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Sales of Services by GATS Modes of Supply: 2005 Statistical Approximation
Mode of Supply Estim ated share
1 - cross-border supply 25 - 30 %
2 - consum ption abroad 10 – 15 %
3 - com m ercia l presence 55 - 60 %
4 – presence of natural persons less than 5%
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Trade in services statistics
• By service sectors• By partner• By modes of supply
Compilers of Statistics BOP/FATS
Trade Negotiators
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The four modes of supply: statistical simplified criteria
Consumer or property located
Supplier Supply through:
Outside territory of residence
has no presence in consumer’s territory
Mode 2 (BOP, tourism statistics)
Mode 1 (BOP)
Mode 3 (FATS, FDI)
Mode 4 (BOP, migration, tourism statistics)
Commercial presence
has presence within consumer’s territory
Within territory of residence
Presence of natural persons
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Main Issues for Measuring Mode 4
Mode 4 in MSITS
• The Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services (MSITS) recognises that a statistical framework needs to be developed for measuring Mode 4
• Annex in MSITS as a first step
Main statistical issues
• Determining the coverage of Mode 4
• Only fragmentary indicators available
• Determining the indicators to measure Mode 4
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Mode 4 Information needs
Value of trade: Balance of Payments services trade
Contractual service suppliers as employees of service suppliersent abroad to fulfill a contract between his employer and consumer
Self-employed going abroad to fulfill service contract (independent professionals)
• Contractual service suppliers as employees• Self-employed• Intra-corporate transferees, employees of foreign affiliates• Service sellers / persons responsible for setting up commercial
presence
Number of persons (flows and stocks): Tourism and Migration statistics
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Options to assess Mode 4 delivery in surveys
1.Did the service delivery involve physical presence of service provider?
Yes? Then, how was most of the service value delivered (time/resources)?
Mostly by fax, email, etc.
Natural person at the end (e.g. to supervise)
Mode 1
The person’s knowledge was essential
to deliver the service
Mode 4
2. Require in specific surveys allocation by each GATS mode of supply
3. Require estimated share of inputs for the service trade related to mode 4
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Balance of Payments Services Main Components
5. Telecommunications, computer and information services
6. Construction
7. Insurance and pension services
8. Financial services
9. Charges for the use of intellectual property
10.Other business services
11.Personal, cultural and recreational services
Commercial services:
1. Manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others
2. Repairs and maintenance
3. Transportation
4. Travel
5. - 11. Other commercial services
12. Government goods and services (not in GATS)
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Australia, exports of services by mode of supply, 2002-03
Mode 219.4%
Mode 362.7%
Mode 111.9%
Other5.9%
Mode 1+45.6%
Mode 2+40.1%
Mode 3+40.1%
$3.2 billion
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Commercial presence, $64m, 16%
Fly in-fly out, $106m, 26%
Australian projects,
$238m, 58%
Australia's legal services export income by mode of supply, 2004-05(million USD and percentage)
Source: ILSAC Survey of Australian Exporet Market for Legal Services 2004-05
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Mode 4, migration and tourism statistics
Migrant categories
Non-migrant categories
Categories of the UN Recommendations
on Statistics of International
Migration, revision 1:
Length of stay of individuals
Purpose of trip or migration Less than 3 months
3 to 12 months
more than 12 months
Visitors Personal International
Holiday, leisure and recreation Recommendations on Visiting friends and relatives Tourism Statistics 2008 Education and training Health and medical care Shopping Etc.
Business and professional X x Contractual service supply X x - self-employed a X x - employed X x Intra-corporate transfer X x Serv. salespersons/ commercial pres. X x Other
Employment (migrant workers, employment-based settlement)
Intra corporate transfer x X Directly recruited by a foreign
established company x X
International civil servants Other
Family reunification/formation Etc. a
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New Chapter in revised 2010 Manual
• More on services delivery compared to BOP services transactions
• Chapter on modes of supply/mode 4:• Scope of chapter• Defining modes of supply• Mode 4 and relevant information for measuring• Allocation by mode of supply for measuring value• Additional indicators for analysis: number of persons
• Worldwide consultation deadline: 24 November 2008
Revis
ion 2
010
More information: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/tradeserv/msitsintro.htm
