decision. Statutes revised May 2.1973. but declared unconstitutional by U.S. Supreme Court July 6. 1976. Statutes revised July 24. 1976. October 19. 1981. and October I. 1982.

o Oregon

Death penalty abolished 1914. restored 1920. abolished again 1964. Statutes restored December 7, 1978. but declared unconstitutional by State supreme court January 20. 1981.

• Pennsylvania

lsi degree murder

Death penalty authorized prior to Furman decision. Statutes revised March 26. 1974. and November I. 1976. but declared unconstitutional by State supreme court November 30, 1977. Statutes revised September 13. 1978.

o Rhode Island

Death penalty abolished in part 1852. 11

Statutes revised June 20. 1973, but declared unconstitutional by Slate supreme court February 19. 1979.

• South Carolina

Murder

Death penalty auth~rized prior to Furman decision. Statutes revised July 2. 1974. but declared unconstitutional by State supreme court July 21.1976. Statutes revised June 8. 1977. and June 30.1978.

• South Dakota *

Murder Kidllapillg II'hell gross permallelll physical

injuf)' is inflicted on rielim.

Death penalty abolished 1915. restored 1939. abolished again October I. 1977. and restored July I. 1979. Statutes revised July I. 1982.

9 Death penalty retained for treason and for firstdegree murder committed by a prisoner serving a life sentence for first-degree murder.

laThe rape ofa female under 14 years of age by a male age 18 or older: the rape of a persoll mentally incompetenL

II Death penalty retained for murder by prisoner serving a lift! sentence.

• Tennessee

I sl degree murder

Death penalty abolished in part 1915 12 and restored 1919. Statutes revi,ed M.y 5.1973. but declared unconstitutional by State supreme court. Statutes revised February 1974. declared unconstitutional by State supreme courtJanuary 24.1977. and revised again April 11. 1977.

• Texas

. Murder

Death penalty authorized prior to Funnan decision. Statutes revised June 14. 1973. June 12.1981. and August 31. 1981.

• Utah*

Murder

, Death penalty authorized prior to Furman decision. Statutes revised July 1. 1973. February 16. 1982. and May 1983.

• Vermont

Murder

Death penalty abolished in part 1965. 13

• Virglnia*

Aggral'aled murder

DeaOI penalty authorized prior to Funnan decision. Statutes revised 1975. July I. 1977. July 1.1979. July 1. 1981. July I, 1982. and March IS. 1983.

• Washington

Aggravated 1st degree murder

Death penalty abolished 1913. restored 1919. but declared unconstitutional by State supreme court March 22. 1973. Statutes revised July I. 1976. and June 10.1977. Death penalty statutes declared unconstitutional by State supreme court April 16. 1981 and reinstated May 14. 1981.

o West Virginia

Death penalty al'olished 1965.

o Wisconsin


• Wyun1ing

1st degrpe murder

Death penalty authorized prior to Funnan decision. Statutes revised February 24, 1973. Some statutory provisions declared unconstitutional by State supreme court January 27. 1977. Statutes revised February 28. 1977. and July 1. 1983.

12 Death penalty retained for rape.

I J Death penalty retained for first-degree murder by persons who commit a second "unrelated" murder and for the first-degree murderofany law enforcement officer or prison employee in perfonnance of duty.


Preceding page blank

Appendix II

Data tables

--------------------------------------" For each data table, the list that follows gives the table title, table number, and page on which it appears:

Historical data, 1930-83

Prisoners executed under civil authority in 1he United States-·

1. By race and offense, 10 2. By year-regions alld States, 11 3. By race and offense-regions and

States, 12

Women executed under civil authority in the United States-4. By year, offense, race, and State, 13

Federal executions in the United States-5. By yea.., offense, race, and State, 13

Summary data, 1968-83

Movement of prisoners under sentence of death-6. By year and race, 14 7. By offense alld race, 15 8. By race--regions and States, 16

Movement of women prisoners under sentence of death-9. By race-regions and Stales, 18

Movement of prisoners of Hispanic origin under sentence of death-10. By regions and States, 19

Prisoners received from court under sentence of death, 1983 (regions and States)-

11. By race and offense, 20 12. By race and age, 22 13. By race and highest grade of

schooling completed, 24 14. By race and marital status at time

of imprisonment, 26 15. By race and legal status at time

of capital offense, 28 16. By race and pliorfelony histor}~ 32

Prisoners removed from death row, 1983 (regions and States)-

17. By race and method of removal, 36 18. By race and current status, 40 19. By race and number of months from

sentencing to disposition, 44 20. By race and offense, 48 21. By race and age at disposition, 50 22. By race and highest grade of

schooling completed, 52 23. By race and marital status at time


of capital offense, 56 25. By race and prior felony histolY, 60

Prisoners under sentence of death, December 31 , 1983 (regions and States)-

26. By race and year received, 65 27. By race alld months elapsed

since sentencing, 66 28. By race and offense, 70 29. By race and age, 72 30. By race and highest grade

of schooling completed, 74 31. By race alld marital status at time


of capital offense, 78 33. By race alld prior history, 82


u -Table 1 (1930-83)

Prisoners executed under civil authority in the United States, by race and offense

All rnces White Black All other races

Year All Other All Other All Other All Other offenses Murder Rape offenses 1 offenSes Murder Rape offenses 1 offenses Murder Rape offenses 1 offenses Murder Rape offenses 1

All yellrs .. " 3,870 3,345 455 70 1,760 1,673 48 39 2,068 1,632 405 31 42 40

1983 .............. 4 4 1 1982 •..•..•••.••••• 1 1 1 1981. •...•.•••..••. 1 1 1980 ............... 1979 •....•••••.•••. 1978 ....•..••.....• 19'77 .••••....••..•• 1976 ............... 1975 ••••.•••••••••. 1974 •.•.••.•.•...•• 1973 .••••.•.•..••.• 1972 ...•••.••.••••• 1971 ............... 1970 .•••..•.•••.•••

1969 ••••••.•.••.••• 1908 ..•••.••.•.•••. 1967 ••.•..••••••.•• 2 2 1 1 1966 .•.••••••••..•• 1 1 1 1 1965 •.••.. 7 7 6 6 1 1 1964 .•.•••.....•••• 15 9 8 5 7 4 3 1963 .••••.•.••.•.•. 21 18 13 12 8 6 2 1962 •..••••...••••• 47 41 I, 28 26 19 15 2 1961. ... 42 33 8 20 18 22 15 7 1960 ••...•••••.•.•• 56 41, 8 21 18 35 26 8

1959 .••••..••••...• 49 41 8 16 15 33 26 7 1958 ............... 49 41 7 20 20 28 20 7 1957 •.••••.•..••.•• 65 54 10 34 32 31 22 8 1956 ••••.•....•..•• 65 52 12 21 20 43 31 12 1955 •..•.•.••••••.. 76 65 7 44 41 1 32 24 6 1954 ............... 81 71 9 38 37 1 42 33 8 1953 ............... 62 51 7 30 25 1 4 31 25 6 1952 •.•••••.•.••.•• 83 71 12 36 35 1 47 36 11 1951. ••.•.••....•.• 105 87 17 57 55 2 47 31 15 1950 •••...•....•..• 82 68 13 40 36 4 42 32 9

1949 ••••••••••••••• 119 107 10 50 49 67 50 10 1948 ............... 119 95 22 35 32 82 61 21 1947 ............... 153 129 23 42 40 111 89 21 1946 ............... 131 107 22 46 45 84 61 22 1945 ............... 117 90 26 41 37 4 75 52 22 1944.; ............. 120 9b 24 47 45 2 70 48 22 1943 ............... 131 118 13 54 54 74 63 11 1942 ••••••••••••••• 147 115 25 67 57 80 58 21 1941. .............. 123 102 20 59 55 63 46 16 1940 ............... 124 105 15 49 44 75 61 13

1939 ............... 160 145 12 3 80 79 77 63 12 3 1938 ............... 190 154 25 11 96 89 92 63 21, 2 1937 ............... 147 133 13 1 69 61 74 62 11 I, 4 1936 ............... 195 181 10 4 92 86 4 101 93 8 2 2 1935 ............... 199 184 13 2 119 115 2 77 60 11 3 3 1934 ............... 168 154 14 65 64 102 89 13 1 1 1933 ............... 160 151 7 17 75 81 74 6 2 2 1932 ••..••.•••••••• 140 128 10 62 62 75 63 10 3 3 1931. .••.•••••••••• 153 137 15 17 76 72 ,7 14 4 4 1930 ............... 155 147 0 90 90 65 57 6

- Represents zero.

1 Includes 25 executed for armed robbery J 20 for kidnapping, 11 for burglary I 6 ,for sabotage, 6 for nggravated assault, and 2 for espionage.


Table 2 (1030-83)

Prisoners t,1xecuted under civil authority in the United States, by year-regions and States

Region and State 1983 1982 1981 1980 1975- 1970- 1965- 1960- 1955- 1950- 19/,5- 1940- 1935- 1930-Total 1979 1974 1969 1964 1959 1954 1949 1944 1939 1934

Uni ted States .... , ......... 3,870 10 181 304 413 639 645 891 776

Fedornl •••••••.•.........•••.•••• 33 1 3 6 6 7 9 1 State ............................ 3,837 10 180 301 407 633 638 882 775

Northeast ......................•. 608 17 51 56 74 110 145 155 Maine ••••.••••••••••••••••••••. New Hllmpshire ••.••••••••••••••• 1 Vermont •••••••••.••••.••••••••• 4 Massnchusetts •••••••••••••••••• 27 11 Rhode Island .•.••.•............ Connecticut ....•..............• 21 1 5 5 5 3 2 New york •••••••••••••••••••..•• 329 10 25 27 36 78 73 80 New Jersey ••.•••.•••••••••••••• 74 3 9 8 8 6 16 24 Penllsyl vania .....•..•....... '" 1;2 3 12 19 21 15 41 41

Nortt. Contral ......•.......... '" 404 16 16 42 64 42 113 105 Ohio ...••.•...•••.•••....••.••. 172 7 12 20 36 15 39 43 Indinna. •.••....•••..•.........• 42 1 2 5 2 20 11 Illinois .............•••• " ...... 90 2 8 5 13 27 34 Michigan .•.•........•.•....•..• Wisconsin ••.••••••••••••••••••• Minnesota ......•..•••..•.•.••.• Iowa •• , .•••.....•..•.•..•.•.•.• 18 7 1 Missouri ••••.•.••••.•••.•....•. 62 20 16 North Dakota ••.•.•••••.•••••.•• South Dakota •••••••..•••••...•• 1 Nebraska •.••.••..•....••.....•• 4 Kansas ••••.•••••••••••.••.••••• 15 4

South •.••...••...•.••..••.•.•.•.. 2,314 102 183 2lf4 419 413 524 419 Delaware ..•...•...•..••..•••••. 12 2 2 6 2 Maryland ••••..•......••.••.•••• 68 4 2 19 26 10 6 District of Columbia ••.•.•.••.• 40 1 3 13 3 5 15 Virginia ......................... 93 8 15 22 13 20 8 West Virginia ••..•••..•.•...••• 40 4 5 9 2 10 10 North Carolina •••.••.•....•.••. 263 1 5 14 62 50 80 51 South Carolina ..•.............. 162 8 10 16 29 32 30 37 Georgia .••...••.••.•...••.••••. 367 14 34 51 72 58 73 64 Floridn .•.....•.••••....•••..•• 172 12 27 22 27 38 29 15 I{cntucky ..•••.••.•••.....•... " 103 1 8 8 15 19 34 18 Tennessee •..•••••••..•..•••..•. 93 1 7 1 18 19 31 16 Alnbama ••.•.•.•••.••...••...... 136 4 6 14 21 29 41 19 Mississirpi ......•......••.•... 155 10 21 15 26 34 22 26 Arkansas •..•....••••..•....•.•• 118 9 7 11 i8 20 33 20 LoUisiana ••..••.••.••....•..... 134 1 13 14 23 24 19 39 Oklahoma •••••.•..•.•..•..••...• 60 5 3 4 7 6 9 25 Texas ••••••••••••••••• ~ •••••••• 298 29 25 49 36 38 72 48

West ••.•••••.•..•••.••...•••.•..• 511 45 51 65 76 73 100 96 Montana •.•.•.•..•.•••.•••••••.• 6 1 4 1 Idaho •.••....•....••..••••...•• 3 Wyoming ......................... 7 3 Colorado •.••..••.•..•.••..•.•.• 47 5 2 1 7 16 New Mexico ....•....•....••.•.•• 8 1 1 2 2 2 Arizona .....•..•.......•..•..• ~ 38 4 6 2 3 6 10 7 Utah •••••.•••••••• , •••••••••••• 14 1 4 2 1 J 2 Nevada •••.•••.•••.•••••••.••••• 30 2 9 5 5 3 5 Washington •...•••••...•.•••.•.. 47 2 4 7 9 13 10 Oregon ..•...••.•••......•••...• 19 1 4 6 6 1 1 California ••.....•••.••........ 292 29 35 39 45 35 57 51 Ala.ska 1 ...••••.••••.••...•.•..• Hawnii 1, ........................

~UTE: 701' the status of death penalty statutes in each jurisdiction, see appendix table.

- Represents zero.

lAs S totes. Alaska and Hawaii nrc included in the series beginning January 1, 1960.


Table 3 (1930-83)

Prisoners executed under civil authority in the United States, by race and offense-regions and States

All races White IHack All othICPT reees

· i:' · i:' · i:' · i:' Region and state · . · . • • · • ~ " " · " ~ " ~ " " c .g " .g " " · 0 c · ~ • ~ · .g

~ ::: ~ k 'il. ..

k ~ ::: ~ .. ~

"~ .. :; " .. .. ~ .. 0 • . '0 . 0 • '0 ~ 0 . '0 . ~ 0 • '0 . ~

.... 1:: . c . 1:: . e c . 1:: • e c • 1:: . . " . .. ~ '0 f .... .. '0 f ::l .. '0 '" ::: .. ~ '0 '" .... i . .... .... i • .... " . ::1 /) " . .... b .. '" .. '" 0 .. '" .. '" 0 .. '" '" .. .. '" " .. '" Un! ted Sta Les .••••••• 3,870 3,345 455 25 20 25 1,760 1,673 48 20 13 2,068 1,632 405 19 12 42 40

Federal •••••••••••••••••••• 33 15 2 2 6 8 28 10 2 6 3 2 2 State ..•...•••.••.•..•..... J,837 3,330 453 23 14 17 1,732 1,663 46 14 2,065 1,629 1,05 19 12 40 38

Northeast •..••...•...•••••. 608 606 424 422 177 177 Maine ••••••••••• , •••••••• New Hampshire •••••••••••• 1 1 1 1 Vermont •••••••••••••••••• 4 4 4 4 MassachuBetts .•...•..••.• 27 27 25 25 Rhode Island •••••••••.••• Connecticut .••.•....•.••. 21 21 18 18 3 3 New york •••••••.••••••••• 329 327 234 232 90 90 New J.arsey ••••••••••••••• 74 74 47 47 25 25 Pennsylvania ..••.•..•••.• 152 152 95 95 57 57

North Central •.••..•...•••• 404 394 10 258 255 144 137 Ohio ••••••••••••••••••••• 172 172 104 104 67 67 Indiana •••••••••..••••••• 42 42 32 32 10 10 1111n01s. ~., ....•.•••...• 90 90 59 59 31 31 Michigan ...............•• Wisconsin ................. Minnesota .................. Iowa ....................... 18 18 18 18 Missouri •.• ~ •..•...•..•.. 62 52 10 29 26 33 26 North Dakotn •••.•.••.•••• South Dakotn ••....••.•••. 1 1 1 1 Nebraska .•••....•.•....•. 4 4 3 3 Kansas .....•.•...•....... 15 15 12 12

South ...•••..•.......•••••. 2,314 1,832 443 23 11 643 591 43 - 1,661 1,233 398 19 11 10 Delaware ...•.........•.•• 12 8 4 5 4 1 7 4 3 Maryland .................. 68 44 24 13 7 6 55 37 18 Dis trict of Columbia .•.•. 40 37 3 3 3 37 34 3 Virginia •............•..• 93 72 21 18 18 75 54 21 West Virginia ........•... 40 36 1 31 28 9 8 1 North Carol ina •....•.•..• 263 207 47 59 55 4 199 149 41 south Carolina ...•...•••• 162 120 42 35 30 5 127 90 37 Georgia ........••....••.. 367 300 61 69 66 3 298 234 58 Florida .................... 172 135 36 59 57 1 113 78 35 Kentucky .................. 103 88 10 51 47 1 52 41 9 Tennessee ................. 93 66 27 27 22 5 66 44 22 Alabama ..•........•..•••. 136 107 22 5 29 27 2 107 80 20 5 Mississippi ................. 155 131 21 3 31 31 124 100 21 3 Arkansas .... , ............. 116 99 19 27 25 90 73 17 Louisiana ..........••.•.. 134 117 17 30 30 104 87 17 Oklahoma .................. 60 54 4 42 40 15 11 4 Te~as ......... 0 ••••••• 00 •• 296 211 84 114 101 13 183 109 71

West .....•....•. o .0 •• 0 ••••• 511 498 407 395 83 82 21 21 Montana ................... 6 6 4 4 2 2 Idllho ..................... 3 3 3 3 Wyoming ..•.......•..•.... 7 7 6 6 1 1 Colorado .................. 47 47 41 41 5 5 New Mexico ......•..•.•... 8 8 6 6 2 2 Arizona •......•.......... 38 38 28 28 10 10 Uhh ..................... 14 14 14 14 Nevada .................... 30 30 28 28 2 2 Washington •.•. 0 •••••••••• 47 46 40 39 5 5 Oregon ......•.•.•.....••. 19 19 16 16 3 3 California •.••••..••...•. 292 280 221 210 53 52 18 18 Alo.ska 2 .•..••..•..••••... Hawn!! 2 ..........•..••..•

NOTE: For the status of des th pennl ty statutes in each jurisdiction, s.o appendix table.

- Represents zero.

lIn this category, the eight Federal executions were for sabotage (six) and espionage (two) • The nine executions in North Carolina and the two in Alabama were for burglary. In Cnlifornia, the six executions were for tlggravated assault committed by prisoners under life sentence.

2As States, Alaska and Hawaii are included in the series beginning January 1, 1960.


L........ ________________________ ----------------- ----- ~---------

Table 4 (1930-83)

Women executed under civil authority in the United States, by year, offense, race, and State

Year

All years ••••.••.•.•...••••.

196Z .••••••••••••••.••.•.•..•••••• 1957 ......................... . 1955 ••••••••••••.....••••••••••••• 1954 ••••.•••••••.•••.••••...•••.•• 1953 ............................. .

195L ............................ . 1947 ............................ .. 1946 ............................. . 1945 ............................. . 1944 ••.•••••••.••••••.•.•••••.•.••

1943 •••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••• 194Z ............................. . 194L ............................ . 1938 ............................. . 1937 ............................ ..

1936 •••.••••••••••••.••••••.••.••• 1935 ............................. . 1934 ............................ .. 1931. ........................... .. 1930 ...•.••••••••••••••••••••••.••

Total

Note: There have been no executions of women Since 1962.

- Hepresents zero.

otcense

30

Ilncludes eme kidnaping nnd one es",iona~p case (both Federal>,

Table 5 (1930-83)

Federal executions in the United States, by year, offense, race, and State

Year

Of fense

Total Murder Kidnaping l

All years .••••••••••••.•••••

1963 ............................ .. 1957 ............................. . 1956 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1954 ............................ .. 1953 ............................. . 1950 .••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••

1948 •••.• _ •••••••••••••••••••.•••• 1945 ............................. . 1943 ............................ .. 194Z ............................ ..

1939 ••••.••••••.•••••..•..•••••••• 1936 ••.••••.•••••.••••..•••••.••••

1934 ............................. . 1930 •.•••..•••••••.••.•••..••••.••

15

Note: There have been no Federal executions Since 1963.

- Represents zero.

Other t

Other2

lZ

Race

Whi te

zo

Race

whUe Black

Z8

Slate 1n which executed Black

lZ

- Cali fornia - Alabama - CaUfornla

Ohio - Alabama, Federal (Missouri and New York)

New York California, South Carolina Pennsylvania Georgia Misetsslppi, New York, North Carolina

South Carolina I Ml sats!!! ppl. North Carolina - Louisiana - California - ll11n01s, Ohio

MiSSissippi

- New York Delaware

- New York - Pennsyl Vania

Arizona, Alabama

American Indian

- Iowa - Georgia - M1 asouri - New York

State 1n which executed

- Missouri (2) I New York (2) Alaska

- California (3), Alaska CU, Florida (l)

- Wyoming - Tenhessee

District of Columbia

Alaska - Kansas (2), Illinois (l), Indiana (U,

Michlgan (l> I nd i ana (U. Ari zona (1), Okl ahoma {l)

- Kansas

lUnder the Federal kidnapin~ statute prior to 1968. the death penalty could be imposed if the victim was not released unharmed. In all of the cases in this table but the one in 1936. the victim was killed by thE" kidnaper.

2Includes two cases of rape on n Federal reservation (19')7>, two cases of espionage (1953), six cases of sabotage (1942), ar.d two cases of bank robbery with homicide (1938).


Table 6 (193(}83)

Movement of prisoners under sentence of death, by year and race

All races

Year Disposi tions

Received death Other than

sentence execu tian Executions

1983 ••••••••••••••••••••• 252 108 1982 .................... . 281 76 1981 ••••••••••••••••••••• 250 80 1980 .................... . 199 101 1979 ................... .. 172 59 1978 ................... .. 209 ISO 1977 .................... . 159 155 1976 .................... . 249 317 1975 .................... . 322 78 1974 .................... . 167 57 1973 ................... .. 42 ~112

1972 .................... . 83 391 1971 .................... . Il3 102 1970 .................... . 133 77

143 ( 85

lJ8i 78 1969 .................... . 19&8 ................... ..

Black

Disposi tions lleceived

death Other than sentence execution Executions

1983 .................... . 99 38 1982 .................... . Il4 27 19B1. .................. .. 115 25 1980 .................... . 75 47 1979 ................... .. 66 27 1978 .................... . 84 79 1977 .................... . 75 78 1976 .................... . 105 172 1975 .................... . 174 40 1974 ................... .. 84 24 1973 .................... . 26 124 1972 ••••••••••••••••••••• 51 217 1971 .................... . 57 60 1970 .................... . 66 41 1969 .................... . 77 38 1968 ................... .. &8 43

Under sentence Received of den th death

December 31 sentence

1.202 151 1. 063 163

860 131 691 LZ3 593 104 482 123 423 82 420 144 488 145 244 78 134 IS 334 32 642 54 631 66 575 66 517 69

IInder sentellc!> Heee! ved of den th denth

on December 31 sentence

500 2 440 4 354 4 264 I 236 2 197 2 192 195 262 128

68 166 332 33, 310 271

White

Disposi tions

Other than exceu tian ExeC'U tions

68 4 49 1 55 1 54 29 71 77

137 37 32

IlR 171 41 36 46 35

All other races

Disposi tiOI1S

Other than execution Executions

Under sentence of denth

on December 31

690 611 498 423 354 281 229 225 218 110

64 167 306 293 263 243

(Inder sentence of dee th

on December 31

12 12

8 4 J 4 2

8 6 2 1 4 3 2 3

NOTE: Figures for 1980 through 1982 have been revised from those reported in cnpitol PUnishment, 1982, NPS Bulletin SD-NPS-Cp-ll, December 1983. In addition. ns n result of a major procedural change regarding dispositions. the number of dispositions other than execution and the number n! persons under se-ntence of death in 1976 and subsequent yanrs orc not I'Itrictly compnrnblt' to corresponding dntn for earlier yenrs. Spc Methodology ror (>xplanation.

- Represents zero.


Table 7 (1930-83)

Movement of prisoners under sentence of death, by offense and race

Offense

Total •••••••••••••••••••

Murder •••••••••••••••••••••••• Rape J •••••••••••••••••••••••••

Kidnaping •••.••. " •••••••••••• Other •••••••••••••••••••.•••••

Total ••.••••••••••••••••

Murder .......•••..•...•.••.••• Rape J •••••••••••••••••••••••••

Kidnaping •.••.••••...••.•....• Other ..•..••••••..•.••.•.•..•.

- Represents zel'O,

Under sentence

of death on December 31,

1982'

1,063

1,062 1

Under sentence


1982'

440

439 1

Rece! ved from

court

252

252

Rccei ved from

court

99

99

All races

DispOBi tions

Other than

execu- Execu-tion Hons

108

107

Blnck

lJisposi tions

Other than

execution

38

37 1

Execu-Hons

Under sentence


1983

1,202

1,202 1

Under sentence


1983

500

500

Under sentence

of denth on Oecember 31,

1982'

611

611 1

Under sentence

of :leath on December 31,

1982'

12

12

White

Dispositions

Other Ueceived than

from execu- Execu-court tion tions

151 68

151 68 4 1

All other racos 2

Recei ved from

court

Disposi tions

Other than

exeC'I-tion

Executions

Under sentence


1983

690

690

Under sentence


1983

12

12

lTotal for December 31; 1982, was revised from that reported in Capital Punishment, 1982, NPS Bulletin SD-NPS-Cp-ll, December 1983, to include 23 inmates (l in Pennsylvania, 1 in Illinois, 1 in Delaware, 6 in Georgia, 1 in Tennessee, 2 in Alabama, B in Louisiana, 1 in Oklahoma, 1 in Texas and 1 in Nevada) who, although sentenced to death prior to 1983, were either reported late to the NPS program or not admitted to the custody of the relevant correctional authorities by December 31, 1982, and to exclude 10 inmates (1 in Georgia, 3 in Florida, 2 in Tennessee, 2 in Mississippi; 1 in Arkansas and 1 in Oklahoma) who were relieved of the death sentence prior to 1983,

zPersons enumerated under "All Other Races" were American Indian and Asian. JThe person enumerated under the category IIRape ll was under sentence of death for sexual battery.


-I

Table 8 (1983)

Movement of prisoners under sentence of death, by race-ragions and States

ALL RACES WHITE

DISPOSITIONS DISPOSITIONS

REG I ON AND STATE UNDER OTHER UNDER UNDER OTHER UNDER

SENT!;NCE RECEIVED THAN SENTENCE SENTE~CE RECEIVED THAN SENTENCE OF DEATH ON FROM EXECU- EXECU- OF DEATH ON OF DEATH ON FROM EXECU- EXECU- OF DEATH ON

DEC. 31, 1982 1 COURT TlON TlONS DEC. 31. 1983 DEC. 31 f 1982' COllRT TlDN TlONS DEC. 31. 1983

UNITED STATES 106' 252 106 1202 611 151 68 690

FEOtRAL • STATE •• 106' 252 106 1202 611 151 66 690

NORTHEAST 26 19 37 14 20 MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT. NEW YORK. • • 1 1 NEW JERSEY •• 3 3 1 PENNSYLVANI A. 26 15 3' 14 19

NORTH CENTRAL 101 39 136 44 2J 65 OHIO ••• J 15 18 I 8 9 INDIANA. 15 6 21 8 4 i? ILLINOIS. 50 16 64 16 9 26 MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• 21 23 11 NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOl'A. NE6RASKA. 12 10 KANSAS ••

SOUTH • • • 721 143 62 777 402 66 54 ~ 4JO DELAWARE. 6 6 3 3 MARYLAND ••

COLUMBi A: 14 11 5 3

DISTRICT OF VIRGINIA •••• 19 20 WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA, 26 11 6 " 1'5 5 16 SOUTH CAROLINA. 17 12 1 26 9 6 15 GEORGIA • 105 7 9 102 51 6 5 51 FLORIDA •• 186 34 ?6 193 108 20 14 113 KENTUCKY •• 1) 6 19 12 5 17 TENNESSEE • 26 5 2 31 21 1 20 ALABAMA • • 36 13 1 49 9 5 13 MISSISSIPPI 35 5 2 37 14 4 16 ARKANSAS. 23 1 2 22 16 14 LOUISIANA 21 5 I 24 8 5 13 OKLAHOMA. 39 6 6 39 32 4 6 30 TEXAS • 149 JJ 19 163 92 23 17 98

~EST ••• 215 51 14 252 151 35 11 175 MONTANA 3 I q 2 1 3 IDAHO. 7 7 7 7 wyoHING • 3 3 3 3 COLORADO. • 2 I 2 1 NEW MEXICO. 5 6 4 5 ARI'ZONA • • 51 51 46 46 UTAH •••• 3 4 1 1 NEVADA. 16 23 IJ 15 WASHINGTON. 3 4 , , OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. 120 J3 149 70 23 91 ALASKA ••• HAWAII ••

See footnotes at end of table.


BLACK ALL OTHER RACES 2

DISPOSITIONS DISPOSITIONS

REGION AND STATE UNDER OTHER UNDER UNDER OTHER UNDER

~ENTENCE RECEIVED THAN SENTENCE SENTENCE RECEIVED THAN SENTENCE OF DEATH ON FROM EXECU. EXECU. OF DEATH ON OF DEATH ON FROM EXECU· EXECU. OF DEATH ON

DEC. 31. 19B2' COURY TlON TIOI~S DEC. 31. 1963 DEC. 31, 1982 COURT "(ION TlONS DEC. 31. 1983

UNITED STATES qqO 99 36 500 12 12

FEOERAL • STATE • qqO 99 36 500 12 12

NORTHEAST 12 12 17 MAINE • NEW HAMPSHiRE VERMONT MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTTCUT • NEW YORK. 1 N.W JERSEY. 2 PENNSYLVANIA. 12 lq

NORTH CENTRAL 56 16 70 OHIO. ? 7 9 INOIANA • 7 2 9 ILLINOIS. 32 7 36 MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN ~INNESOTA IOWA. MISSOURI: 12 12 NORTH DAKOTA: SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS.

SOUTH • 315 57 26 3q3 DELAWARE. 3 3 MARYLAND. DISTRICT OF COLUMBiA:

9 8

VIRGINIA. 11 11 WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. 12 6 2 16 SOUTH CAROLINA. 6 6 I 13 GEORGIA. 5q 1 q 51 FLORIDA • 76 lq 12 60 KENTUCKY. I 1 2 TENNESSEE • 6 q 10 ALABAMA 29 8 36 MISSISSIPpi 21 I 21 ARKANSAS. 7 1 8 LOUISIANA 13 11 OKLAHOMA. 6 q 8 TEXAS • 57 to 65

WEST. 57 lq 70 MONTANA 1 I IOAHO • WYOMING. COLORADO. NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA • UTAH. NEVADA. WASHINGTON. OREGON. CALIFORNiA: qq 53 ALASKA. HAWAI I.

- Represents zero.

I See Footnote 1 J Table 7 . 1Persons enumerated under "All Other Rnces" include 7 American Indinnn nnd 5 Asians.


Table 9 (1983)

Movement of women prisoners under sentence of death, by race-regions and States

Region Rnd State

Uni ted Sta.tes •. , •••••.•••••

Federal. '0' ••••• I •••••••••••••••••

State. I ••••••• , ••••••••••••••••••

Northeast ••••••••••••••••••••••••

North Central ••••••• o ••••••••••••

Ohio ••••.••••••••••••••••• , ••••

Soutlt •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Maryland ••••••••••••••••••••••• North Carolina ••••••••••••••••• Georgia •••••••••••••••••••••••• Altr.bama •••••••••••••••••••••••• Mi!l!li.!ll!lippi •••••••••••••••••••• Oklahoma ••••••••••.••••••••••• ; Tn](;.a.!I. ••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Wost •••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••

Under sentence

ot death on Rocci ved December 31, from

1982 court

14

14

13 2 I 4 I I 2 2

All rnces

Pisposi tlons

Oth.~ I than exec.U- E.)(ecu-

ticn tions

Under sentence

or death on December :U,

1983

13

13

1 2

10 1 1 J

Under sentence

at death on December J 1,

1982

II

11

11 ~ 1 J

Received from

COUrt

Whito

D1.sposl tions

Other tban

Executions

Under sentenco

of dcMh on December 31,

1983

I 1

Nevada ••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~ __ ~L-__ ~ __ -L __ ~ ______ ~ ____ L-__ J-__ -L __ ~ ____ __

A.ll other rflcos

Unit~d States •.••..•...•••

Federal •••••••••.••..••.••• , ..••• State ••••••.••••.•.••••.••.•.•..•

Northne.st ••••••.•.• , , ••••.••••.••

North Central •••••••••••.•.••.•.• Ohio .••••• , •••••.••••••••••••••

South •••••.•.•••••••.••.•.•.••.•• Maryland •••••• , •••••••.•••••.•• North Carolina" •••••••••.• , ••• GeQrgia. •••••••••••••••••••••••• Alabama •••••••.•••••••••.•••.. , Mississippi ••••••••••• , •••••••• Oklahoma, •••••••••.•••••••••••• Te""s ••••••..••..••..••..•• , •••

West •••••••••• , •••••••••••••••••• Nevada ••••••••••.•••••.••..•••.

Under sentence

of death on Received DQcember 31, from

1982 court

NOTE: All felltales were under scntcn<!e ot death tor murdl·r.

- Represents ~oro.

Blnck

Dispo"l tions

Other than

execution

Execu-Hons

Under tinder sentence sentence

of death on of dellth on December 31. l)cccmber 31.

1983 1982

Hcceived from

court

Dispositions

Othe~ 1· than I

cxecu- f.xecu-tian tions

Uadtr 8entenC()

of death on December 31.

1983

lrotal for December 31, 1982, was revised £rom that reported in Capital Punishment, 1982, Nl"S BullNin SD-NPS-CP-tl, December 1983, to include one inmat(' in Oklahoma WlO, a1.though senunc.ed to d(!;oth prior to 1.9B21 was (!-ithet reported ta.te in tl\f;: NPS program or not adm1tt'C.d to the c'Istody of the rele. ... ant correc.tional authorities by December 31, 1982.

..


- - - -----------

Table 10 (1983)

Movement of prisoners of Hispanic origin under sentence of death -regions and States

Dispositions

RC'p:ion and State Under sen tencc

of death on IJccembct' 31. 1982

Received I--------~------__I

United Stutes .....

Federal ... State .• , .•.•.•••••.....•..•••....•.••.

Northeast .•••.....•.••.....•.•....••.. , Pennsylvania •••...•••.••.•••••..•.•••

North Central ......................... . Indiana ••••••.•••.••••••••.••••..•••• Illinois •••••••.•.••.••••.•••...•••.•

South .••••...•........•.•••• , •..•..•.•. Virginia ..• , •..•.... " .•.•• , •..••.... Florida •.••..•••.•.••.•.....•...•..•• Arkansas ••••••.••••••.••••••••• , ••••• Tt!'xas, •••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••

West •.•.••••••••••••••.•••••••••.•.•••• Idaho •••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Colorado •••.••••••••••••••.••••.••••• ~ew Mexico •••••••••••••.••••••••••.•• Arizona ••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••• lItnh •••••••••••••••••••••••••• • •• ·• •• Nevada •.••••••••••••• , .•••••••••••••• Cnlifornia ••••••••••••••••••••.•• , •••

- Hepresents zero.

59

59

25 1 5 1

18

30 1 1 2 5 1 2

18

from court

18

18

Other thnn execution Executions

Under sentence of death on

December 31, 1983

72

72

29

8 1

20

36 1

2 6 1 l

24


.


Table 11 (1983)

Prisoners received from court under sentence of death, by race and offense-regions and States

ALL RACES

REGION AND STATE KIONAP- ALL ALL

OFFEN~ES MURDER RAPE 1M OTHER OFFENSES

UNITED STATE'

FEDERAL • STATE •

NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSH IRE VERMONT ••• ,~ASSACHUSETT~ RHODE ISLAND. CO'INECTICUT NEW YORK. • NEW JERSEY. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH OAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSIS.

SOUTH • • • DELAWARE.

6~~r~~~~' OF cOLUMBiA: VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA • KENTUCKY. TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST. MONTANA IDAHO. WYOMING • COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA • UTAH •• NEVAOA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALAsKA. HAWAII.

Sec footnotes <j"t ()nd of t<lble.

1 3

15

39 15

6 16

11 1,

7 3q

6 5

1)

5 I 5 8

3J

51 1

3J

25>

25>

19

I J

15

39 15

6 16

11 12

7 3q

6 5

t:l 5 1 5 8

3)

51 1

3J

151

151

23 8 q 9

86

5 6 6

20 .5 1 5 q

5 q

23

35 1

MURoeR

151

151

23 8 q 9

86

5 6 6

20 5 1 5 q

5 q

23

35 I

WHITE

KIDNAP-RAPE ING OTHER

---- ------------_._------"-------

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATE,

FE~ERAL • STATE ••

I-/ORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT. NEW YORK ••• NEW JERSEY. • "ENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MlSSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •

SOtiTH ••• nELAWAAE.

~~m~~~· OF COL-UMB i A: VIRGINIA •••• wEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLI NA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA • FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSI"PI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST ••• MONTANA IDAHO. WYOMING • COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFOR~IA. ALASKA. • • HAWAI[ •••

- Represents :ocrn,

ALL OFFENSES

99

99

I?

16 7 , 7

57

6 6 \

lq 1 q 8 1 1

q 10

lq

MURDER

99

99

12

16 7 ~ 7

57

6 6 1

lq 1 q 8 1 1

q 10

lq

lPersons ('numernted under ".\11 oth(ll' !lnces" \\Ioro Asian.

BLACK

I KIDNAP- '

RAPE I~r-.

ALL OTHER RACeS'

ALL KlnNAP-OTHER OFFENSES MURDER RAPE ING OTHER


Table 12 (1983)

Prisoners received from court under sentence of death, by race and age-regions and States

REG I ON AND STATE

UNITED STATEs.

FEDERAL •• STATE •••

NORTHEAST. MAINE ••••• NE~ HAMPSHIRE. VERMONT. • • • MASSACHUSETTS. RHODE ISLAND CONNECTICUT. NEW YORK • • NEW JERSEy • PENNSVLVANIA

NORTH CENTRAL. OHIO ••• INDIANA •• ILt.INOIS • MICHIGAN • WISCONSIN. MINNESOTA. IOWA ••• MISSOURI •• NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA NERRASKA KANSAS •

SOUTH ••• DEl-AWARE MARYLAND • • • • • • DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA VIRGINIA ••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROL INA SOUTH CAROl.! NA GEORGIA •• Ft.ORIDA ••• KENTUCKV • • TENNESSEE. • ALABAMA ••• ~ISSISSIPPI. ARKANSAS • LOUISIANA. OKLAHOMA TEXAS. •

WEST ••• MONTANA. IDAHO •• wyOMING. COLORADO • NEW MEXICO ARIZONA •• UTAH ••• NEVADA • • WASHINGTON OREGON • • CAl.!FORNIA ALASKA • • HAWA II • •

See foot"otes at end o£ table.


ALL RACES

55 UNDER 20 TO 25 TO 30 TO 35 TO 40 TO YEA~S

ALL 20 24 29 34 39 54 AND ~EDIAN AGES YEA~S YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS OVER AGE

1 )

15

39 15

6 16

11 1~

7 34

6 5

13 5 1 5 8

33

51 1

33

11

11

6

13 7 2 3

39

~ 1

11

16

10

56

56

38

2 2 1

10 1 3 2 1 1 2 5 8

qq 29

qq

21 13

15

11

27.3

27.3

~5.8

(B) (B)

25.3

25.5 23.3 20.0 30.0

IS)

26.9

(B)

34.5 26.0 29.5 29.0 29.0 25.3 ~7 .5 ~5.5

(B) 20.5 25.3 27.5

29.5 (B)

(BI 30.5 (B)

n.o (B)

30.1

WHITE

55 UNDER 20 TO 25 TO 30 TO 35 TO 40 TO YEARS

ALL 20 2q 29 3q 39 5q AND MEDIAN AGES YEARS YEARS YEARS yEARS YEARS YEARS OVER AGE

151

151

23 8 q 9

86

5 o 6

20 5 1 5

5 q

23

35 1

4q

4q

11

32

21

2 3 6

25

25

21

21

11

2 1 1 3 1

21

21

13

27.9

27.9

35.5

IB) 20.0

2q.5 23.0

(S) 32.5

IS)

28.0

(B)

2Q.5 26.0 30.0 33.0 32.5

(BI 30.3

(B)

20.5 (S)

28.3

29.3 (B I

(B) 31.0

(B) (B)

28.5

~------------------------------------------------------------.----------------------------------

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES.

FEDERAL. • STAT~ •••

NORTHEAST. ~A!NE ••••• NEW HAMPSHIRE. VERMONT •••• ~ASSACHUSETTS • RHODE ISLAND CONNECTICUT. NEW YORK • • NEW JERSEY • PE~NSYLVANIA

NORTH CENTRAL. OHIO ••• INDIANA •• ILLINOIS • MICHIGAN • WISCONSIN. MINNESOTA. IOWA ••• MISSOURI •• NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA NEBRASKA KANSAS •

SOUTH ••• D:LAWARE MARYLAND • • • • • • DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA VIRGINIA ••• WEST VIRGINIA. NOPTH CAROLINA SOUTH CAROLINA GEORGIA •• ".ORIDA ••• KENTUCr,v •• TENNESSEE. • ALABAMA. • • MISSISSIPPI. ARKANSAS • LOUISIANA. OKLAHOMA TElIAS ••

WEST ••• MONHNA. IDAHO •• WYOMING. COLORADO • NEW MEXICO ARIZONA •• UTAH ••• NEVADA • • WASHINGTON OREGON • • CALI"ORNIA ALASKA • • HAWAI I ••

ALL AGES

99

99

I?

16 7 , 7

57

6 6 I

Iq I q 8 I I

q 10

Iq

UNDER 20

YEA~S

BLACK

20 TO 25 TO 30 TO 35 TO qO TO 2q 29 3q 39 5q

yEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS

29 2q 18 13

29 ?q 18 13 8

16 17 10

55 yEARS

AND OVER

=1

MEDIAN AG~

26.1

26.1

?5.0

IB) (B)

?q.5

28.S ?3.5 (8)

?9.5

25.6

IB)

3S.0 ;l'I.O

IBI 25.0

(B) lB)

?6.0 (B) (B)

(8)

'6.5

?9.7

(B) (8) (8)

30.3

--.--~

UNDER 20 TO ALL 20 2q

AGES YEARS YEARS

ALL OTHER RACES'

55 25 TO 30 TO 3S TO qO TO YEARS

29 3q 39 Sq AND MED IAN YEARS YEARS yEARS yEARS OVER AGE

I BI

161

( BI

I B)

I BI

- Represents zero. I,Bl Does not meet publi!;;stion standards because medians arc not r;:omputed for statC's ha~ing 4 or fewer persons received under sentence of death.

lPersons enw:\erated under ItAll Other Raccs l1 were Asian.


Table 13 (1983)

Prisoners received from court under sentence of death, by race and highest grade of schooling completed -regions and States

----------,----------------------r-------------------

REGION AND STATE

UNITED SHTES

"EDERAL • STATE ••

NORTH"AST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK. • • NEW JERSEY. PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NOR TH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •

SOUTH ••• DELAWARE. MARyLAND. • DISTRICT OF COLU"BIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA • FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • ALABAHA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST. •• MONTANA IOAHO • WYOMING • COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA. • • WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAWA!! •••



TOTAL

>52

'52

19

1 3

15

39 15

6 15

1~3

II 12

7 3~

6 5

13 5 I 5 9

33

51 I

33

7TH GRADE

OR LESS

21

27

19

ALL RACES

9TH TO 8TH 11 TH

GRADE GRADE

25

25

17

~ I

77

, 3

15

20 I

16

1 "TH ANY NOT RE_ GRADE COLLEGE PORTED

!3 5

" 6

q

3 I

13

" " 2

15

22

7

27

27

16

7TH GRADE

OR TOTAL LESS

151

151

23 8 q

9

B6

5 6 6

20 5 I 5 q

u 23

35 I

23

19

18

13

2 2· 2 I

hHlTE

9TH TO 8TH 11 TH 12TH ANy NOT RE-

GRADE GRADE GRADE COLLEGE PORT"D

10

lq I

10

q5

27

16

16 II

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES

FEDERAL • STATE ••

~O~THEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS ~HODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEw YORK ••• NEW JERSEY. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN ~INNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DA~OTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRAS~A • KANSAS ••

SOUTH ••• DELAWARE. MARyLAND •• DISTRICT OF COLU"BIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGHIIA • NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA •• KENTUCKV •• TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST. •• MONTANA IDAHO • WYOMING • COLORADO. • NEW MEXlr.O. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA. • • WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAWAII. • •

- Represents zero.

TOTAL

99

99

12

16 7 2 7

57

6 6 1

14 1 4 9 1 1

4 10

14

7TH GRADE

OR LESS

lpersons enumerated under "All Other Races" were Asian.

BLACK

9TH TO 8TH 11TH

GRADE GRADE

19

12TH ANY NOT RE-GRADE COLLEGE PORTED

29

29

5 2 1 2

15

15

15

TOTAL

7TH GRADE

OR LESS

ALL OTHER RACES'

9TH TO 6TH 11TH 12TH ANy NOT RE-

GRADE GRADE GRADE COLLEGE PORTED


Table 14 (1983)

Prisoners received from court under sentence of death, by race and marital status at time of imprisonment -regions and States

ALL RACES WHITE

~----r-----r------r-----r-----'----+-----'-----~-----~-------r----'~-----R£G I ON AND STATE DIVORCED

OR NEVER NOT RE_ TOTAL MARRIED SEPARATED WIDowED MARRIED PORTED

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST MAINE.. , •• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT ••• MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK ••• NEW JERSEY. • °ENNWLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA • ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN HINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •

SOUTH • OELAWARE. MARYLA"D. • DISTRICT OF COLU"BIA. 'IIRGINIA •• WEST VIRGINIA • NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY •• TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI AilKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST. •• MONTANA IDAHO. WYOMING • COLORADO. NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA. • • WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALI FORNI A. ALASKA ••• HAWAII..



252

252

19

1 3

15

39 15

6 16

lq3

11 12

7 3q

6 5

13 5 1 5 B

JJ

51 1

1 7 I 6 2

33

�_._____________ ________ _ _ " __ _

"7

I q

15

~1

16

q2

30

J 12

J

7

105

105

?2 9 5 6

6 7

11 1

2

" 1 2 1 I.

25 1

15

1"

1"

DIVORCED OR NEVER NOT RE-

TOTAL MARRIED SEPARATED WIDOWED MARRIED PORTED

151

151

23 6 q 9

66

5 6 6

20 5 1 5

" 5 q

2J

35 1

23

52

52

30

1 1

11

15

11

25

3 10

3

1" 6 3 3

22

10

16 I

11

REG I ON AND STATE

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT ••• MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK. • • NEW JERSEY. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INQIANA • ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DA~OTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS ••

SOUTH ••• OELAWARE. MARYLAND. • OISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA • FLORIOA •• KENTUCKy. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST ••• MONTANA IDAHO • WYOMING • COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAWA II. • •

BLACK

DIVORCED OR NEVER NOT RE_

TOTAL MARRIED SEPARATED WIDOWED ~ARRIED PORTED

99

99

12

16 7 2 7

57

6 6 1

14 1 4 8 1 1

4 10

14

49

49

17 ?7

ALL OTHER RACES'


TOTAL MARRIED SEPARATED WIDOWED MARRIED PORTED

--------------________ L_ ____ L_ ____ ~ ______ L_ ____ ~ ____ ~ ____ ~ ____ ~ ____ _L ______ L_ ____ _L ____ ~

- R('prcscnts z(>ro.

lPcrsons enumerated undel' "All Other Races" were Asian.



Table 15 (1983)

Prisoners received from court under sentence of death, by race and legal status at time of capital offense -regions and States

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NE~ HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NE"H YORK ••• NEW JERSEY. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA • ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •

SOUTH • • • DELAWARE. ~ARYLAND. • DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA • NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGI A • FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. r:;XAS •

WEST. •• MONTANA IDAHO. WYOMING • rOLORADO •• NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON. • • CALtFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAWAII •••

Sec tootna t(>s a t end of table.

~DT IlNDER SENTENCE

NO C~ARGES CHARGES ON ToTAL PEND.~G PENDING PROBATION

252

252

19

I 3

IS

39 IS 6

16

1~3

11 12

7 3~

6 5

13 5 I 5 8

J3

SI I

JJ

94 II

II I~

~4 12

4 7

61

7 4 ~

19 3 3 4 q I 5 5

ALl. RACES

ON PAROLE

10 I I 7

~O

I 5 I 6 2

ONDER SENTENCE

~SCAPED FROM

PR 1 SON 1 MPR I SONED OTHER 1 NOT

REPORTED

77

77

10

10

36

30

29

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST HAINE •••• NEW HAMP~HIRE VERflONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS PHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK ••• NEW JERSEy. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NOPTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA • ILLINOIS. HICHIGAN. WISCONSIN "INNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •

SOUTH • • • DELAWME. HARYLAND •• OISTRICT OF COLUHBIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA • NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. r,EORGIA • FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • HISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST ••• MONTANA IDAHO • WYOMING • COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • YAWAII •••

See footnotes nt end of table.

~OT UNDER SENTENCE

NO CHMGES CHARGES ON TOTAL PENDI'IG PENDING PROBATION

151

151

'3 8 q 9

R6

5 6 6

'0 5 I 5 q

5 q

'3

35 I

57 12

57 12

38

3 I q

12 3

2 3

WHITE

ON PAROLE

?2

13

UNDER SENTENCE

ESCAPED FROM

PRISON IMPRISONED NOT

REPORTED

21

20

22

22



Table 15 (1983) continued

Prisoners received from court under sentence of death, by race and legal status at time of capital offense -regions and States

~OT UNDER SENTENCE

BLACK

UNDER SENlENCE REGION AND STATE -------r-----~----_,------._----_r------._--~

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETH RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT. NEW YORK ••• NEW JERSEY •• PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. "ICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI. •• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS ••

SOUTH • • • ~ELAWARE • MARYLAND. • DISTRICT OF COLUMSIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA • NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST ••• MONTANA 10AHO • WYOHING • COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA. • • WA'HINGTON. OREGON ••• CAL !FQRNJ A. ALASKA. • • HAwA I I. • •

Set· footnotes tlt I.'od 01 table.

~O CHARGES ToTAL PENDING

99

99

12

16 7 2 7

57

6 6 I

\4 I 4 8 I I

4 10

14

36

36

10 6 I 3

,3

CHARGES ON PENDING PROBATION

5

ON PAROL~

21

'I

I 2 I 2

ESCAPED FROM

PRISON IMPRISONED

, 4

OTHEP 1 NOT

REPORTED

10

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST "AINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK ••• NEW JERSEy. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORT~ CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •

SOUTH • • • DELAWARE. MARYLAND •• DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. VIRGItl!A •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORT~ CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY •• TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST. •• MONTANA IDAHO. WYOMING • COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAWAII. ••

- Represents zero,

ALL OTHER RACES'

~OT UNDER SENTENCE

~O CHARGES TOTAL PENDING

CHARGES ON PENDING PROBATiON

ON PAROLE

UNDER SENTENCE

ESCAPED FROM

PRISON IMPRISONED NOT

OTHER REPORTED

IThe persons enumera ted under the en tegory "Under Sen tcnce--o thor" were on work relcasl'; (one ('uch from Sou th Carolina t Tennessee and A labnma) Bnd one from Kentucky on 8a1.1.

2Persons enumerated under "All Other Races" were Asian.


Table 16 (1983)

Prisoners received from court under sentence of death, by race and prior felony history-regions and States

ALL RACES

REGION AND STATE PRIOR FELONY CONVICTIONS NO PRIOR

CRIMINAL NOT FELONY NOT TOTA~ TOTAL HOMICIOE OTHER REPORTEe CONVICTIONS REPORTED

UNITED STATEs '5~ 176 29 136 11 q9 27

FEDERAL • STATE •• '52 176 29 136 11 Jq 27

NORTHEAST 19 1) "AINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • "ASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK ••• 1 NEW JERSEY •• 3 PENNSYLVANIA. 15

NORTH CENTRAL 39 ,6 23 OHIO ••• 15 7 6 INDIANA. 6 q q ILLINOIS. 16 1q 12 MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •

SOUTH ••• 1qJ 100 12 86 2? 16 DELAWARE. MARYLAND ••

i OLU~B i A: DISTRICT OF VIRGINIA •• , WEST VIRGINI" : NORTH CAROLII/A. 11 10 9 SOUTH CA~OLl 4A. 12 9 8 GEORGIA. 1 q q FLORIDA •• 3q 29 2q KENTUCKY. • 6 q 3 TENNESSEE • 5 J 3 ALABAMA • • 13 6 3 MISSISSIPPI 5 3 2 ARKANSAS. 1 1 1 LOUISIANA 5 nKLAHOMA. B q q TEXAS • 33 26 2q

WE~T ••• 51 37 23 13 MONTANA 1 IDAHO • WYOMIN~ • COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA. WASHIN~TON: OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. 33 ,7 15 ALASKA. • • HAWA I I. • .

Sec footnotes n t end of tnb}C'.


REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATEs


NORTHEAST ~AINE •••• NEW HAMP SH I RE VERMONT ••• MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK. NEW JERSEY •• PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO. INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. ~ISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NE9RASKA. KANSAS.


~~~i~~~~' OF co~u~BiA: VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CA~OLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA • KENTUCKY. TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHO~A • TEXAS •

WEST ••• MONTANA IDAHO. WYOMING • COLQ~A~O. NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA. UTAH. NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON. • • CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. HAWAII •

See toatnot(>tI at l'nd of table.

TIlTAL

151

151

23 a 4 9

86

5 6 b

20 5 I 5 4

5 q

23

35 1

TOTAL

107

107

62

5 5 3

17 3 1 4 3

1 19

25

18

WHITE

PRIOR FELONY CONVICTIONS

CRIMINAL HOMICIDE

15

15

~ I

OTHER

IJ 3 ? 7

53

5 5 3

14 2 I 2 2

1 17

16

II

NOT REPORTED

NO PRIOR FELONY

CONV I CTIDNS

33

33

18

NOT REPORTED

II

11




Prisoners received from court under sentence of death, by race and prior felony history-regions and States

BLACK

REGION ANO STATE PRIOR FELONY CONVICTIONS

CRIMINAL NOT TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE OT~ER REPORTED

UNITED STATE~

FEDERAL • 5TATE ••

NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HA~PSHIRE VERMONT ••• MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK. • • NEW JERSEY. • "ENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NO~T~ DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. ~ANSAS ••

501}TH ••• DELAWARE.

~~mm' OF COLU~BiA: VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGI A • FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • 'VBAHA •• MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TE~AS •

WEST ••• MONTANA IDAHO • WYOMING. COLORADO •• NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA. • • WASHINGTON. OREGON. • • CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAWA I I. • .

Sct' footnotE's at end ot tnbl('~

9~

99

1 ~

57

6 6 I

I~ 1 ~ g 1 I

~ lQ

I~

68

68

12 ~ 2 6

38

5 ~ I

12 I 2 2

11

l~

l~

52

52

10 3 2 5

33

~

3 I

10 I 2 1

NO PRIoR FELONY NOT

CONVICTIONS REPORTED

15 16

15 10

10

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATE;

FEDERAL STATE

NORTHEAST MAINE NEW HA"PSHi~E VERMONT • MASSACHUSETTS "HODE ISLAND. CONNECT! CUT • NEW YORK. NEW JERS,Y: PENNSYLVANIA:

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO. INDIANA : ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IO~A. MISSOURI. NORTH DA~OTA: ~OUTH DAKOTA. NEAR ASK A • KANSAS.

SOUTH • ~ELAWARE: MARYLAND. DISTRICT OF COLUMBiA: VIRGINIA. NEH VIRGINIA "ORTH CAROLINA. ~OUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA ~LORIDA : KENTUCKy. TENNESSEE : ALABAMA "ISSISSIPpi ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS

WEST. "ONTANA IDAMO WYOMING • COLORAOO. NEW MEXICO: ARIZONA. UTAH. NEVADA. WASHINGTON: OREGON. CALIFORNiA: ALASKA. ~AWAII.

- U€'pr('fumtfJ tPro,

IP£'r'l'Jn'\ cntJnwrntNI un[!t'r

TOTAL

"All nth!,!' ntH'!'!l"

ALL OTHER RACES'


CRIMINAL TOTAL HOMICIDE

11;('1'(' 1\"I10n.

OTHER NOT

REPO~i~D

NO PRIOR FELONY

CONVICTIONS NOT

REPORTED



Table 17 (1983)

Prisoners removed from death row, by race and method of removal -regions and States

REGION A~D STATE

UNITED STATES

FE~ERAL • STATE • •

NORTHEAST "AINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • ~IEW YORK. • • NEW JERSEy •• PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTY CE'TRAL OHIO ••• r~OIANA • ILLHlors. "ICHIGAN. WISCONSIN "IfINESOTA IOWA ••• "I5S0URI ••• ~OqTH DAKOTA. , SOUTH DAKOTA. "EBRASKA. KANSAS ••

<OUTH ••• ~ELAWARE •

~~~~~~~~. OF COLU~BiA: VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRr.tNIA • MORTH r.AROLlNA. <OUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA • I=lORIOA •• <ENTUCKY •• TENNeSSEE • ALABA"A •• "ISSrS,IPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA, TEXAS •

WEST ••• , MONTANA IDAHO. WfOMING • COLORADO •• ~EW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• IITAH •••• NEVADA. f •

WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. Al.ASKA ••• HAWAII, ••

See footnotes lit end of tnble.

SENTENCING "ROVISION OF

STATE STATUTE TOTAl. STRUCK DOWN' EXECUTION

11)

11 J

~7

S I

10 27

2 2 J 2 2 S

19

lq

ALL RACES

DEATH OTHER THAN EXECUTION' COMMUTATION)

11

11

CAPITAL SE~TENCE

VACI,TED (CONVICnON unRMoD)'

60

60

6 20

CAPITAL SENTENCE AND CON.

VICTION VACATED'

28

28

20

1 1 2 q

OTHER

REGION A~D STATE

UNITED STATES

FEDE~AL • STATE ••

NO~THEAST MAINE' •••• flEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • "ASSACHUSETT~ RHODE ISLAND. CONNECT! CUT • NEW YORK ••• NEW JERSEY. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENT~AL 0HIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNF.SOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NE8RASKA. KANSAS. •

SOUTH ••• DELAWARE. MARYLAND. • DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA • NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST. •• MONTANA IDAHO • WYOMING. COLORADO •• NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA. • • WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFO~NIA. ALASKA ••• HAWAII •••

See footnotes Q t end of table.

SENTENCING 'ROVISION OF

STATE STATUTE TOTAL Sr.UCK OOWN' EXECUTION

58

6 15

6 17

II

WHITE'

DEATH OT~ER THAN EXe:CUT ION 2: COt-1t-1UTAT [ON)

CAPITAL SENTENCE

VACATED (CONVICTION

AFFIRMEO)'"

34

34

3 12

CAPITAL SENTENCE AND CON

VICTION VACATE04

17

17

OTHER

Capital Punishment 1983 37 ~

er



Prisoners removed from death row, by race and method of removal -regions and States

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK ••• NEW JERSEV •• PENMSYLVANI A.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI. •• NORTH DA~OTA. ~OUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •

SOUTH ••• DELAWARE. ~ARVLAND ••••••• DISTRICT OF COLU"BIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA • FLORIDA •• KENTUC~Y •• TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA O~LAHOMA • TEXAS •

WEST. •• "ONTANA IDAHO. WVOMING • COLORADO. • NEW MEX I CO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• ~ CALIFORNIA •• ALASKA. • • HAWAII. ••

See footnotes at {'Ild of table.

SENTE:NCING PROVISION OF

STATE STATUTE TOTAL STRUCK DOWN' EXECUTION

39

39

BLACK

nEATH OTHER THAN EXECUTION 2 COMMUTATION 1

CAPITAL SENTENCE

VACATED (CONVICTION

ArrrRMEO)4

25

18

CAPITAL SENTENCE AND CON

VICTION VACATED 4

10

10

OTHER

REGION AND STATE

U~ITED STATES

FEDERAL • STAn" ••

NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS qHODE I SLA"D. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK. • • ~EW JERSEY. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NO~TH CE~T~AL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN ~INNESDTA IOWA ••• MI SSOURI. • • NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOr A. NEBRASKA. KANSAS ••

SOliTH ••• ~ELAWARE. MARYLA~D. • DISTRICT OF COLU"BIA. VIRGINIA •• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY •• TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST ••• MO~TANA IDAHO • WYOMING • COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA ••• HAWAII. ••

SENTENC ING 'ROVISION OF

STATE STATUTE TOTAL STRUCK DOWN' EXECUTION

ALL OTHER RACES'

DEATH OTHER THAN EXECUTION 2 COMMUTATION'

CAPITAL SENTENCE

VACATED ICONVICTION

AFfIRMEO)/'

CAP IT AL SENTENCE AND CON

VICTION VACATED 4

~I

OTHER

NOTE: This table identifies tlw lega.l ot" other (:vcnt t.'ffcctivcly terminating the death sentence. Status as of reporting date is indicated in Table 18.

- Rcprcscnts zero.

lpersons In this category nre subject to Cur"Uwl' administrative [lnd legal steps before .finnl disposition. This proceSs eQuId result, for exnmplo, in n canmutntioll of senhnce or 1n th(' vacation of scntencE' with C'ithl'l" affirmation or voiding of convIction (see Footnoie J Cor further discussion).

2The category "Death Other than Excclltion" includ(>~ 9 dell'thl;. Five (ono ellch in Virginia, North CarOlina, Georgill, Florida and Louisiana) were of natural causes; throe werE' SUicides (Texas, Colorado and California) nnd one in Texas was killed during an attempted escape whilo out to court.

'Commutation effects an imm£'dinte change 1n sentencf.' frtlm <jeath to life or a term of years. ft.persons whose' capital sent('nce is vacnted or whos(, capital sentence and conviction nrc vacated nre subject to further Logal proceedings (such as

resentencing if thE' conviction hns been vacnt('d) to determine thE'ir ultimate dispositlon. Neither the vacating of the sentence nor the vncnting of both sentence nnd conviction precludes th(' possibility I)f reimposition of the doath sontence.

SPorsons enumerated under "All Other Hnces" Wert' .\sian.

Capital PUllishment 1983 39


Table 18 (1983)

Prisoners removed from death row, by race and current status -regions and States

sERVING REDUCED SENTENCE

REGION AND STATES

UNITED STATES.

FEDERAL. STATE.

NORTHEAST. MAINE ••••• NEW HAMPSHIRE. VERMONT. MASSACHUSETT~ • RHODE ISLAND CONNECTICUT. NEW YORK •• NEW JERSEY • PENNSYLVANIA

NORTH CENTRAL. OHIO. INDIANA •• ILLINOIS • MICHIGAN • WI~CONSIN. MINNESOTA. IOWA • MISSOURI •• NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA NERRASKA KANSAS •

SOUTH. • • DELAWARE MARYLAND •••••• ~ISTRICT OF COLUMBIA VIRGINIA ••• flEST VIRGINI A. flORTH CAROL INA SOUTH CAROLINA GEORGIA. FLORIDA. KENTUCKY. TENNESSEE. ALABAMA. • • MISSISSIPPI. ARKANSAS • LOUISIANA. OKLAHOMA TEXAS.

WEST ••• MONTANA. IDAHO. WYOMING. COLORADO • NEW MExICO ARIZONA. UTAH • NEVADA •• WASHINGTON OREGON • CALIFORNIA ALASKA • HAWA !I

TOTAL TOTAL

113

III

87

6 1

10 ?7

2 2 3 2 2 8

19

14

58

58

Sec footnotes nt end of table.

LIFE I ~PRI S_ ON"ENT

51

51

39

5 11

2 2

F lY.EO TERM OF GREATER THAN 20

YEARS

FI~EO TERM OF

20 OR FEWER YEARS

ALL RACES

DECEASED'

14

14

12

AWAITING AWAITING NEW R~SEN-

TRIAL TENCING

?1

?1

15

~ I

19

19

15

1 10

FOUNO' NOT

GUILTY IN NEW TRIAL

ALL CHARGES ON CAP_

ITAL OFFENSE DROPPED

STATUS UNDE

TER-MINED OTHER

~I

REGION AND STATES

UNITED STATES.

FEDERAL. STATE.

NORTHEAST. MAINE. NEW HAMPSHIRE: VERMONT. MASSACHUSETTS. RHODE ISLAND CONNECT ICUT • NEW YORK • >lEW JERSEY : PENNSYLVANIA

NO"TH CENTRAL. OHIO. INDIANA: ILLINOIS : MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN. ~INNESOTA • IOWA • MISSOURi MORTH DAKOTA SOUTH OAKOTA NEBRASKA KANSAS •

~OUTH. DELAWARE MARYLAND ...... DISTRICT OF COLU'IB I A VIRGINIA. WEST VIRGINiA: NORTH CAROLINA SOUTH CAROLINA GEORGIA. FLORIDA. KENTUCKY : TENNESSEE. ALABAMA. MISSISSIPPI: ARKANSAS • LOUISIANA. OKLAHOMA TEXAS.

WEST • "ONTANA: IDAHO. WYOMING. COLORADO • NEW MEXICO AR I ZONA. L1TAH • NEVADA : WASHINGTON OREGON • CALIFORNIA ALASKA • YAWAII

SE'lVING ~EDUCED SENTENCE

TOTAL TOTAL

72 35

72 35

5B 2B

6 15

6 17

II

LIFE I"PRIS. ON"E~T

31

31

25

FiXED TERM OF GREATER THAN 20

YEAP.S

~I

FIXED TERM OF

20 OR FEWER YEARS

See footnotes a.t cnd of tabla.

WHITE

DECEASED'

12

12

10

AWAITING NEW

TRIAL

14

14

II

AWAITING RESEN·

TENCING

II

II

FOUND NOT

GUILTY IN NEW

TRIAL

ALL CHARGES ON CAP.

ITAL OFFENSE DROPPED

STATUS UNDE.

TER. MI~ED OTHER


42 Capital Punishment 198.3


Prisoners removed from death row, by race and current status -regions and States

S"~VING ~EDUC"D SENTENCE

"EGlON AND STATES FIXED FIXED

TERM OF TERM OF LIFE GREATER 20 OR

IMP~IS_ THAN 20 FEWER TOTAL TOTAL ON~E~T YEARS YEARS

UN !TED STATES. 39 2' 19

FEDERAL. STATE. '9 2' 19

NORTHEAST. MAINE. NEW HAMPSHlliE: VERMONT. MASSACHUSETTS. RHODE ISLM'D CONNECTICUT. NEW YORK • NEW JERSEY PENNSYLVANIA

NORTH CE~TRAL. OHIO INDl ANA: ILLHIOIS MICHIGAN. WI$CONSIN. MINNESOTA. IOWA • MISSOURI NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH OAKOTA NEBRASKA KANSAS

SOUTH. DELAWARE

79 11 IQ

MARYLAND ...... "I STRICT OF COLU"BIA VIRGINIA. WEST VIRGINiA: NORTH CAROLINA 2 SOUTH CAROLINA 1 GEORGIA. q 3 ;:'LORIOA. KENTUCKY:

12 5

TENNE"SSEE. ALABAMA. MI%ISSIPPI: ARKANSAS LOUISIANA. 2 OKLAHOMA 2 TEXAS. 2

WEST MONTANA: IDAHO. ~YOMING. COLORAno • : I NEw MEXICo ARIZONA. UTAH • NEVADA WASHINGTON OREGON • CALIFORNIA ALASKA HAWA II

See footnotl:!g olt cnr.! or table.

BLACK

ALL FOUND CH~RGES

NOT ON CAP. STATUS AWAITING AWAIrING GUlL TV !TAL UNDE-

NEW R~SEN- IN NEW OFFENSE TER-DECEASED' TRIAL TENCING TRIAL DROPPED MINED OTHER

:1

REG I ON AND STATES

ALL OTHER RACES' f----.-------------.----,-----,------.,,---- -.~-.

SE~VING qEDUCED SENTENCE

FIXED TERM OF GREATER THAN 20

FIXED FOUND

AWAITING AWAITING NEW RESEN-

STATUS UNDE

TER-TOTAL TOTAL

LIFE I~P~IS_ ON~ENT YEARS

TERM OF 20 OR FEWER YEARS DECEASED' TR I AL TENC ING

NOT GU IL TY IN NEW

TRIAL

ALL CHARGES ON CAP

ITAL OFFENSE DROPPED MINED OTH,,~

UNITED STATE,.

FEDERAL. • STqE •••

NORTHEAST. MAINE ••••• NEW HAMPSHIRE. VERMONT. • • • ~ASSACYUSETTS • RHODE ISLAND CONNECT! CUT. NEW YORK •• NEW JERSEY • PENNSYLVANIA

~ORT~ CENTRAL. OHIO ••• INDIANA •• ILLINOIS. ~ICHIGAN • WISCONSIN. MINNESOTA. IOWA ••• ~ISSOURI •• "ORTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA NEBRASKA KANSA~ •

SOUTY. • • DELAWARE

6~~~~~~~ OF' COLUMB I ~ VIRGINIA ••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA SOUTH CAROLI NA GEORG I A. • FLORIDA ••• ~ENTUCKY • • TENNESSEE •• ALABAMA. • • MISSIS<;IPPI. ARKANSAS • LOUISIANA. OKLAHOMA TEXAS ••

WEST ••• MONTANA. IDAHO •• WYOMING. COLORADO • NEW MEXICO ARIZONA •• UTAH ••• NEVADA • • 11ASHINGTON OREGON • • CALIFORNIA ALASKA • • HAWAII ••

-I :1 _I

- I 1

~ I NOTE: This table identities the status at persons removed :trom death ro\!,' dUring the year AS of reporting date. Disposition is tinal only for those

who Ilre serving reduced sentences, nre dcc(>Rsed, have been round not F;ullty, or who have had 1111 charges on the capital ott('nsc dropped. Persons 1n each of the other cntegories nre subjoct to turther legal proceedings rlrtor to finnl disposition.

- Represents zero,

IThe CRtOgOry "Deceased" includes 14 denths: 5 by execution (Georgia, Florida, l\1abama, Mississippi and LoUisiana); 5 trom natural causes (Virginia, North Carolina, Georgia, Florida nnd Louisilmn)i 3 by suicid(' (T(>xn~. Colorndo and Calitornia): and I person 1n Toxas who was killed nttempting to escape whlle out to coUrt.

2Persons enumerated under "All Other Races" were Asian.

-.



Table 19 (1983)

Prisoners removed from death row, by race and number of months from sentencing to disposition-regions and States

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATE,

FE~ERAL • ST'TE ••

NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HA~PSHIRE VER~ONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT. NEW YORK. • • NEW JERSEY. • PENNSYLVANIA.

~ORTH CE~TRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA •• , MISSOURI, •• ~ORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NE8RASKA, KANSAS ••

SOUTH • • , DELAWARE,

~~:~~i~~· OF cOLuMBiA: VIRGINIA, ••• wEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAMLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA •• KENTUCKV. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST ••• MONTANA IDAHO • WyOMING • COLORADO •• NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA ••• HAWAI t. ..

Sec footnotes at cnd of table.

! TOTAL I UNDER I? 12 TO 23

MONTHS MONT~S

113 30

113 30

87 21

6 1

10 27

, 2 9

19

Iq

ALL RACES

2q TO 35 36 TO q7 q8 TO 71 72 MONTHS MEDIAN MONTHS MONTHS MONTHS AND OVER MONTHS

17 19 19 23 38

17 19 19 23 38

23

23

(BI

( 01

( 01

13 13 16 22 43

( BI

( BI

22 ( BI 71+

35

( BI ( BI ( 01 ( BI (0) 53 57

22

( BI

22

( 01 ( BI

( 01

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST ~A!NE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK ••• NEW JERSEY. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• I"IDIANA • ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS ••

SOUTH ••• DELAWARE.

~~~~~~~~. OF COLUMBiA: VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGH'IA • NORTH CAROLINA. SOLITH CAROLINA. GEORGI A • "LORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • ~ISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST. •• MONTANA IDAHO. WYOMING • COLORADO •• NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• "ASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAWAII. ••

Sec footnotes at cnd of table.

tOTAL

72

55

6 15

6 17

11

UNDER 12 MONTHS

12 TO 23 MONTHS

20

20

10;

WHITE

2q TO 35 MONTHS

12

12

36 TO q7 MONTHS

10

10

qa TO 71 72 MONTHS MONTHS AND OVER

1~ 16

12 16

10 15

MEDIAN MONTHS

37

37

10'

10'

, B,

18'

I D'

1Q

10'

I B,

1O,

71+ 3}

10' 1O, la, I"'

5B 60

22

IB'

22

I B' r B,

r 0'




Prisoners removed from death row, by race and number of months from sentencing to disposition-regions and States

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES

FEDERAL. • " STATE ••

NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMP~HIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISL.A~D. CONNECT! CUT • NEW YORK ••• NEW JERSEy. • PENNSYL.VANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL. OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILL.INOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• "ISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS ••

SOUTH • • • DELAWARE. MARYL.A~D. • • • • • • DISTRICT OF COLU"BIA. VIRGINIA •••• wEST VIRGINI A • NORTH CAROLI~A. SOUTH CAROL.INA. GEORGIA. FL.ORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TetXAS •

WE~T ••• HONHNA IDAHO. wyOMING • COLORADO •• NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• IllAH •••• NEVADA. • • WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA ••• HAWAI I. ••

See. footnotes at end of table.

TOTAL.

39

39

29

2 1 4

12

UNDER I? MONTHS

=1

12 TO 23 MONTHS

10

10

BL.ACK

2Q TO 35 MONTHS

36 TO Q7 MONTHS

Q8 TO 71 72 MONTHS MONTHS AND OVER

3 4

MEDIAN MONTHS

)8

38

23

23

10J

IBI

181

q)

101

I BI

I BJ IOJ I BI

Q2

I BJ IBJ

10J IBI I BJ

I BJ

10J

========================~--======================================

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES

FEnERAL • STATE ••

NO~THEAST "AINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT ••• _ASSACHUSETTS RHODE I SLA~D. CONNECT I CUT • NEW YORK ••• NEW JERSEY. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL ~~IO ••• INDIANA • ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MI~Nf.SOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI. •• NORTH DAKOTA. ~OUTH OAKOTA. ~EBRASKA • KANSAS. •

~OUTH • • • DELAWARE. MARYLAND. • DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGI A • FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST ••• MONTANA IDAHO. WYOMING • COLORAOO. • ~EW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAwA II. • •

TOTAL UNDEK 12

MONTHS 12 TO 23

MONTHS

ALL OTHER RACES I

24 TO 35 MONTHS

36 TO 47 MONTHS

48 TO 71 72 MONTHS MONTHS AND OVER

MEDIAN MONTHS

I BI

I Bl

, Bl

, Bl

- Represents zero, sentence of death.

(8) Does not meet publication stftndnrdfl becnu!lc medians nrc not computed for stntes having 4 or tower persons removed trom under

lPer~on9 enumerated under "All Other RBces" were Asinn.



Table 20 (1983)

Prisoners ~emoved from death row, by race and offense-regions and States

REG I ON AND STATE

UNITED STATE:S

eEnERAL • STATF •

NORTHEAST "AINE •••• ~EW HAYPSHIRE VERMONT • • • "ASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK. • NEW JERSEY •• PENNSYLVANIA.

NOPTH CENTRAL OHIO. INDIANA. ILLINOIS. 'HCHIGAN. WISCONSIN HINNESOTA IowA ••• HI SSOUR I. • . NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS.

SO\'TH ••• DELAWARE. MARYLAND. nlSTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Vl~G1NIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORT~ CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. r,EORGIA • "LORIDA. KENTUCKY. TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • 'lISSISS'PPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WE~T ••• MONTANA IDAHO • WYOMlNG .. COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. AR I ZONA UTAH •• NEVADA ••• ~ASHINGTON. OREGON. • • CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. HAWAII.

Se(' footnotes at end of table.

ALL OeFENSES

ttl

II J

87

b I

10 27

, , J , , 8

19

lij

H~RDER

86

6 I

10 26

2 ? 3 2 2 8

19

lij

ALL RACES

KIONAP_ RAPE' ING

ALL OTHER OFFENSES

7'

72

58

6 IS

6 17

11

MURDER

72

72

58

6 15

6 17

11

WHITE

KI~NAP-RAPE ING OTHE:R

REC,ION AND STATE

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HA~PSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHOJE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT. NEW YORK. • • NEW JERSEy. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA • ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH ~AKOTA. MER RASKA • KANSAS. •

SOUTH ••• DELAWARE. MARyLAND •• DISTRICT OF COLU"BIA. VIRGINIA •••• ~EST VIMINIA • NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA • FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • "ISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OK~AHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST ••• MONTANA IDAHO • WYOMING. COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH ••••

ALL OFFENsES

39

39

29

, I q

I'

HJRJER

38

38

28

? 1 q

II

BLACK

KIDNAP-RAPEl tNG

ALL OTAER RACES'

ALL KIDNAP-OTHER OFFENSES MURDER RAPE ING OTHER

: Ii I ____________________ ~ ______ _+------J-----~------~------~----~~------~-~ ..... c. ~

NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON. • • CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAWAI!. ••

- Represents zero.

lThe porson enumerated under the category "Rape" wns undor sentence ot death for sexunl battery. 1Persons enumerated undor .... All Other Races" were As1nn.


Table 21 (1983)

Prisoners removed from death row, by race and age at disposition -regions and States

REGION AND STATE UNDER 20 TO

UNITED STATES.

FEDERAL •• ';rATE •••

NORTHEAST. MAINE ••••• NEW HAM~~HIRE. VERMONT •••• MASSACHU~ETT~ • RHODE ISLAND CONNECTICUT. NEw YORK •• NEW JERSEY • PENNSYLVANIA

NORTH CENTRAL. OHIO" ••• INDIANA •• ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN • WISCONSIN. MINNESOTA. IOWA ••• MISSOURI •• NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA NEBRA5~A KANSAS •

SOUTH ••• DELAWARE "1ARYLA~n •• ~ •••• DISTRICT ?F COLUMBIA VIRGINIA ••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA SOUTH CAROLINA GEORGIA •• FLORIDA ••• KENTUCKy • • TENNESSEE •• ALABAMA. • • MISSISSIPPI. ARKANSAS • LOUISIANA. OKLAHOMA TEXAS ••

WEST ••• MONTANA. IDAHO •• WYOMING. COLORADO • NEW MEXICO ARIZONA •• UTAH ••• NEVADA •• WASHINGTON OREGON • • CALIFORNIA ALASKA • • HAWAII ••

Sec footnotes at end of table..

50 Capital Puni~"hment 1983

ALL 20 2~ AGES YEARS YEARS

113 1B

113 IB

87 15

6 I

10 27

, J ? ? 8

19

Iq

l'

ALL RACES

25 TO 30 TO 29 3~

YEARS YEARS

31 23

31 23

22 17

35 TO ~o TO 39 5~ 55 yEARS

YEARS YEARS AND OVER

2~ lq

2~ lq

19 11

ALL AGES

72

72

6 15

6 17

11

UNDER 20 TO 20 2~

YEARS YEARS

12

12

WHITE

?5 TO .~ 'v 35 TO ~O TO 29 3~ 39 5q 55 YEARS

YEARS YEARS YEARS yEARS AND OVER

15 12 21 10

15 12 21 10

11 10 18

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES.

FEDERAL •• STATE •••

NO~THEAST • MAINE ••••• NEW HA~PSHIRE. VERMONT •••• MASSACHUSETTS. RHODE ISLAND CONNECT! CUT. NEW YORK •• NEW JE~SEY • PENNSYLVANIA

NORTH CENTRAL. OHIO ••• INDIANA •• ILLINOIS • MICHIGAN • WISCONSIN. MINNESOTA. IOWA ••• MISSOURI •• NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA NEBRASKA KANSAS •

SOUTH. • • DELAWARE MARYLAND •••••• DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA VIRGINIA ••• WEST VIRGINIA. flORTH CAROLINA SOUTH CAROLINA GEORGIA •• FLORIDA ••• KENTUCKy •• TENNESSEE. • ALABAMA ••• MISSISSIPPI. ARKANSAS • LOUISIANA. OKLAHOMA TEXAS ••

WEST ••• MONTANA. IDAHO •• WYOMING. COLORADO • NEW MEXICO ARIZONA •• UTAH ••• NEVADA • • WASHINGTON OREGON •• CALIFORNIA ALASKA • • HAWA II • •

- Represents zero.

U~DER ALL 20

AGES YEA~S

39

3Q

29

, 1 4 l'

BLACK

20 TO 25 TO 3D TO 35 TO qo TO 24 29 34 39 54 55 YEARS

YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS AND OVER

16

16

11

lPersons enumerated under "All Other Rllces" "'oro Al!lian.

ALL AGES

ALL OTHER RACES 1

UNDER 20 TO '5 TO 3D TO 35 TO qO TO 20 24 29 34 39 54 55 YEARS

YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS AND OVER


Table 22 (1983)

Prisoners removed from death row, by race and highest grade of schooling completed-regions and States

REGION AND STATE

ALL RACES

9TH TO 8TH 11 TM

TOTAL

TTH GRADE

OR LESS GRADE GRADE

UNITED STATEs

FEOERAL •• STATE •••

NORTHEAST • ~AINI' • ' ••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT ••• MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEw YORK. • • NEW JERSEY. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA • ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI. •• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS ••

SOUTH ••• DELAWARE. MARYLAND. • DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. VIRGINIA •••• wEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. ~OUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA • FLORIDA •• KENTUCKy. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHO~A. TEXAS •

WEST ••• HONTANA IDAHO • WYOMING • CoLORADO •• NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• IlTAH •••• NEVADA. • • WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAWA II. • •



113 11

liJ 11

81 10 3S

~ ij

1 1 \0 , 27 lij

2 ? 3 2 2 R

\9

lij

17.TH ANY NOT RE. GRADE COLLEGE PORTED TOTAL

17 12

11 12 21

12

10

72

12

58

6 15

6 17

11

7TH GRADE

OR LESS

L..... _________________________ . _____________________ .. __ . ___ _

~HITE

9TH TO 8TH 11TH 12TH ANY NOT RE-


2'1 12 \1 lq

2ij 12 11 lij

20 9 10

REGION MID STATE

UNITED STATE~

"EDERAL • STATf •

NORTH,AST ~AINE • NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • MASSACYUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. rONNfCTlCUT NEW YORK. NE~ JERSEY. PENNSYLVANIA:

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO. IN~IANA • ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. '~ISCON'IN MINNESOTA IOWA. MISSOURI: NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NE~RASKA. KANSAS.

SOUTH • DELAWARE: MARYLAND. DISTRICT 0, COLUMBIA. VIRGINIA. WEST VIRGINIA NORTH CAROLINA. ~O\lTH CAROLINA. GEORr;I A FLORIDA KENTUCKY. TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • MISSISSIPPI 'R~ANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. tEXAS

WEST. ~ONTANA IDAHO • WYOMING. COLORADO. NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA UTAH. NEVADA. WASHINGTON. OR"GON, CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. HA~AI I.

- Represents zero.

Ipersons enwnernted under

TOTAL

39

39

29

2 1 q

12

7TH GRADE

OR LESS

"All Othel" Rnccs" were Aslnn.

BLACK

9TH TO 8TH 11TH

GRADE GRADE

19

19

15

l?Th ANY NOT RE. GRADE COLLEr,E PORTED TOTAL

7TH GRADE

OR LESS

ALL OTHER RACES 1

9TH TO 8TH 11TH 12TH ANY NOT RE·



Table 23 (1983)

Prisoners removed from death row, by race and marital status at time of imprisonment-regions and States

REGION ANt! STATE

UNITED STATES

FEDERAL • ST'T~ ••

NORTHEAST MAINE •••• "E~ HA~PSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ! SLAND. CONNECTICUT. Nnl YORK ••• NEW JERSEy. • °ENNSYLVANI A.

NO~TH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH ~AKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS ••


~~~i~~~~' OF COLUMBiA: VIRGINIA •••• WE<T VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOIlTH CAROLINA. GEDRGI A • "LORIDA •• KENlUCKy •• TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • ~ISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS, LOUISI ANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST ••• HONTANA IDAHO. WYOMING. COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA. • • WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAW A I I. • .

Sec footnotes at end of table.


TOTAL HARRIFD

113 )q

113 )q

g7 )0

6 I

10 J 27 II

2 2 J 2 2 8

19

Iq

ALL RACES

DIVORCEO O~

SEPARATED WIDOWED

Zq

24

19

NEVER MARRI EO

QZ

q2

27

J I 5

II

~~Oi RE-PORTED

12

12

10

TOTAL

72

7?

58

6 15

6 l7

II

WHITE


MARR lEO SEPARATED WIDOWED MARRIED PORTED

25 20 17

25 20 17

16 10

5

-~-----------------------------------

~EG I ON AND STATE

UNITED STATES

FEDERA~ • STATE ••

NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSH I RE VERMONT ••• MASSACHUSETTS RHODE I S~AND. CONNECT! CUT • NEW YORK. • • NEW JERSEY •• PENNSY~VANIA.

NORTH CENTRA~ OHIO ••• INDIANA • ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS ••

SOUTH ••• DELAWARE. MARY~AND •• DISTRICT OF CO~UMBIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA • NO~ TH CAROL I NA. SOUTH CAROL I NA. GEORGIA. F~ORIDA •• KENTUCKY •• TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. ~OUISIANA OK~AHOMA • TEXAS •

WEST ••• HONTANA IDAHO • WYOHING • COLORADO •• NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA ••• HAWA I I. • .

- Represents zoro.

B~ACK


TOTA~ MARRIED SEPARATED WIDOWED MARRIED PORTED

39

39

29

2 1 Q

12

23

23

17

lPersons enumerated under "All Other Races" were Asian.

A~~ OTHER RACES 1


TOTA~ HARRIED SEPARATED WiDOWED MARRIED PORTED


S6 Capital Punishment 1983

Table 24 (1983)

Prisoners removed from death row, by race and legal status at time of capital offense-regions and States

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASsACHUSEtTS ~HODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • MEW YO~K. • • ~EW JERSEy •• PtNNSYLVANIA.

NORT~ CENTRAL OHro ••• INDlANA • ILUNOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINN~,SOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH OAKOTA. SOUTH ~AKOTA. NEARASKA. KANSAS ••

SOUTH • '. • DELAWARE.

~~~~~~~:~. OF COLUMBiA: VIRGINiA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSE!: • ALABAHA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST ••• 110NTA.NA IDAHO. WYOMING • COLORAOO •• NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASH:NGTON. OREGON. • • CALIFORNIA. ALASKA ••• HAWA I I. • •


~OT UNDE~ SENTENCE

~O C"'~GES CHARGES ON ToTAL PENDING PENDIN.; PROBATION

113 61

113

87 53

6 6 I 1

10 8

" ?2

2 2 2 1 3 2 2 2 2 1 8 q

19 2

Iq

ALL RACES

ON PAROLE

10

10

UNDER StNTENCE

ESCAPEO FROM

PRISON I~PRISONED NOT

OTHER' REPORTED

25

25

17

16

~-~~~~--~~--------------------------------

REGION AN~ STATE

UNITEO STATE<;

FEDERAL • STA,E ••

NORTYEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT ••• MASSACYUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK. • • NEW JERSEY •• PENNSYLVAN I A •

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. ~ICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• ~ISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. <;OUTH OAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •

SOUTH • • • DELAWARE. MARYLANO. • DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY •• TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI AR~ANSAS • LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST ••• MONTANA IDAHO • WYOMING • COLORADO •• NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA. • • WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAWAII •••


NOT UNDER SENTENCE

NO CHARGES CHARGES ON TOTAL PENDING PENDING PROBATION

72

6 15

6 17

11

5 11

5

WHITE

ON PAROLE

ONDER SENTENCE

ESCAPED FROM

PR I SON I MPR I SONED NOT

OTHER REPORTED

17

17

15

15




Prisoners removed from death row, by race and legal status at time of capital offense-legions and States

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS ~HODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT. NEW YORK. • • NEW JERSEY. • PENNSYLVAN I A.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA. IOWA ••• • I SSOUR I. . • NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •

SOUTH • • • OELAWME. ~ARYLAND •• DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • "\ SS I S5 lOP I ~RKANSAS. LOUISIANA. OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST. •• MONTA.N. IDAHO. WVOMING • COLORADO •• NEW HEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASH I NGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • ~AWA" •••

Sec fO,Jtnotcl:i .1t ('nu ,,£ table.

NOT UNDER SENTENCE

~O CHARGES CHARGES ON ToTAL PENDING PENDING PROBATION

19

19

2 t ~

12

~1

21

~t

2 1 J

11

BLACK

ON PAROLE

UNDER SENTENCE

ESCAPED FROM

PRISON IMPRISONED OTHER'

•

NOT REPORTED

-

ALL OTHER RACES'

NOT UNDER SENTENCE REGIOII AND STATE

~O CHARGES CHARGES ON

UNDER SENTENCE

ESCAPED FROM NOT

TOTAL PENDING PENDING PROBATiON ON

PAROLE PRISON IMPRISONEO OTHER REPORTED

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST ~AINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODF ISLAND. CONNECT! CUT • NEW YORK. • • NEW JERSEY. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA • ILLINOIS. ~ICHIGAN. WISCONSIN HINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •

SOUTH • • • nELAWARE. MARYLAND. • DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. VIRGINIA •••• "EST VIRGINIA • NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOllISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

~EST ••• MONTANA IDAHO • WYOMING • COLORAOO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA. • • WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALlFO~NIA. ALASKA ••• 4AWAI1. ••

- Represents zero.

IThe persons enumerated under category "Undf'r St'ntE'nc£'--<'th('r" 111('1\1.\(> 1 frol'! Pi>nnsylvnnln on hoi 1 nnd 1 frol"1 \!nrylnnrl on work Tf'll'ns£', lpersons enumernted under "All Other RRel's" ""ert" Asinn.



Table 25 (1983)

Prisoners removed from death row, by race and prior felony history -regions and States

REGI~N A~D STATE

UNITED STATE;

~EDERAL • STATE ••

NOR1~EAST ~AINE •••• NEW HA~PSHIRE VERMONT ••• MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT. NEW YORK ••• NEW JERSEY. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORT\! CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN 41NNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• ~ORTH DAKOTA. <OUTH DAKOTA. NI:RRASKA. KANsAS. •

~OUTH • • • OELAWARE. MARYLAND. • ~r;TRICT O~ COLUMBIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA • NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. r.EORGIA • ~LORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • AveAHA •• MI,SIS5IPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WE'T ••• MONTANA IO~HO • WYOMING. COLORADO •• NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• lITAH •••• NEVA~A ••• WA<HINGTON. ('IREGON. ~ • CAL1~ORNIA. ALASKA ••• HAWAII •••

Sec Eoutnlltt'G ut ('nd '\If table.

TOTAL TOTAL

113 48

113 48

~7 35

6 1

10 5 21 13

? 2 , ? ? 8

19

14

ALL RACES

PRIOR FELONY CONVICTIONS NO PRIOR

CRIIHNAL NOT FELONY NOT HOMICICE OTHER REPORTED coNVICTIONS REPORTED

20 2? 41 24

20 2? 41 24

17 31 ?1

18

B

,--------------------------------------------------------------------------~

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATE,

FEnERAL • ~TATE ••

NORTHEAST ~AINt •••• NEW HA~PSHIRE VERMONT ••• ~ASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK ••• NEW JERSEY •• PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN ~INNESOTA IOWA ••• ~ISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOT A. NEBRASKA. <A'ISAS ••


~~~~~m' OF cOLuMBiA: VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA • "LORIDA •• KENTUCKY •• TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • ~ISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST. •• MONTANA IDAHO • WYOMING • COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAW A II. • •

Sec footnot.es Ilt end of table.

TOTAL

72

7>

5a

6 15

6 17

II

TOTAL

,8

,8

WHITE

PRIOR FELONY CONVICTIONS NO PRIOR

CRIMINAL NOT FELONY NOT HOMICIDE OTHER REPORTED CONVICTIONS REpORTED

1) 11 2q 20

13 II 2q 20

10 16 19

17


62 Capital Punish ment 1983


Prisoners removed from death row, by race and prior felony history -region." and States

REGION AND STATE

TOTAL

UNITED STATES

"EDERAL • STATE ••

'IOQTHEAST MA INE •••• ~E. HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHU~ETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECT I CUT • NEW YORK. • • NEW JERSEY •• PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI. •• NORTH DAKOTA • • OUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •


~~~~~~~~. OF COLU:'BiA: VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. r,EORGIA • FLORIDA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEY.AS •

WEST ••• MONTANA IDAHO • HYOMlNG • COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• lITAH •••• NEVADA. • • WASHINGTON. OREGON. • • CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAWAII. ••


39

39

29

2 1 q

12

.'

19

19

12

BLACK


CRIMINAL HOMICIDE OTHER

NOT REPORTED

11

11

NO PRIOR FELONY

CONVICTIONS

16

16

15

NOT REPORTED

~EGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES


NO~THEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE I.LAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK. • • NEW JE~SI'Y. • PENNSYI.VANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. ~ICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNF.SOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. 50UTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS ••

SOLITH ••• nELAWA~E.

~~m~~~' OF totUMB iA: VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGP!IA • NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAPOLINA. r,EOR~IA • FLORIDA •• KENTUCKy. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • ~ISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA nKLAHO~A • TEXAS •

WBr. •• MONTANA IDAHO • WY~MING • COLORADO •• NEW MEXICO. A~ !ZONA • • UTAH •••• NHADA ••• W~SHINGTON. OREGON. • • CAlIFO~NIA. A(.ASKA. • • HAWAII •••

- Rl<pK'sents zc-ro.

TOTAl. TOTAL

1 Persons cnumerntrd undl"r "'.\11 othor RncrR" wpr(' 1\9inn.

ALL OTHER RACES 1

P~IOR FELONY CONVICTION~


NOT REPORTED

NO PRIOR FELONY

CONVICTIONS NOT

REPORTED

-


Table 26 (December 31, 1983)

Prisoners under sentence of death, by race and year received -regions and States

ALL RACES WHITE BLACK ALL OTHER RACES I

1-------- ~- - ------- ,~-

REGION AND STATE RECEIVED RECE I VED RECEIVED RECEIVED ~ECEIVED IN PPIOR RECEIVED IN PRIOR RECEIVED IN PRIOR RECEIVED IN PRIOR

TOTAL I~ 19~3 YEARS TOTAL IN 1983 YEARS TOTAL I~ 1983 YEARS TOTAL IN 1983 YEARS

UNITeD STATE!' 1202 251 951 690 151 539 500 98 402 12 10

FEDERAL • STATE •• 1202 251 951 690 151 539 500 98 402 12 10

NORTHEAST 37 \8 19 20 13 17 !l ~AINE •• NEW HAMPSHiRE VERMONT • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK. 1 1 1 NEW JERSEY. 3 3 1 2 PENNSYLVANI A. JJ 14 19 19 13 14

NORTH CENTRAL 136 19 97 65 23 42 70 16 54 OHIO •• 18 15 3 9 8 1 9 7 2 INDIANA: 21 6 15 12 • 8 9 2 7 11.LINOIS. 64 16 48 26 9 17 38 7 31 MICHIGAN. 'I~CONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA •• MISSOURI. ~IORTH DAKOTA:

23 21 11 12 12

SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. 10 10 KANSAS. •

SOUTH • • 777 143 63. .30 86 344 343 57 286 ~ELAWARE: 6 Eo 3 J 3 3 MARyLAND.

COLUMBiA: 11 11 3 3 8 8

DISTRICT OF VIRGINIA. 20 17 11 10 WEST VIRGINIA • NORTH CAROLINA. 33 11 22 16 5 II 16 6 10 SOUTH CAROLINA. 28 12 16 15 6 9 13 6 7 GEORGIA • 102 7 95 51 6 45 51 1 50 FLORIDA • 1 ¢3 '4 159 113 20 93 80 14 66 KENTUCKY. 19 6 13 17 5 12 2 1 I TENNESSEE • 31 5 26 20 1 19 10 4 6 Al.ABAHA • 49 13 36 13 5 8 36 8 28 MISSISSIPPI 37 5 32 16 4 12 21 1 20 ARKANSAS. 22 1 21 14 14 8 1 7 1.0UISIANA 24 5 19 13 5 8 11 11 OKLAHOMA. 39 8 31 30 4 26 8 4 4 TEXAS • 163 JJ 130 98 23 75 65 10 55

WEST ••• 252 51 201 175 35 140 70 14 56 MONTANA 4 1 3 3 1 2 1 I IDAHO • 7 7 7 7 WYOMING • 3 3 3 3 CoLORADO. 1 1 I

l 1

NEW MEXICO: 6 5 5 4 ARIZONA • 51 4. 46 40 UTAH •• .. 4 3 I I NEVADA. 2J 17 15 12 WASHINGTON: 4 2 3 2 OREGON. CALIFORNIA. 149 33 116 91 68 53 44 ALASKA. • HAWA II • . .

- Represents zero.

Iperaons enumerated undct' "All Other Rnces" were 7 American Indinns nnd 5 Asinns.

Preceding page blank Capital Punishment 1983 65


Prisoners under sentence of death, by race and months elapsed since sentencing-regions and States

ALL RACES

REGION AND STATE MEDIAN UNDER 12 12 TO 23 24 TO 35 36 TO 47 4e TO 71 72 MONTHS ELAPSED

TOTAL MONTHS MONT~S MONTHS MONTfiS MONTHS AND OVER' MONTHS

UNITED STATE~ 1202 251 25R 218 146 186 143 28

FEDERAL • STATE • • 120? 251 258 218 146 186 10 28

NORTHEAST 37 18 13 MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECT! CUT • NEW YORK ••• 1 1 IBl NEW JERSEy •• 3 3 I Bl PENNSYLVAN I A. 33 14 14

NORTH CENTRAL 136 39 27 24 23 20 26 OHIO ••• 19 15 3 8 INDIANA. 21 6 5 5 3 2 22 ILLINOIS. 64 1~ 11 11 15 11 27 "ICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI. •• 23 26 NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. 10 62 KANSAS. •

SOUTH • • • 777 143 154 .33 84 13, 131 )2 DELAWARE. 6 2 1 1 27 MARYLAND. •

COLUMBiA: 11 5 5 I 25 DISTRICT OF

VIRGINIA •••• 20 n WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. 33 11 9 4 5 4 18 SOUTH CAROLINA. 28 12 I 5 4 4 2 31 GEORGIA. 102 7 10 9 10 26 40 62 FLORIDA •• 193 34 34 20 22 37 46 40 KENTUCKY •• 19 6 6 4 2 I 17 TENNESSEE • 31 5 8 8 4 6 29 ALABAMA • • 49 13 21 14 19 "ISSISSIPPI 37 5 10 10 5 I 27 ARKANSAS _ 22 1 2 8 1 4 35 LOUISIANA 2~ 5 5 1 2 5 30 OKLAHOMA. 39 8 9 7 4 9 2 32 TEXAS • 163 33 28 28 19 28 27 33

WEST, •• 252 51 69 53 31 33 25 MONTANA 4 I 181 IDAHO • 7 22 WYOMING • 3 181 COLORADO. • I 181 NEW MEXICO. 6 1 ;! 1 23 ARIZONA •• 51 7 12 10 14 3 40 UTAH ••• 4 1 1 2 IBl NEVADA ••• 23 6 3 I 21 WASHINGTON. 4 2

~ I 181

~REGON ••• CALIFORNIA. 149 33 39 39 22 16 25 ALASKA. • • HAWAI I •••

S~e footnotes at end of table.


WHITE

REGION AND STATE MEDIAN UNDER 12 12 TO 23 24 TO 35 36 TO 47 48 TO 71 72 MONTHS ELAPSED

TOTAL MONTHS MONTHS MONTHS MONTHS MONTHS AND OVER MONTHS

UNITED STATES 690 151 147 110 92 112 78 28

FEnERAL • STATE • 690 151 147 110 92 112 78 28

NORTHEAST 20 19 ~AINE • NEW HAMPSHiRE VERMONT • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK. NEW JERSEY. I ( 01 PENNSYLVANIA: 19 19

NORTH CE'ITRAL 65 23 13 11 19 OHIO. 9 8 1 7 INDIANA : 12 4 4 15 ILLINOIS. 26 9 4 19 MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA. ~ISSOURI. NORTH DAKOTA:

11 ?1

SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. 68 KANSAS.

SOUTH • 430 86 82 65 51 77 69 33 DELAWARE. 3 I I I 101 MARYLAND. 3 I 1 ( BI DISTRICT Dr, COLUMBIA. IB) VIRGINIA. WEST VIRGINIA:

21

NORTH CAROLINA. 16 5 2 2 15 SOUTH CAROLINA. 15 6 4 3 2 32 GEORGIA 51 6 e 4 7 12 14 49 FLORIDA: 113 20 1~ 8 17 21 29 44 KENTUCKY. 17 5 5 4 2 1 18 TE')NESSEE : 20 I 7 6 2 4 29 ALABAMA • 13 5 5 3 19 MISSISSIPPI 16 4 7 2 I I 16 ARKANSAS. 14 [ 6 I 2 30 LOUISIANA 13 5 1 I 2 4 35 OKLAHOHA. 30 4 6 6 4 8 2 33 TEXAS • 99 2l 17 15 11 15 17 J2

WEST. 175 35 46 34 2B 26 26 MONTANA 3 I , 01 IDAHO. 7 22 WYOMING • 3 , BI COLORADO. I '81 NEW MEXICO. 5 I 1 26 ARIZONA. 46 11 9 13 40 UTAH. I 1 ( 81 NEVADA. 15 2 29 WASHINGTON: 3 , 81 OREGON. CALIFORNiA: 9[ 23 21 22 15 10 25 ALASKA. HAWA I I.



Table 27 (December 31, 1983) continued

Prisoners under sentence of death, by race and months elapsed since sentencing-regions and States

BLACK

REG I ON AND STATE MEDIAN UNDER 12 12 TO 23 24 TO 35 36 TO 47 48 TO 71 72 MONTHS :LAPSED

TOTAL MoNTHS MO~THS MONTHS MONTHS MONTHS AND OVER I MONTHS

UNITED STATEs 500 96 107 104 54 72 65 29

FEDERAL • STATE •• 500 98 107 104 54 72 65 29

NO~THEAST 17 11 10 "AINE • NEW HAMPSHiRE VERMONT • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE 1 SLAND. CONNECTICUT • ~IEW YORK. • 1 181' NEW JERSEy. : 2 IBI PENNSYLVAN I A. 14 11

NORTH CENTRAL 70 16 14 16 12 12 27 OHIO ••• 9 7 2 8 INDIANA. 9 2 1 30 ILLINOIS. 3~ MICHIGAN.

7 7 28

WISCONSIN ~IINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI •• NORTH DAKOTA:

12 29

SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. 151 KANSAS ••

SOUTH • 343 57 70 67 33 54 62 31 DEI.AWARE: 3 ? 1 cal MARYLAND. DISTRICT OF COLUf,BiA:

8 4 23

VIRGINIA •• WEST VIRGINIA:

11 46

NORTH CAROLINA. 16 6 5 1 2 2 18 SOUTH CAROLINA. 13 6 1 1 4 1 21 GEORGIA. 51 1 2 5 3 14 26 71+ FLORIDA •• 80 lq 16 12 5 16 17 32 KENTUCKY •• 2 1 1 (5) TENNESSEE • 10 q 1 2 14 ALABAMA • • 36 8 16 11 19 MISSISSIPPI 21 1 3 8 32 ARKANSAS. 8 1 1 2 2 35 LOUISIANA 11 4 6 1 30 OKLAHOMA. 8 q 2 1 1 12 TEXAS • 65 10 11 13 1.3 10 34

WEST. •• 70 1q 21 17 2q MONTANA 1 10l 10AHO • WYOMING • COLORADO •• NEW MEXICO. 151 ARIZONA •• (5) UTAH. .. lal NEVADA. WASH!NGTi>N:

14

OREGON. • • CALIFORNIA. 53 16 16 25 ALASKA. HAWAII. : :



L.-_______________________ ---

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST ~AINE •••• NEW HA~PSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK. • • NEW JERSEy. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA • ILLINOIS. ~ICHIGAN. WISCONSIN "INNESOTA IOWA ••• "ISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEPRAS~A • KANSAS. •

SOUTH • • • DELAWARE. MARyLAND. • ~ISTRICT OF COLU"BIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. ~EORr,IA • FLORIDA •• KENTUC~Y •• TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • ~ISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHO~A. TEXAS •

WE<T ••• "ONTANA IDAHO • WYOMING • COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WA~HINGTON. OREGON. • • CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAWAII •••

12

1<

UNDER 12 MONTHS

12 TO 23 MONTHS

ALL OTHER RACES'

2q TO 35 MONTHS

36 TO q7 MONTHS

qa TO 71 72 MONTHS MONTHS AND OVER

MEDIAN ELAPSED

MONTHS

22

22

IBI

101

f B!

101

IBI

fal'

( 01

(01

101

22

NOTE~ For persons who wero rcst'ntt'nc('d to dC'nth dUring 1983 after having bN'11 J'('licvcd of the denth !'Icntcnc(> prior to 1983, the time> dorsad 1101 calculated from the most recent sentence date only: thus, the person's total time on death row is understnted There \\:('ro 9 such caseg in T(lxns (2 orlgino.lly sent('ncNJ in 1975, removed 1n 1982, 1 sentenced 1n 1976, t'('moved 111 1919, 2 sentenced 1n 1977, 2 In 1978, 1 in lQ79, 1 1n 1981, removed 1n 1982) resentenced in 1983 and 2 in South Carolinn (sentenced in 1980, L'10ved in 1982) and resentenced to denth in 19R'J. For tnt.'U) parsons relievNI of tIl(' dc>nth sentence nnd rcsentf'nced within the sanll~ yoar, time (llnpsed is ca1culntf'd from the originnl !'Sentence date nnd, thus, is slightly ovcr!'StntC'd. TIW're were no such cnses reported for 198).

lThc longest nmount of time scrv(ld on denth row by those under sentt>ncC' of !loRth at the end of 1983 wns 119 months, sC'rveC1 by 13 black Inmatc> sentencod in January 1974 in Floridn.

2Persons onumernted under "All Other Racos" wore 7 Amoricnn Indinns nnd 5 Asians.


Table 28 (December 31 , 1983)

Prisoners under sentence of death, by race and offense-regions and States

ALL RACES WHITE

~EGIO~ AND STATE ALL KIDNAP- ALL K!DNAP-

OFFENSEs flJRDER RAPE !~G OTHER OFFENSES MURDER RAPE ING OTHER

I UNITED STATES 1'0' 120? 690 "91'

FEOERAL • STATE • DO, 1202 690 690

NORTHEAST J7 J7 20 20 MAINE NEW HAMPSHiRE VERMONT • ~ASSACHU~ETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK. 1 I NEW JERSEY. 3 J 1 I PENNSYLVAN I A. Jl J3 19 19

~ORTH CENTRAL 136 136 65 05 OHIO. la 18 9 9 INDIANA: 21 21 12 12 ILLINOIS. 64 64 26 26 MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN ~INNESOTA IOWA. MISSOURI. 21 NORTH ~AKOTA.

23 11 11

SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. 10 10 ~ANSAS •

SOUTH • 777 777 Q30 4JO DELAWARE. 6 6 3 3 MARyLAND. 11 11 3 3 DISTRICT OF COLUMBI A. VIRGINIA. 20 20 WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. 33 33 16 16 SOUTH CAROLINA. 28 28 15 15 GEORGIA. 10, 10? 51 51 FLORIDA. 193 193 113 113 KENTUCKY. 19 19 17 17 TENNESSEE • 31 31 20 20 ALABAMA • Q9 49 IJ D MISSISSIPPI 37 37 16 16 ARKANSAS. 22 22 14 14 LOUISIANA 24 24 lJ 13 OKLAHOMA. J9 J9 30 30 TEXAS • 163 16J 98 98

WE,r, 252 25? 175 175 MONTANA 4 4 3 3 IDAHO • 7 7 7 7 WYOMING • 3 3 3 3 COLORADO. 1 1 I 1 NEW MEXICO: 6 6 5 5 ARIZONA. 51 51 46 46 UTAH. 4 4 1 I NEVADA. 23 23 15 15 WASHINGTON: 4 Q 3 J OREGON. CALIFORNiA: 149 149 91 91 ALASKA. HAWAII •

See footn,nC$ .J.t end of toJble

70 Capital PUllishment 1983

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT ••• MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECT! CUT • ~EW YORK ••• NEW JERSFV. • PENNSVLVANIA.

NORTH CEN1'RAL OHIO ••• INDIANA .• ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. ~I SCONS IN MINNeSOTA IOWA ••• HISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •


~~m~~~' of cOLUMBiA: VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA • NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA • FLORIDA •• KENTUCKV •• TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST ••• MONTANA IDAHO • wVOMING • COLORADO •• NE~ HEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON. • • CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. • • HAWAII •••

- Represents zero.

ALL OFFENsES

<;00

17

1 , 1'1

70 9 q

3~

l'

)~,

3 8

11

16 13 5\ 80 , 10 36 21

8 1\

8 6<;

70 \

53

M~RDER

500

500

17

1 2

1~

70 9 9

38

12

3~3 3 B

11

16 13 51 80

? 10 36 21

8 11

8 65

70 I

53

BLACK

KIDNAP-RAPE ING

lPcrsons enumerated under "All Other Races" were 7 Amorican lndlnns nnd 5 A,Hnns.

ALL OTHER RACES I

ALL K IDNAP-OTHER OFFENSES MURDER RAPE ING OTHER

12 12

12 12



Prisoners under sentence of death, by race and age-regions and States

ALL RACES WHITE

REGION AND STATE UNDER 20 T~ 25 TO 30 TO 35 TO 40 TO UNDER 20 TO '5 TO 30 TO 35 TO 40 TO ALL 20 24 29 34 39 54 55 YEARS ALl. 20 24 29 34 39 54 55 YEARS

AGES YEMS YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS AND OVER AGES YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS YEARS AND OVER

UNITED STATEs. 120' 12 217 337 260 203 156 17 690 ll6 166 147 129 113 15

FEOERAL. • STATE. •• 1'0' 12 217 337 260 ?OJ 156 17 690 ll6 166 147 129 113 \5

~'O~THEAST • 37 12 20 MAINE ••••• NEW HAMPSHIRE. VERMONT •• MASSACHUSETTS. RHODE 'I SLAND CONNECTICUT. NEW YORK • • I 1 NEW JERSEY • 1 2 1 PENNSYLVANIA 33 9 19

NORTH CENTRAL. 136 30 41 25 17 19 65 20 13 10 11 OHIO ••• I~ 9 5 , 2 9 5 2 I INDIANA. 21 7 6 , 2 t 12 6 3 ILLINOIS. 64 11 IA II 9 14 26 6 4 MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN, MINNESOTA. IOWA ••• MISSOURI •• 23 11 NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA NERRASKA to 3 KANSAS •

SOUTH ••• 777 130 239 159 136 9t 12 430 63 120 67 79 66 10 DELAWARE ~ 2 2 2 3 I 1 I MARYLAND ...... II 5 2 2 3 2 I DISTRICT OF COLU-S I A VIRGINIA ••• 20 WEST VIRGINIA. NOR',H CAROLINA 33 5 9 10 5 16 5 3 3 SOUTH CAROLINA 2R 5 14 , 4 3 15 7 2 3 GEORGIA •• 10, 10 30 25 21 15 51 16 10 13 5 FLORIDA ••• 193 18 53 47 44 27 113 26 26 27 23 KENTUCKY • • 19 4 4 6 3 1 17 4 6 3 1 TENNESSEE •• 31 J 12 6 5 3 20 8 7 2 3 ALABAMA. • • 49 15 7 P 6 4 13 3 1 3 3 2 ~ISSISSIPPI. " 9 13 6 3 3 16 5 3 3 1 2 ARKANSAS • 2' 3 6 6 3 4 14 I 3 4 3 3 LOUISIANA. 24 4 9 5 2 1 13 2 3 4 I 2 OKLAHOMA 39 5 15 4 6 7 30 3 10 3 5 7 2 TEXAS. 163 37 56 30 21 17 98 20 30 19 14 14 I

WEST ••• '5, 1'9 50 71 44 34 175 29 29 46 37 29 MONTANA. 4 1 I 1 1 3 t I I IDAHO •• 7 5 7 5 WYOMING. J I 3 1 COLORAOO • I I NEW MEXICO 6 1 5 2 AR I ZONA. • 51 6 16 10 46 6 14 10 UTAH ••• 4 1 1 1 NEVAOA • • 23 3 4 15 2 WASHINGTON 4 2 1 3 2 OREGON •• CALIFORNIA 149 29 ALAsKA • •

35 46 24 15 91 16 16 26 21 12

HAWAII ••



L-___________________________ -----. ----

BLACK ALL OTHER RACES I

REGION AND STATE UNDER 20 TO 25 TO 30 TO 35 TO qO T~ UNDER 20 TO 25 TO 30 TO 35 TO qO TO ALL 20 24 29 34 39 5q 5~ VEARS ALL 20 24 29 34 39 54 55 VEARS

AGES YEARS YEARS YEARS VEARS VEARS VEARS AND OVoR AGES VEARS VEARS YEARS VEARS YEARS VEARS AND OVER

UNITED STATES. 500 97 167 III 73 q2 12

FEDERAL. ~TATE. 500 97 167 III 73 q2 12

NORTHEAST. 17 MAINE. NEW HAMPSHIRE: VERMONT. MASSACHUSETTS: RHODE ISLAND CONNECT! CUT. NEW YORK NEW JERSEy , PENNSVLVANI A I"

NORTH CENTRAL. 70 10 27 \'; 11 OHIO. q " 3 I I INDIANA. q I 5 , I ILLINOIS 38 3 I. 8 8 MICHIGAN • WISCONSIN. MINNESOTA. IOWA M I S50UR I NORTH DAKOTA

I?

SOUTH DAKOTA NE"RASKA KANSAS •

SOUTH. 1.3 65 118 7' 59 n ~ELAWARE 1 I 1 1 MARYLAND ...... B 3 2 I DISTRICT OF COLUMB I A VIRGINIA. WEST VIRGINiA:

II

NORTH CAROLINA 16 I • , 7 SOUTH CAROLINA 11 , 7 , 2 GEORGIA. 51 " I. 15 8 10 FLORIDA. 80 9 27 21 17 4 KENTUCKV : , 2 TENNESSEE. 10 ? • I ALABAMA. 36 I' 6 q MISSISSIPPI: 21 " 10 31 ARKANSAS • 8 2 3 , LOUISIANA. II , 6 I 2 OKLAHOMA R , • I I TEXAS. 65 17 26 II 7

WEST 70 18 19 21 MONTANA: I IDAHO. WYOMIN(;. COLORADO • NEW MEXICO ARIZONA. UTAH NEVADA • WASHINGTON OREGON CALIFORNIA 51 13 17 18 ALASKA HAWAI!

NOTE: The youngest person under !'Ipntcllco of rl('Qth WRS n black imnnte 1n 'l1aalssippl born in r(>brunry lq66. The oldest wns n white inmatC' in TeXAS born 1n November 1901.

- Represents zero.

I Pcrsons t'nurncrnt€'d under ",\11 Othcr Rnees" wen' 7 ,\mericnn IndinnR nnd 5 Asinns,



Prisoners under sentence of death, by race and highest grade of schooling completed-regions and States

ALL RACES ~HlTE

REGION AND STATE 7TH 7TH GRADE 9TH TO GRADE 9TH TO

OR 8TH 11 TH 12TH ANY NOT RE_ OR 8TH I IlH 12TH ANy NOT RE-TOTAL LESS GRADE GRADE GRADE COLLEGE PORTED TOTAL LESS GRADf GRADE GRADE COLLEGE PORTED

UNITED STATEs 1'02 99 123 35B 319 BB 215 690 60 80 18" 191 64 111

I'EDERAL • STATE •• "02 99 123 35B 319 88 215 690 60 80 18q , 191 6q 111

NORTHEAST 37 II 20 q: HAINE ••• -I NEW.HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • HASSACH~SETTS -RHODE ISLAND. -, CONNECTICUT •

i NEw YO~K ••• 1 NEW JERSEY •• ,

I PENNSYLVANIA. JJ 19 6

NO~TH CENTRAL 136 15 49 41 14 12 65 19 2J OHIO ••• 1~ 1 6 2 B 9 J INDIANA. 21 " 8 6 1 2 12 J ILLINOIS. 64 5 27 20 7 2 2~ 11

,I

MICHIGAN. '1 WISCONSIN

MINNESOTA : I IowA ••• ·1 MISSOURI ••• . ' 23 P II NORTH DAKOTA.

~ I <OUTH OAKOTA. NEBRASKA. 10 KANSAS. •

SOUTH • .. 771 81 88 25' 199 43 114 430 48 57 126 117 30 OELAWARE. 6 I J I I 3 1 1 I MARYLAND •• II <; 4 3 2 I

~ ~I5TRICT 01' COLU~BIA. VIRGINIA. 20 WEST VIRGINIA • NORTH CAROLINA. 33 6 5 I' 9 I 16 , 3 7 2 .\ SOUTH CAROliNA. 28 7 5 10 5 1 15 4 4 4 3 ..J GEORGI A • 102 13 J3 35 19 7 15 51 6 6 18 9 8j "LORIDA •• 193 15 31 57 61 It 18 113 11 21 30 J3 10: KENTUCKY •• 19 , 5 6 5 1 17 I 5 5 5 TENNESSEE • 31 4 I 7 11 4 4 20 2 il 4 6 4 ALABAMA • • 49 I 3 9 5 31 D 3 u <; MISSISSIPPI 37 2 7 IJ 6 2 7 16 it 3 3 2 J ARKANSAS. ?2 2 I 10 7 2 1" 4 Ji 2 LOUISIANA 24 5 ? 6 9 2 13 2' 3 2 OKLAHOMA. 39 5 5 1" r4 I 30 4 1 9 I TEXAS • . ' 163 15 8 59 38 10 JJ 98 6, 32 25 i 19

I WEST ••• '52 II 1" .9 68 29 81 175 13: 33 .7 2. 50

MONTANA " I I I t :1 3 :1 I I IDAHO. 7 1 1 " I 7 1 4 WYO~ING • 3 2 1 3 - 2 COLORADO •• I I 1 -, I NEW MEXICO. 6 5 5 -I " ARIZONA •• 51 11 18 10 46

~I 16 10

UTAH •••• 4 3 I NEVADA ••• 23 9 15 WASHINGTON. 4 3 OREGON.

~I CALlI'ORNIA. 149 29 25 10 77 91 18 II 47 ALASKA. . HAWAII •••

Sec footnotes at cnd .,f table.


~-------------------------------

BLACK

REGION AND STATE 9TH TO

7TH GRADE

OR 8TH 11TH 12TH ANY NOT RE-TOTAL LESS GRADE GRADE GRADE COLLEGE PORTED

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST ~AINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT. NEw YORK. • NEW JERSEy. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO. INDIANA • ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA. MISSOU~I. NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NE~RAS~A • KANSAS.

SOUTH • ~ELAWARE. MARYLAND. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA. KENTUCKY. TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WE5T. MONTANA IOAHO • WYOMING •

500

<;00

17

70 9 9

3S

1~

3q3 1 8

11

16 13 51 80

2 10 36 21 ~

11 S

65

70 1

38

38

33 30

? 1 7

10

171

171

30 1 1

19

5 6

17 27

I ? 6

10 6 1 <;

27

15

- i

125

- i

IS 3 3 9

- !

- I

81

; i

b 2

10 28

; I

1 3 1 5 ?

13

19

- I

COLORADO. I NEW MEXICO. -

~~!~~NA • - IIi NEVADA. 3 1

__ ~_~_~_j_~_~_~:_~_:_: __________________ L-___ '_3-L ______ L-____ -L ___ '_'~ .j - Represents zero.

lpersons enumerated under "All Other RO\:l'S" were 1 Aml'riuUl Indians and 5 As1.llns.

23

23

~I ~I

101

101

6~ 1

26 q

lq

28

28

TOTAL

12

12

1 '

7TH GRADE

OR LESS

ALL OTHER RACES I

9TH TO 8TH 11 TH 12TH ANY NOT RE-

GRADE GR ADE GRADE COLLEGE PORTED

- I

- i

- I



Prisoners under sentence of death, by race and marital status at time of imprisonment-regions and States

ALL RACES WHITE r---~' ,---

REGION AND STATE DIVORCED DIVORCED OR NEVER NOT RE_ OR NEVER NOT RE-

TOTAL MARR lED SEPARATED WIOOWED MARR I ED PORTED TOTAL MARRIED S"PARATED WIDOWED MARRIED PORTED

UNITED STATE~ 1202 366 223 2q q64 103 690 227 169 19 226 49

FEOERAL • STATE •• 1202 366 223 24 464 103 690 227 169 19 226 49

NORTHEAST 37 12 MAINE ••••

15 20 3

NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT ••• MASSACHUSETTS RHODE I SLMIO. CONNECTICUT • ~EW YORK. • • I I NEW JERSEy. • 3 1 I I PENNSYLVANIA. j3 11 13 19

NORTH CENTRAL 136 34 25 75 65 12 15 37 OHIO ••• 16 4 q 10 9 I I 7 INDIANA. 21 3 I 16 12 2 1 6 ILLINOIS. 64 20 13 30 26 7 8 11 MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN "INNESOTA IOWA ••• HI SSOURI. • • 23 12 11 ~ORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. 10 KANSAS.

SOUTH • • • 777 234 144 15 296 88 430 Iql 111 12 127 39 DELAWARE. 6 2 I 3 3 2 I MARYLAND. •

COLUMBiA: il 2 I 7 3 2 I

OISTRICT OF VIRGINIA •••• 20 WEST VIRGINIA • NORTH CAROLI~A. 33 5 10 16 16 3 6 6 SOUTH CAROLI~A. 26 7 q 17 15 4 4 7 GEORGIA. 102 28 II 42 17 51 13 9 17 FLORIDA •• 193 62 46 60 I 113 ql 34 36 KENTUCKY. • 19 4 7 5 I 17 4 7 3 TENNESSEE • 31 13 6 10 I 20 7 6 5 ALABAMA • • 49 3 2 10 32 13 2 I 2 MISSISSIPPI 37 10 q 17 5 16 5 3 6 ARKANSAS. ~2 8 6 8 14 7 4 3 LOUISIANA 24 6 6 10 I 13 4 5 3 OKLAHOMA. 39 22 6 7 2 30 15 6 5 2 TEXAS • 163 55 27 57 2q 98 30 21 31 16

WEST ••• 252 86 50 96 13 175 66 41 55 MONTANA 4 1 1 2 3 I I I IDAHO. 7 2 3 2 7 2 3 2 WYOMING • 3 1 2 3 1 2 COLORAOO. • I 1 1 1 NEW MEXICO. 6 3 1 5 3 ARIZONA •• 51 19 17 15 , 46 19 15 12 UTAH. 4 2 2 ' 1 1 NEVADA ••• 23 4 6[ 12 : 15 4 WASHINGTON. 4 2 I 1, 3 OREGON. - I CALIFORNIA. 149 ~5

1~ I 6~ I 11 91 36 13 34 ALASKA. • • HAWAII •••

See footnotes at cnd of table.


BLACK ALL OTHER RACES' -----------r---------- ,---.. ----.. --.

r-----r-----.------r-----,-----r-----r----,-------r------r-----~---~r----

I I DIVORCED REGION AND STATE DIVORCED OR

SEPARATED NEVER NOT RE- OR

TOT~L MARRIED WIDOWED MARRIED PORTED i TOTAL MARRIED, SEPARATED

UNITED STATES


NORTHEAST ~AINE • NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK. • NEW JERSEY. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NOQTH CE~TRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA. MISSOURI ••• NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NERRAS~A • KANSAS.

500

500

17

1 2

14

10 9 9

38

12

SOUTH • 343 DELAWARE. 3 MARYLAND. 8 DISTRICT OF COLU~8IA. VIRGINIA. 11 ~EST VIRGINIA.

139

139

~" 3 1

13

;;1

NORTH CAROLINA. 16 2 SOUTH CAROLINA. 13 3 GEOR"IA • 51 15 FLORIDA. 80 ~1 KENTUCKY. 2 TENNESSEE • 10 6

53

53

10 3

32 1 1

ALABAMA • 36 1 1 MISSISSIPPI ?1 5 1

250

250

37 3 8

19

167 2 6

10 10 25 44

! 53

53

- I

49

8 1 -I

25 i 4 '

12

12

ARKANSAS. 8 1 2

LOUISIANA 11 2 691 I -:-1 OKLAHOMA. 8 7 TEXAS • 55 ~5

WEST. 70 19 _1 I ~g~MN~ 1 ::-1,

2 4 8

11 5 7 1

26

38 1

- i ~ I AI

WYOM I NG • .-:-,1 COLORADO. • NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA. 2 I I

11 - !

NEVER WIDOWED MARRIED

8

~~~~~~GTON. 1~ ~ i _·.:1 Ii

CALIFORNIA. 53 18 6 26 OREGON. • • - 1 .-1

_~_~_:_~_~A_I: _________________ ~ ______ ~ ______ ~ _____ : _____ = __ . __ ~ _____ ~ _____ 4-_____ -~I ________ ~ ______ -~i~ ___ _ ~ Represt'nts zero.

lpersons enumerated under "Ail Other Races!! were 7 American Indians nnd ') Auinns.

I

NOT REPORTED




Prisoners under sentence of death, by race and legal status at time of capital offense-regions and States

-----_._----,------------~--~--~--.- --_ .. ----.-----.----~------.--

ALL RACES

REGION A~D STATE ~OT UNDER SE~TENCE UNDER SENTENCE

I I ESCAPED I ~O C'iARGES i CHARGES ON O~ ! FROM NOT

________________________ ~---T-O-T-AL~---P-E-N-D-I~-G~!---P-E-ND-I-N-G+-P_R_O_B_AT_I~O_N+_---PA-R-O-L-E+'----PR-I-S-O-N+_I-M-P-R-IS_O_N_E_D~, ___ n_THER' REPORTED

UNITED STATE;


~ORTHEAST MAIN>: • ~EW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • MASSACHUSETTS RHODE I SLA"D. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK. NEW JERSEY. PEN~SYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA • ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI. •• NORTH nAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NERRASKA. KANSAS.

SOUTH • • • DELAWARE. MARYLA~D ••••••• DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. VIRGINIA •••• WEST VIRGINIA. ~ORTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA • KENTUCKY. • TE~NESSEE • ALABAMA • MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHO~A. TEXAS •

WE<r • MONTANA IDAHO • WYOMING • COLORADO. NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA • UTAH •• NEVADA. WASHINGTON. OREGON. CALIFORNIA. ALASKA. HAWAII.

·1

:i

1202

1202

17

1 )

13

IJ6 18 ~1 64

~)

10

777 6

11

~O

1) ~8

10? 193

19 31 , "9 17 >2 ~4

19 163 ,

2~2 4 7 3 I 6

~I 4

'J 4

562

562

- i I

19

- I

393 5 4

'7 12 70

110 11 ?6 17 32

9 ,3 '0 16

78 3 6 2

5 '3

3 '0

2

14

1 4 -

28

6 : 1 '

50

50

1 1 9

10

5, 4

10 - :

- , - , - !

175

175

26 1 1

'3

113

6 16

?61 -I

10 1 1 1

13

26

26

201 -I 1,

:1

5

:i I'

-:

:1

- ---- --- --------------

20

Ii

:1 1, I'

II

12 1

300

300

21

21

157

4 123

116

117

WHITE

NOT UNDER SENTENCE UNDER SENTENCE REGION AND STATE

ESCAPED NO C"ARGES CHARGES ON ON FRO~ NOT

TOTA~ PENDING PENDING PROBATION PAROLE PRISON IHPRISON~D OTHER l REPORTED

UNITED STATES 690 329 26 31 8~ 17 18 177

FEDERAL • STATE • ., ~90 3~9 26 31 8~ 17 18 177

NORTHEAST MAINE •

,0 10

NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • MASSACHUSETT~ ~HODE I S~AND. CONNECT! CUT NE~ YORK. NEW JERSEy. 1 PENNSY~ VAN I A. 19 10

NORTH CENTRAL 65 ~q 10 OHIO. 9 6 1 INDIANA: 12 10 ILLINOIS. ,6 15 MICHIGAN. WISCONS IN MINNESOTA IOWA. MISSOURI. NORTH DAKOTA:

II

SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS.

SOUTH. q)O 223 I~ 20 55 11 10 91 DELAWARE. 2 MARYLAND. 2 DISTRICT OF COLU~8IA. VIRGINIA. WEST VIRGINIA: NORTH CAROLINA. 16 I~ SOUTH CAROLINA. 15 q 6 GEORGIA 51 38 1 FLORIDA : 113 6q ~2 KENTUCKY. 17 10 6 TENNESSEE ~o 17 AI.A8AMA • 13 7 MISSISSiPpi 16 13 ARKANSAS. lq 7 LOUISIANA \J 12 OKLAHO~A • 30 17 2 ~ TEXAS • 98 10 10 7~

WEH. 1 is 59 16 7q MONTANA 3 2 IDAHO • 7 6 WYOMING. 3 COLORADO. 1 NE~ MEXICO. 5 ~ ARIZONA. ~6 21 UTAH. 1 I NEVADA. 15 13 WASHINGTON: 3 1

~ I OREGON. CALIFORNiA: 91 7q ALASKA. HAWAII.




Table 32 (December 31, 1983) continued

Prisoners under sentence of death, by race and legal status at time of capital offense-regions and States

REGION AND STATE I ~OT UNDER SENTENCE 'I

UNITED STATEs

FEDE~"L • STATE ••

NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT • • • HA!iSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CO~NECTI CUT • NEW YORK ••• NEw JERSEy •• PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA. ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• MISSOURI ••• ~ORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •


~~~i~~6~' OF COLU';B iA: VIRGINIA •••• IIEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLI No.. SOUTH CAROLINA. GEORGI A • FLORIOA •• KENTUCKY. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA • • ~ISSlSS!PPl ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST ••• MONTANA IDAHO. WYOMING • COLORADO •• NEW MEXICO. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA. • • WA5HINGTON. OREGON ••• CALIFORNIA. ALASKA ••• HAWAII •••

Sec footnotes at. end of table.

TOTAL

500

500

17

1 2

14

70 9 9

18

12

343 3 8

t1

16 13 51 80

2 10 36 ?l

8 11

8 ~5

70 1

~o C~ARGFS PENDING

2?8

2?8

"3 8 8

\6

10

168 3 2

13 8

32 46

1 8

10 )9

2 11

3 8

17 1

I CHARGES I ON PENDING I PROBATION

16 i 18

I 16 ' 18

-I

13

BLACK

ON PAROLE

90

90

18

1 \7

57

1 2 7

11

10

UNDER SENTENCE

ESCAPED FROM

PR I SON ! MPR I SONED

14

10

1 6

NOT OTHER' REPOR TED

t19

t19

t1

11

66

12

'10

39

REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATES

FEDERAL • ~TATE ••

NORTHEAST MAINE •••• NEW HA~PSHIRE VERMONT ••• MASSACHUSETTS RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT • NEW YORK ••• NEW JERSEy. • PENNSYLVANIA.

NORTH CENTRAL OHIO ••• INDIANA • ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN MINNESOTA IOWA ••• ~ISSOUR I. • • NORTH DAKOTA. SOUTH DAKOTA. NEBRASKA. KANSAS. •

SOUTH • • • DELAWARE. MARYLAND •• DISTRICT OF COLU"BIA. VIRGINIA •• , • WEST VIRGINI A • ~DRTH CAROLINA. SOUTH CAROL! NA. GEORGIA. FLORIDA •• KENTUC~Y. • TENNESSEE • ALABAMA •• MISSISSIPPI ARKANSAS. LOUISIANA OKLAHOMA. TEXAS •

WEST. •• MONTANA IDAHO. WYOMING. COLORADO. • NEW MEXIr.O. ARIZONA •• UTAH •••• NEVADA ••• WASHINGTON. OREGON. • • CALIFORNIA. ALASKA ••• HAWAII. ••

~ Represents zero.

ALL OTHER RACES'

UNDER SENTENCE ~OT UNDER SENTENCE -.----~------~-----,------.-----,------.----~

NO CHARGES CHARGES ON ESCAPED

FROM TOTAL PENDING PENDING PROBATION

~N PAROLE PR I SON I MPR I SONED

NOT OTHER' REPORTED

12

12 1 I

: i -'

lPcrsons enumerated under the category "Under Scntencc··Other" include 5 from Florida on mandatory conditional relca,lc, 1 from Kentucky on bail J 1 from Alabama. on an 8 hour pass, 1 from Georgia, AWOL from the U.S. Army, and 1 each from Alaba.ma, Arizona, Delaware} South Cat lina, Tennessee and~ashington on work release.

lpersons enumerated under IIAll Other Raccs" were 7 American Indians and 5 Asians.


8


Prisoners under sentence of death, by race and prior felony history -regions and States

ALL RACES


CRIMINAL NOT FELONY NOT TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE OTHER REPORTED CONVICTIONS REpORTED

UNITI'D STATE~. 1>0? 691 79 qO~ ?Oq 343 168

FE~ERAL. STATE. 1>02 691 79 q08 ,Oq 343 168

NORTHEAST. 37 20 10 13 MAINE. NEW HAMPSHIRE: VERMONT. MASSACHUSETTS: RHODE ISLAND CONNECt I CUT. NEW YORK • \ 1 NEW JERSEY : 3 3 °ENNSYLVANIA 33 16 13

NORTH CENTRAL. 136 92 10 66 16 32 12 OHIO. 18 9 8 1 5 4 INDIAN'. 21 13 11 1 5 3 ILLINOIS • 6" 48 33 9 11 5 MICHIGAN • WI~CONS1N. MINNESOTA. IOWA. MISSOURi 23 16 13 NOPTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA NEBRAS~A 10 KANSAS •

SOIIT4. 777 43q qq ?31 159 201 142 DELAWARE 6 2 1 1 q "ARYL AND ...... 11 6 6 3 DISTRICT OF COLUMB I A VIRGINIA. WEST VIRGINiA:

20 13

NORTH CAROLI NA 33 ,3 1 18 4 10 SOUTH CAROLINA 2" 19 1 15 3 9 GEORGIA. 10? 50 3 18 29 38 jq FLORIDA. 193 138 15 62 61 49 6 <ENTUCKY • I" 12 2 9 1 7 TENNESSEE. 31 23 3 16 q 7 1 ALABAMA. 49 ?9 8 18 3 7 13 MISSISSIPPI: 37 8 6 ? 27 2 ARKANSAS • 2> 19 8 10 3 LOUISIANA. 2" 9 6 12 OKLAHOMA 39 25 15 8 14 TEXAS. 163 58 26 29 6 99

WEST • '5~ 145 15 10q 26 106 MONTANA. " 2 ,

1 Iil.HO. 7 b 5 1 WYOMING. 3 3 2 COLORADO • 1 1 1 NEW MEXICO 6 1 1 5 ARIZONA. 51 3q 22 11 17 UTAH • " 3 , 1 1 NEVADA • 23 11 8 1 12 WASHINGTON q 2 2 2 OREGON • ~

CALI FORNI A 14¢ 82 11 61 10 67 ALASKA • H,;WA II

Sec footnotes ,)t £!nd ()f table.


WHITE


CRIMINAL NOT FELONY NOT TOTAL TOTAL ~OMICIDE OTHER REPORTED CONVICTIONS REPORTED

UNITED STATE'. 690 388 qO ,30 118 216 86

FEDERAL. 5TATE. 690 388 qO >30 118 216 86

NORTHEAST. 20 "AINE. NEW HAMPsiuRE: VERMONT. MASSACHUsbTS: RHODE ISLM'D CONNeCTICUT. NEW YORK NEW JERSEY • 1 PENNSYLVANIA 19

NORTH CENTRAL. 65 40 33 2Q OHIO • 9 q 4 2 I NO I ANA. P 8 8 q ILLINOIS : 26 16 13 8 MICHIGAN • WISCONSIN. MINNESOTA. IOWA. "I SSOUR I NORTH DAKOTA

II

SOUTH DAKOTA NE8RASKA KANSAS •

SOUTH. 430 239 26 [24 89 ll8 73 DELAWARE 3 1 [ 2 MARYLAND ...... 3 [ [ 2 DISTRICT OF COLUHB I A VIRGINIA. WEST VIRGINiA: NORTH CAROLINA [6 12 10 2 q SOUTH CAROLINA [5 [I 8 3 4 GEORGIA. 51 [8 [[ 26 FLORIDA. [IJ ~O [0 32 3" 29 KENTUCKY : [7 II 2 8 [ 6 TENNESSEE. 21 [6 2 11 3 4 ALABAMA. [ 3 9 4 ~ 2 MISSISSIPPI: 16 4 3 II ARKANSAS • I" 12 6 2 LOUISIANA. 13 6 1 7 OKLAHOMA 30 J7 8 7 J3 TEXAS. 98 36 18 15 4 58

WEST • [75 100 69 2, 74 MONTANA: 3 2 2 IDAHO. 7 6 <; WYOMING: 3 3 2 COLORADO • I 1 I NEw MEXICO 5 I I " ARIZONA. q5 ,9 18 Ie J7 UTAH • I I [ NEVADA • [5 7 5 wASHINGTON 3 2 2 OREGON • CALIFORNIA 01 48 34 43 ALASKA

: I HAWAII



... Table 33 (Decemb(~r 31 , 1983) continued

Prisoners lIndor sentence of death, by race and prior felony history -regions and States

BLACK

REGION AND STATE PRIOR FELONY CONVICTIONS NO PRICR

CRIMINAL NOT FELONY NOT TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE OTHER REPORTED CONVICTIONS REPORTED

UN I TED STATEs. <;00 296 39 173 84 122 82

FEDERAL. • STAT, • .. <;00 296 39 173 8q ~?2 82

NORTHEAST. 17 11 MAINE NEW HAMPSHlli,: VERMONT. MASSACHUSETTS: RHODE ISLAND CONNECTICUT. NEW YORK • 1 NEW JERSEY : 2 PENNSYLVANI A 14

NORTH CENTRAL. 70 52 33 10 11 OHIO ••• 9 5 4 1 3 INDIANA •• 9 5 3 1 ILLINlIS • 3~ 32 20 3 MICHIGAN. WI SCONS IN. MINNESOTA. IOWA • MISSOURI •• P NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA NEBRAsKA KANSAS •

SOUTH. 343 192 18 10<; 69 82 69 DELAWARE 3 1 1 2 MARYLAND • • • • 8 OISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

5 1

VIRGINIA •• 11 WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROL. INA 16 10 7 6 SOUTH r', OLINA Ll 8 7 5 GEORGIA, , 51 32 11 18 12 FLORIDA, , , 80 58 30 23 20 KENTUCKY , , , I I 1 TENNESSEE, , 10 6 5 3 1 ALABAHA, • 36 70 13 5 11 MISSISSIPPI, 21 4 3 16 1 ARKANSAS , 8 7 2 1 LOUISIANA, II 3 3 5 OKLAHOMA 8 7 6 I I TEXAS, , 65 ?2 8 14 2 41

WE<r , , 70 ql 32 29 MONTANA, 1 I IDAHO, , WYOMING, COLORADO • NEW MEXICO I ARIZONA. , 4 UTAH, J NEVADA , , 8 WASHINGTON OREGON , , CALI"ORNIA 53 11 25 22 ALASKA , HAW A " , ,

See fcotn<Jtt:S at end of table.


REGION AND STATE

UNITED STATE,.

FEOERAL. • STATE •••

NOPTHEAST. ~AINE ••••• NEW HAMPSHIRE. VERMONT. • • • MASSACHuSETTS. RHODE ISLAND CONNECTICUT. NEW YORK • • NEW JERSEY • PENNSYLVANIA

NORTH CENTRAL. OHIO ••• INDIANA •• ILLINOIS. MICHIGAN. WISCONSIN. MINNESOTA. IOWA ••• MISSOURI •• NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA NEBRASKA KANSAS •

SOUTH ••• DELAWARE

~~~+~~~~ OF' COLUHB I A VIRGINIA ••• WEST VIRGINIA. NORTH CAROLINA 50'_ TH CAROLINA (;EORGIA •• "I.ORIDA ••• KENTUCKY • • TENNESSEE. • ALABAMA. • • MISSISSIPPI. ARKANSAS • LOUISIANA. OKLAHOMA TEXAS ••

WE~T ••• MONTANA. IDAHO •• WYOMING. COLORADO • NEW MEXICO ARIZONA •• UTAH ••• NEVADA •• WASHINC;TON OREGON •• CALIFORNIA AI.ASKA • • HAWAII ••

- Repres(!nta zero.

TOTAl. TOTAL

12

12

ALL OTHER RACES'



NOT REPORTED

lPcrsons enumerated under "All Othc't' Races" were 7 American Indians and 5 Asians.

NO PRIOR FELONY

CONVICTIONS NOT

REpORTED


Appendix III

Methodology

This report is based mainly on data obtained through a mail canvass of the Federal Bureau of Prisons and correctional authorities in the 50 States and the District of Columbia. Information on the legal status of the death penalty and on methods of execution was obtained through a questionnaire mailed to the office of the Attorney General of each jurisdiction. All responded.

Capital Punishment covers all persons under sentence of death at any time during the year and held in a State or Federal nonmilitary correctional facility. The coverage includes capital offenders transferred from prison to such noncorrectional institutions as mental hospitals and those who may have escaped from custody (no such prisoners were reported for 1983). ~ ot included are capital prisoners who for any reason remain in local correctional institutions outside the jurisdiction of the State or Federal correctional authorities from whom data for this series are obtained.

A major procedural change introduced in 1976 was continued through 1982. Beginning with 1976, inmates sentenced to death under statutory provisions later found unconstitutional are removed from the deathrow count at the time of the relevant court finding rather than when the finding is applied to the individual case, as had been the practice before 1976. As a result of this change, statistics for two items for 1976 and a fter are not strictly comparable with statistics for those prior to 1976. The items are: The length of time elapsed from sentencing to disposition in the case of those removed from under the death penalty, and the amount of time expired since sentencing in the case of those still on death row at yearend. This change also precludes strict comparability between data for 1976 and after and pre-1976 data on the number of persons removed from death row and on individuals remaining under sentence of death at yearend.

Two other changes in concept and format differentiate 1977-83 information from data reported in earlier issues of this report. For

Preceding page blank

persons removed from death row, respondents were asked, as in previous years, to supply information about disposition. Prior to 1971, the "method of disposition" was displayed exactly as reported to the NPS program (e.g., indictment dismissed or judgment reversed, commuted to life or term of years, resentenced to life or term of years, new trial granted or resentencing ordered, etc.). Between 1971 and 1975, the specific method of disposition reported by respondents was not tabulated in the report; rather, persons removed from the death row count were listed under one of two categories: "removed from death row" or "died." In 1976, a single table displayed either the method of removal or, in the case of inmates who had undergone further processing after removal from death row, the yearend status (see table 12, Capital Punishment 1976. Beginning in 1977, respondents were asked to report, for each person relieved of the death sentence, both the "method of removal" (table 17) and the "yearend status" in the follow up process (table 18). In 1976, for example, a prisoner whose capital sentence was vacated as a result of the nullification of a death penalty statute and who received a reduced sentence before yearend was tallied only once, i.e., under "reduction of sentence" (table 12, "Capital Punishment 1976); beginning in 1977, a prisoner experiencing this sequence of events was tallied both in table 17 (under "sentence provisions of State statute struck down") and in table 18 (under "serving reduced sentence"). Because method of disposition information beginning in 1977 included both method of removal and yearend status for each prisoner relieved of the death sentence, it is not comparable with that for 1976 nor with that for the years prior to 1971. Because no detail was published in the 1971 through 1975 issues, no such comparison is possible.

A second procedural change was initiated in the 1977 issue of this report to improve the methods of revision and removals of capital prisoners reported a year or more late to the NPS program.

Previously, such transactions were simply added to or deleted from the January 1 count of the year in which the report was received, without, however, adjusting the data on adm issions, removals, or net yearend figures for the year in which the transactions actually occurred. Beginning with the 1977 report, the relevant data are presented to reflect such adjustments, and figures for previous years have been comparable revised to provide a consistent basis for assessing historical trends (table 6). Because of the time lag likely to occur between the receipt of the death penalty and transfer to a State correctional facility, the figures for recent years are subject to revision.

The collection of data on ethnicity (i.e., Hispanic or nonHispanic origin) started with the 1977 enumeration, and the characteristic is determined irrespective of race. Hispanic origin is defined in the instruction to item 4b, Form NPS-8. The count of Hispanic inmates may be subject to error, as correctional authorities in some jurisdictions maintain such information as a matter of record, whereas those in other jurisdictions make a determination solely on the basis of surname inspection.

Overall, coverage on questions of legal status at time of arrest and prior felony history has been available for about 8 out of 10 prisoners since these items were first incorporated in the questionnaire in 1977.

The 1983 questionnaire was the fourth to ask for information on homicide convictions for inmates with a history of prior felonies (see ite,n 100, Form NPS-3). For those under sentence at yearend, the type of felony was reported in 70% of the cases, up from 61 no the previous year. For those removed from death row during 1982, coverage was inadequate (54%), but was better (94%) for those newly sentenced to death.

For the third year in a row, States reported whether their death penalty laws provided for an authomatic appeal from death sentences (sec Item 7, Form NPS--3B and NPS-8C)j coverage for this item was complete.


Appendix IV

Questionnaire

INSTRUCTIONS

Please complete one card for each person who (1) entered your State's correctional system under sentence of death at any time during the report year, or (2) had received a sentence of death in a previous year but was not previously reported. Attempt to answer all items.

Item b. Card of Cards - Complete this item to insure proper accounting of all persons under sentence of death in your correctional system who have not been previously reported.

Example: If you are reporting 4 persons who were given a sentence of death during the report year, or had not been previously reported, and this card relates to the third person reported, you would enter: Card 3 of 4 Cards

Item 4a. Race

(1) White - A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, North Africa, or the Middle East.

(2) Black - A person having origins in any of the black racial groups of Africa.

(3) American Indian or Alaskan Native - A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North America, and who maintains cultural identification through tribal affiliation or community recognition.

(4) Asian or Pacific Islander - A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, or the Pacific Islands. This area includes, for example, China, India, Japan, Korea, the Philippine Islands, and Samoa.

(5) Other - Any other race not covered by the above categories. Please specify the race in the space provided.

Item 4b. Hispanic Origin - Hispanics are defined as those having an ethnic origin or background in Central America, South America, Mexico, Cuba, Puerto Rico, or Spain.

Item 5. Date of Birth - Enter two digits for month (January=01, February=02, etc.) and last two digits of year.

Item 6. Capital offense for which imprisoned -Mark all and only those offenses for which capital punishment was originally levied.

Item 7. Marital status at time of first imprisonment for capital offense _ .. "Time of first imprisonment" refers to the inmate's original time of arrival at

Preceding ~age b'an~

prison after his first sentencing to death. Separated does not include separation for reason of imprisonment.

Item 8. Highest year of education completed at time of first imprisonment for capital offense -Time frame as in Item 7 above. Include Graduate Equivalent Degree (GED) as "12th grade."

Item 9. Legal status at time of capital offense -If the person was known to be free in all States with no charges pending at the time of the offense, mark "Not under sentence - no charges pending."

If the person was charged but not sentenced, e.g., out on bail, mark "Not under sentencecharges pending."

If person was under sentence (not merely charged) at time of offense, mark "On probation," "On parole," "Imprisoned," "On escape," or "Other" as appropriate.

Item 11. Date of original conviction for capital offense - Enter the first month and year (digits as in item 5) in which the person was found guilty of the capital offense. DO NOT enter the date of appeal rejections or prison admission.

Item 12. Date of first sentence for capital offenseEnter the month and year (digits as in item 5) after the person's original conviction in which inmate was first sentenced to death.

Item 13a. Inmate status on December 31, 19-Indicate whether or not the inmate was under sentence of death at the end of the report year.

Item 13b. If inmate was under sentence of death on December 31, indicate if the inmate was on escape or at a mental hospital. Enter the month and year of escape or transfer to mental hospital.

Item 13c. Manner of removal from sentence of death - Complete this item only if sentence of death was removed during the cale'1dar year. Mark the box which most accurately des:ribes how the inmate was initially removed from sentence of death.

Item 13d. Current status of inmate removed from sentence of death - Mark the one box which most accurately shows the inmate's legal status as of THE DATE THIS REPORT IS COMPLETED. If "Under new sentence" enter new sentence.


Form Approved' OM B No 1121-0030

FORM NPS-8 U.S. DE.PARTMENT OF COMMERCE IIIIIII 111 .. 'S.80) BURE.AU OF THE CENSUS CENSUS USE ONLY

ACTING AS CC:"'l.E.CTlNG AGENT FOR THE BUREAU OF JUSTICE STATISTICS U.S. DEPARTME.NT OF JUSTICE a. Report year b.

REPORT OF INMATES UNDER SENTENCE OF DEATH NATIONAL PRISONERS STATISTICS 19_ Card __of_Cards

,

~ RETURN) Burttau of ':'h~ Census

IMPORTANT - Plea.e rearl instruction. on reverse ATTN: l),rnographic Surveys Division before completing this form. TO Washington. ;~.C. 20233

1. State' 100. Prior felony conviction(s) (Mark (X) in appropriate box)

1 DYes

2. Inmate name 2 B ~o k } Skip to item II 3 n nown

Last IFirst :Mlddle lOb. Were any of these convictions for criminal homicide? I Ilnltial

I 1 10 Yes - Specify (e.g .• murder. attempted murder. involuntary manslaughter. vehicular

3. Sex (Mark (X) appropriate box) manslaughter) 10Male 20 Female

20No -40. Race (Mark (X) appropriate box) 30 Unknown

1 o White 11. OQte of original conviction for capital offense :!O BlaCK Month Year 30 American Indian or Alaskan Native

ITJ-OJ 4 [] Asian or Pacific Islander 5 0 Other - Speci f~

12. Dote 01 first sentence for capital. offense Month Year

b. Hisponic origin (Mark (X) appropriate box) DJ-m 1 LJ Hispanic 130. Inmate .tatu. on December 31. 19_ 20 Non-Hispanic (Mark (X) appropriate box) 3 ~ Not known 1 0 Under sentence of death - Continue with item b

5. Date of birth 2 0 Sentence of death removed - Skip to

items c and d Month Year

b. Was thi s inmate on escape or at Q mental OJ-IT] hospital on December 31? Month Year

10 Yes. on escape - Enter OJ-OJ 6. Capital alfense(s) for which imprisoned month and year of escape • .• o Murder 2 ~J Yes, at a mental hospital -

OJ-ITJ DRape Enter month and year of o Kidnap transfer to mental hospital ••

[lather - Speci fy 3U No - No furll,er informalion requirorl for ti,;, inmate

c. Reason for inmate's removal from under sentence oJ

I u~~~~UCr' I I I I I I I death (Mark (X) appropriate box) Month Year

7. Marital status at time of first imprisonment OJ-ITJ for capitol olfense 1 [] Executed ••••••••••.••.

1 0 Married - Include common law marriage 2 [J Deceased by other causes ••• CD-IT] 2 [J Divorced or separated

3 C Widowed 3 [J Capital sentence declared

CD-IT] 4 C Never married unconstitutional by State or U.S. Supreme Court ••••• 5 [~ Not known

CD-OJ 8. High.st yeur of education completed at time 4 L.::J Sentence commuted •••••.•

of first imprisonment for capital offense 50 Conviction affirmed. sentence OJ-IT] overturned by appellate court 01 [] 7th grade or less 07 L; I st year of college

6 0 Convi cti on and sentence m-CD 02 0 8th grade oa [1 2nd year overturned by appellate court 03 D9th grade 090 3rd year 70 Other - Specifyil, OJ-IT] 04 [] 10th grade 10 0 4th year 05[-::: I I th grade 11 0 More than 4 years

s [] Information not available at this office 06 [J 12th grade - of college (Include GED) 120 Not known d. Current status of inmate removed from sentence of

9. Legal status at time of capitol offonse death (Mark the one box showing the inmate's status

(Mark (X) appropriate box) as of the day you fill aut this report. i.e .• TODAy)

NOT UNDER SENTENCE 1 [] Under new sentence of 1 0 No charges pending 20 Awaiting retrial to determine guilt

Z L_-:: Charges pending 3D Awaiting resentencing only (guilt affirmed)

UNDER SENTENCE 40 Found not gUilty in retrial 3 C] On probation sO All charges on capital offense dropped 4 [] On parole

60 Other - SpecifYIi 5 [-J On esr.ape 6 [-~ Imprisoned 70 Other - Specify legal statuk' 7 [: 1 No action has been taken since removal

from sentence of death s [1 Information not available at this office

a 0 UNKNOWN 9 [J Dead


~~~-~--~~-~~--~-----~----"I

.. , O.M B No 1121-0030' Approval Expires December 31 1984

!'ORM NPS.8A Part A - IDENTIFICATION OF INMATE (12-7-8 II 1 . Name 01 inmate 12 .Ident. No. 3. Race 14.state

u.s. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE BUREAU OF' THE: CENSUS

ACTING AS COL.LECTING AGENT F'OR THE 5. Birth \6. Sex \7. Origin 8. Marit.1 status at time ollirst imprisonment lor capital oUense BUREAU OF JUSTICE STATISTICS

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE date

UPDATE REPORT OF INMATES UNDER 9. Highest year 01 education completed at time 01 1'0. CapitaloUenselsl 1 11,. Pllorlelonv 111b. Wereanvollhese convIC'ions

lirsl imprisonment lor capilal oUense conVlclions lor cllminal homlcidel

SENTENCE OF DEATH NATIONAL PRISONERS STATISTICS 12. Legalstalus al time 01 capllal oUense

\ion lor capital oUense 113. Dale 01 original convic·

capilaloUense 114 .. Dele ollirst sentence lor

INSTRUCTIONS Part B - STATUS OF INMATE UPDATE INFORMATION 1. Was this Inmate stili under sentence

T Part A - The inmate's name and information previously re- of death on this date? ~ ported Is entered In item I and items 3 through 14. ! (item 2 Is a Census assigned number.) Please 1 [l Ves - Continue with Item 2 review the Information and correct If necessary. 2 !' I No, sentence of death removed - Skip to Items 3 and 4

Part B 2. Was this Inmate on escape or at a mental hospital an the date shown In Item 17 Item 1 - Inmate status - Indicate whether or not the inmate 1 r: I Ves, on escape - Enter month and year of escape } OJ-IT was under sentence of death as of the date shown

- If Inmate was under sentence of death, Indicate If 2 Ll Ves, at a mental hospital - Enter month and year of transfer )

Item 2 to mental hospital the inmate was on escape or at a mental hospital. Enter the month and year of escape or transfer to 3 [ I No mental hospital.

NO FURTHER INFORMA TION IS REQUIRED FOR THIS INMA TE - RETURN THIS FORM Item 3a - Manner of removal from sentence of death -

3a. What was the reason this Inmate was removed from under sentence of death? Complete this Item only If sentence of death was removed during the calendar year. Mark the box

1 L. I Executed 7 L: lather - Specify which most accurately describes how the Inmate was initia lIy removed from sentence of death. 2 ['-I Deceased by othm causes

Uem 3 b - Enter the month and year the Inmate was removed from under sentence of death.

3 t' 1 Capi:al sentence declared unconstitutional by .. State or U.S. Supreme Court 8 ['~'llnformation not available at this office

Item 4 - Current status of Inmate removed from sentence of 4l I Sentence commuted death - Mark the one box which most accurately 5 [ -: Conviction affirmed, sentence overturned by shows the Inrnate's legal status as of THE DATE THIS REPORT IS COMPLETED. II "Under new appellate court

sentence," enter new sentence. 6 [ I Conviction and sentence overturned by appellate court

Remarks

Month Vear

b. In what month and year was this Inmate removed from under sentence of death? ill-IT 4. As of TODAY, what Is the status of this Inmate?

1 r: I Under new sentence of 6 [lather - Speci/y

21 ~l Awaiting retllal to deternllne guilt

31 I Awaltln8 resentencing only Iguilt affirmed) 7 [-1 No action has been taken since removal

4 r~1 Found not gUilty In retllal . from sentence of death

5 f 1 All charges on capital offense dropped B r-llnlormatlon not available at this office


FORM (10·6·83)

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

ACTING AS COLLECTING AGENT FOR THE BUREAU OF JUSTICE STATISTICS

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

STATUS OF

a.M.B. No. 1121-0030; Approval Expires December 31. 1984

NOTICE - These data are being collected in accordance with the 1973 Crime Control Act.

DEATH PENALTY STATUTES NO STATUTE IN FORCE, 1982 NATIONAL PRISONER STATISTICS

1983

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS Attn: Demographic Surveys Div. Washington, D.C. 20233

FROM THE ACTING DIRECTOR BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

(Please correct error in name and address including ZIP code)

The Bureau of the Census has been requested by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), formerly LEAA, to collect data annually on inmates under sentence of death in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the federal system. This program is authorized by title 42, United States Code, sections 3732 and 3789. These inmate data are collected from correctional and prison personnel. In addition, the Bureau also compiles information for a descriptive table on the current status of the death penalty in the 52 jurisdictions. This information is requested from the office of the chief legal officer of each jurisdiction.

The report period covers January 1, 1983, through December 31, 1983. Please complete and return the report by February 16, 1984, to expedite timely publication of the data.

Should you have any questions regarding the completion of this voluntary report, please call collect for assistance on (301) 763-2061.

Sincerely,

C. L. KINCANNON


1. National Prisoner Statistics (NPS) records : o No - Go to Question 4 show that at the end of 1982 your State had I DYes NO CAPITAL PUNISHMENT STATUTE. At I any time in 1983 was such a law I I Effective date I Citation I established? I

I I Please provide a copy of the law, if possible.

2. During 1983, was that law explicitly struck I o No - Go to Question 4 by the U.S. or State Supreme Court? I

DYes I I o Wholly struck o By U.S. Supreme Court I I o By State Supreme Court I o By U.S. Supreme Court I o Partially struck I o By State Supreme Court I I I Effective date I Citation I I I I Please provide a copy of the decision, if possible.

3 .In the opinion of the Attorney General, I o All were effectively removed from under sentence of death as of the what was the impact on persons sentenced I I decision date; that is, legally these persons could not be executed

under your State's statute? I under that sentence. I o None were effectively removed from under sentence of death as of I the decision date; that is, legally these persons could still possibly I be executed under that sentence. I o Some were effectively removed from under sentence of death as I I of the decision date while others were not; that is, legally some

I could still possibly be executed under that sentence while others

I could not. .

4. As of December 31, 1983, does your State I o No I

CONSTITUTION specifically prohibit I DYes capital penalties? I

I I I Date I Citation i I

5. As of December 31, 1983, your State - I o Had a capital punishment statute I I o Had no capital punishment statut~ - Go to item 10 I

6. For what offense(s) can the death penalty I I

be imposed in your State? I I I I I : I

7. Does your State provide for automatic I I

DYes appeal upon imposition of the death I penalty, i.e., irrespective of defendant's I o No wishes? I

I

8. What is the minimum age at which persons I Age I

can be sentenced to death in your State? I I

9. What methods of execution are authorized I

in your capital punishment statute? I I I I I I

I

10. Re~ort Name and title Telephone Date completed submitted Area code Number Extension by

I I FORM NPS·88 110·6·831

Capital PUI1l:~lzl1leflt 1983 93

FORM (10·6·83)

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF GOMMERCE BUREAU OF THE Cf NSUS

ACTING AS COLLECTING A 3ENT FOR THE BUREAU OF JUSTICE S"ATISTICS

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

STATUS OF

O.M.B. No. 1121-0030; Approval Expires December 31. 1984

NOTICE - These data are being collected in accordance with the 1973 Crime Control Act.

DEATH PENA.LTY STATUTES STATUTE IN FORCE, 1982

NATIONAL pmSONER STATISTICS

1983

BUREAU OFTHE CENSUS Attn: Demographic Surveys Div Washington, D.C. 20233

FROM THE ACTING DIRECTOR BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

(Please correct an error in name and address ZIP code}

The Bureau of the Census has been requested by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), formerly LEAA, to collect data annually on inmates under sentence of death in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the federal system. This program is authorized by title 42, United States Code, sections 3732 and 3789. These inmate data are collected from correctional and prison personnel. In addition, the Bureau also compiles infcrmation for a descriptive table on the current status of the death penalty in the 52 jurisdictions. This information is requested from the office of the chief legal officer of each jurisdiction.

The report period covers January 1, 1983, through December 31, 1983. Please complete and return the report by February 16, 1984, to expedite timely publication of the data.

Should you have any questions regarding the completion of this voluntary report, please call collect for assistance on (301) 763-2061.

Sincerely,

C.L. KINCANNON


Announcing the new Fact-Finding

Specialized directories or _ ........ -------Iations

Service

Need a specialized report-one tailormade just for you?

The National Criminal Justice Reference Service's new Fact-Finding Service is your solution. Get answers to your hard-to-find criminal justice questions in a report tailored just for you.

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Crime trend information over a period of time

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4& statistical tables and graphs with explanatory text;

• State-by-State program or legislative information presented in an easy-to-read format;

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• crime trend information over a specified period of time.

Prices:

Your cost for the Fact-Finding Service covers actual expenses only. Prices are determined by the time needed to respond to your request. A request that requires up to 5 hours could cost between $75 and $250.

Call NCJRS with your request. An information specialist will estimate the cost. We can begin work as soon as we have your approval.

Call toll free for more information:

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800-851-3420

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800-732-3277

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800-638-8736

QU.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. lqo6-491-921,40001

1. National Prisoner Statistics (NPS) records : D No - Go to Question 3 show that at the end of 1982 your State had I eYes a capital punishment statute. During 1983, I

D By U.S. Supreme Court was that law explicitly struck in whole or in I D Wholly struck part by the U.S. or the State Supreme Court? I D By State Supreme Court

I I D By U.S. Supreme Court I D Partially struck D By State Supreme Court I I I I Effective date I Citation I I

: Please provide a copy of the decision, if possible.

2. In the opinion of the Attorney General, I D All were effectively removed from under sentence of death as of the I what was the impact on persons sentenced I decision date; that is, legally these persons could not be executed under your State's statutei' I under that sentence.

I D None were effectively removed from under sentence of death as of I the decision date; that is, legally these persons could still possibly I be executed under that sentence. I D Some were effectively removed from under sentence of death as I I

of the decision date while others were not; that is, legally some could still possibly be executed under that sentence while others

: could not.

3. During 1983, was the capital punishment I o Revised or modified statutf1': I

I I Effective date I Citation (Mark (X) alJ that apply) I

I I I Please provide a copy of the revised sections, if possible. I If revised more than once, please specify I I I I I I I

D Replaced (entirely new statute) I I I I Effective date I Citation

Please provide a copy of the new statute, if possible.

D None of the above

4. As of December 31, 1983, your State -D Had a capital punishment statute

D Had no capital punishment statute - Go to item 9

5. For what offense(s) can the death penalty be imposed in your State?

6. Does your State provide for automatic I

DYes appeal upon imposition of the death I penalty, i.e., irrespective of defendant's I

D No wishes? I I

7. What is the minimum age at which persons 1 Age I

can be sentenced to death in your State? I I

8 . What methods of execution are authorized I

in your capital punishment statute? I I I I

9.Report Name and title Telephone Date completed submitted Area code Number Extension by

FOAM NPS·8C 110·6·83)


I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

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Or call 800-732-3277 for further information (251-5500 in metropolitan D.C.)

Bureau of Justice Statistics reports (revised April 1986)

_Call toll-free 800-732-3277 (local 21:> 1-5500) to order BJS reports, to be added to one of the BJS mailing lists, or to speak to a reference specialist in statistics at the Justice Statistics Clearinghouse National Criminal Justice Reference Service, Box 6000. Rockville. MD 20850. Single copies of reports are free; use NCJ number to order. Postage and handling are charged for bulk orders of single reports. For single copies of multiple titles. up to 10 titles are free; 11-40 titles $10; more than 40 $20' libraries call for special rates. • •

Public-use tapes of BJS data sets and other criminal justice data are available from the Criminal Justice Archive and Information Network. P.O. Box 1248. Ann Arbor. MI481 06 (313-763-5010).

National Crime Survey Criminal victimization in the U.S.:

1984 (final report). NCJ-100435. 5/86 1983 (final report), NCJ-96459. 10/85 1982 (final report). NCJ-92820. 11/84 1973·82 trends, NCJ-90541. 9/83 1981 (final report). NCJ-90208 1980 (final report). NCJ-84015. 4/83 1979 (final report), NCJ-76i:10. 12/81

BJS special reports: Crime prevention measures, NCJ-100438,3/86 The use of weapons in committing crimes,

NCJ-99643, 1/86 Reporting crimes to the police, NCJ-99432,

12/85 Locating city, suburban. and rural crime. NCJ-

99535, 12/85 The risk of violent crime, NCJ-97119, 5/85 The economic cost of crime to victims NCJ-

93450, 4/84 ' Family violence, NCJ-93449, 4/84

BJS bulletins: Criminal Victimization, 1984, NCJ-98904, 10/85 Households touched by crime. 1984. NCJ·

97689,6/85 The crime of rape. NCJ-96777, 3/85 Household burglary. NCJ-96021, 1/85 C!iminal victimization. 1983. NCJ-93869, 6/84 VI~lent crime by strangers. NCJ-80829. 4/82 Crime and the elderly. NCJ-79614. 1/82 Measuring crime. NCJ-75710, 2/81

Response to screening questions in the National Crime Survey (BJS technical report), NCJ· 97624.7/85

Victimization and fear of crime: World perspectives. NCJ-93872, 1/85

The National Crime Survey: Working papers. vol. I: Current and historical perspectives, NCJ-75374.8/82 vol. II: Methological studies, NCJ-90307, 12/84

Crime against the elderly in 26 cities. NCJ-76706. 1/82

The Hispanic victim. NCJ-69261, 11/81 Issues in the measurement of crime.

NCJ-74682,10/81 Criminal victimization of California residents.

1974-77, NCJ-70944, 6/81 Restitution to victims of personal and household

crimes. NCJ-72770, 5/81 Criminal victimization of New York State

residents, 1974-77. NCJ-66481, 9/80 The cost of negligence: Losses from preventable

household burglaries, NCJ·53527, 12/79 Rape victimization in 26 American cities,

NCJ-55878. 8179 Criminal victimization in urban schools,

NCJ-56396. 8179 Crime against persons in urban. suburban. and

rural areas, NCJ-53551, 7/79 An introduction to the National Crime Survey.

NCJ-43732. 4/78 Local victim surveys: A review of the issues,

NCJ-39973, 8177

Expenditure and employment Justice expenditure and employment. 1982 (BJS

bulletin), NCJ-98327, 8/85 Justice expenditure and employment in the U,S.:

1980 and 1981 extracts, NCJ·96007, 6/85 1971-79, NCJ-92596. 11/84 1979 (final report), NCJ-87242, 12/83

Corrections BJS bulletins and special reports:

Prison admission and releases, 1983, NCJ-1OO582. 3/86

Capital punishment 1984, NCJ-98399, 8/85 Prisoners In 1984, NCJ-97118. 4/85 Examining recidivism, NGc'-96501 2/85 Returning to prison, NCJ-957oo. 11/84 Time served in prison, NCJ-93924. 6/84

Capita1 punishment 1983 (final). NCJ-99561 4/86 •

Prisoners in State and Federal institutions on Dec. 31, 1982 (final). NCJ-93311. 12/84

1979 surveyof inmates of State correctional facilities and 1979 census of State correctional facilities:

BJS special reports: The prevalence of imprisonment, NCJ-93657

7/85 • Career patttJrns in crime. NC,J-88672, 6/83

BJS bulletins: Prisoners and drugs. NCJ-87575 3/83 Pr!soners and alcohol, NCJ-86223. 1/83 Prisons and prisoners, NCJ-80697 2/82 Veterans in prison. NCJ-79232, 11/81

Census of jails and survey of jail Inmates: Jail inmates. 1983 (BJS bulletin), NCJ-99175

11/85 The 1983 jail census (BJS bulletin), NCJ·95536

11/84 ' Jail inmates 1982 (BJS bulletin), NCJ-87161, 2/83 Census of jails, 1978: Data for indiVidual jails,

vols. HV. Northeast, North Central, South, West. NCJ-72279-72282,12/81

Profile of jail inmates. 1978. NCJ-65412, 2/81

Parole and probation BJS bulletins:

Probation and parole 1984, NCJ-100181, 2/86

Setting prison terms. NCJ-76218, 8/83

Parole in the U.S" 1980 and 1981 NCJ-87387 3/86 "

Characteristics of persons entering parole during 1978 and 1979. NCJ-87243 5/83

Characteristics of the parole populaiion. 1978, NCJ-66479,4/81

Parole in the U.S., 1979, NCJ·69562, 3/81

Courts BJS bulletin:

The growth of appeals: 1973-83 trends, NCJ-96381, 2/85

Case filings in State courts 1983. NCJ-95111 1W84 '

BJS special reports: Felony sentencing in 18 local

jurisdictions, NCJ-97681, 6/85 The prevalence of guilty pleas. NCJ-96018

12/84 ' Sentencing practices in 13 States. NCJ-95399,

10/84 Criminal defense systems: A national

survey, NCJ-94630, 8/84 Habeas corpus. NCJ-92948, 3/84 Case filings In State courts 1 983,

NCJ-95111, 10/84 State court caseload statistics, 1977 and

1981, NCJ-87587, 2/83

Supplement to the state court model statistical dictionary, NCJ-98326, 9/85

The prosecution of felony arrests: 1980, NCJ-97684, 10/85 1979, NCJ-86482, 5/84

State court organization 1980. NCJ-76711, 7/82 State court model statistical dictionary,

Supplement, NCJ-98326, 9/85 1 st edition, NCJ-62320, 9/80

A cross-city comparison of felony case processing, NCJ-55171, 7179

Federal offenses and offenders BJS special reports:

Pretrial release and misconduct, NCJ-96132, 1/85

BJS Dulletins: Bank robbery, NCJ-94463, 8/84 Federal drug law violators, NCJ-92692. 2/84 Federal justice statistics, NCJ-80814, 3/82

Privacy and security Computer crime: BJS special reports:

Electronic fund transfer fraUd, NCJ-96666 3/85 Electronic fund transfer and crime, •

NCJ-92650. 2/84 Electronic fund transfer fraud NCJ-1oo461

4/86 " Computer security techniques,

NCJ-84049. 9/82 Electronic fund transfer systems and crime

NCJ-83736. 9/82 ' Legislative resourca manual NCJ-78890 9/81 Expert witness manual, NC.}77927 9/8" Criminal justice resource manual NCJ-61550

12179 ,.

Privacy and security of criminal history information:

Compendium of State legislation 1984 overview, NCJ-98077. 9185 '

A guide to research and statistical use NCJ-69790, 5/81 '

A guide t~ dissemination, NCJ-4oo00, 1/79 Compendium of State legislation:

NCJ-48981, 7178 1981 supplement, NCJ-79652. 3/82

Crim.inal justice information policy: Crime control and cri~inal records (BJS special

report). NCJ-99176. 10/85 State criminal records repositories (BJS

technical report). NCJ-99017, 10/85 Data quality of criminal history records NCJ-

98079, 10/85 ' Intelligence and investigative records,

NCJ-95787,4/85 Victim/witness legislation: An overview,

NCJ-94365, 12/84 Information policy and crime control strategies

(SEARCH/BJS conference), NCJ-93926 10/84 '

Research access to criminal justice data, NCJ-84154, 2/83

Privacy and juvenile justice records, NCJ-84152.1/83

Survey of State laws (BJS bulletin), NCJ-80836, 6/82

Privacy and the private employer, NCJ-79651, 11/81

General BJS bulletins:

Police employment and exp"mditure. NCJ-100117,2/86

Tracking offenders: The child victim, NCJ-95785. 12/84

The severity of crime, NCJ-92326, 1/84 The American response to crime: An overview

of c~iminal justice systems, NCJ-91936, 12/83 Tracking offenders, NCJ-91572, 11/83 Victim and witness assistance: New State

laws and the system's response NCJ-87934, 5/83 '

Bureau of Justice Statistics annual report, fiscal 1985, NCJ-100182, 4/86

National survey of crime severity. NCJ-96017, 10/85

Sourcebook of criminal justice statistics, 1984, NCJ-96382.10/85

Criminal victimization of District of Columbia residents and Capitol Hill employees, 1982-83, NCJ-97!:l82;Summary, NCJ-98567; 9/85

The DC crime victimization study implementation, NCJ-98595, 9/85, $7.60 do .mestic/$920 Canadian/$12.80 foreign

The DC household victimization survey data base: Documentation. NCJ-98586, $6.40/$8.40/$11 User manual, NCJ-98597, $8.201$9.80/$12.80

BJS tplephone contacts '85, NCJ-98292, 8/85 How to gain access to BJS data (brochure),

BC-000022, 9/84 Proceedings of the 2nd workshop on law and

justice statistics, 1984, NCJ-93310, 8/84 Report to the nation on crime and justice:

The dala, NCJ-87088, 10/83 Dictionary of criminal justice data terminology:

2nd ed, NCJ-76939, 2/82 Technical standards for machine-readable data

supplied to BJS, NCJ-75318, 6/81

Please put me on the mailing list for: Justice expenditur(~ andempioyment reports-annual spending and staffing by Federal/State/local governments and by function (police, courts, etc.) Computer crime reports-electronic fund transfer system crimes Privacy and security of criminal history information and infol~mation policy-new legislation; maintaining and releasing intelligence and investiga.tive records; data quality issues Federal statistics-data describing Federal case processing, from investigation through prosecution, adjudication, and corrections BJS bulletins and special reports-timely reports of the most current justice data Courts reports-State court caseload surveys, model annual State reports, State court organization surveys Corrections reports-results of sample SUl'

veys and censuses of jails, prisons, parole, probation, and other corrections data

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Interest in criminal justice:

U.S. Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics Washington, DC 20531

National Crime Survey reports-the only regular national survey of crime victims Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics (annual)-broad-based data from 150+ sources (400+ tables, 100+ figures, index)

The National Institute of Justice/National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS) abstracts documents published in the criminal justice field. Persons registered with the Reference Service receive NIJ Reports every other month. It includes an order form for Bureau of Justice Statistics publications. If you are not registered with NCJRS and wish to be, please check here: _ to receive a registration form.

To receive copies of recent BJS reports, list titles and NCJ numbers here or check them on reverse side:

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Justice Statistics Clearinghouse/NCJRS U.S. Department of Justice User Services Department 2 Box 6000 Rockville, ~D 20850