WattDepot: A System for Power Data Storage & Analysis
Makahiki+WattDepot: An Open Source Software Stack forNext
Generation Energy Research and EducationPhilip M. Johnson, Yongwen
Xu, Robert S. Brewer, Carleton A. Moore, George E. Lee, Andrea
Connell, Collaborative Software Development Laboratory Dept of
Information and Computer SciencesUniversity of Hawai`i at MnoaICS4S
2013
(#)1Hi, my name is Yongwen Xu, today I am presenting the
research work we did in our lab at the university of hawaii.
ourworld.unu.edu90% of Hawaii energy come from imported oilMost
oil-dependent state in the US (#)There are many sustainability
challenges in the world. especially, in Hawaii, 90% of Hawaii
energy come from imported oil, which has many implications, such as
higher cost of energy, pollution due to energy generation as well
as the transportation of the oil across the pacific. 2
By year 203030% energy efficiency40% renewable
energyourworld.unu.edu (#)That is why US department of energy and
State of hawaii proposed the Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative. The
goal is to achieve 70% clean energy by 2030, with 30% energy
efficiency and 40% renewable energy.3
Chelsea Hodge, 2010 Campus Sustainability Survey160+Collegiate
Sustainability Competitions (#)There are many ways in achieving
energy efficiency. Sustainability competitions are popular efforts
among colleges and universities. The goal is to educate students
and save energy during the competitions.4Kukui Cup Energy
ChallengeUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa
(#)In Hawaii, Starting from 2009, our research lab developed a
serious game called Kukuicup challenge, with the similar goal of
education and changing behaviors.53 weeks competition
The Kukui Cup 2011
2 years software development
(#)In the Kukui Cup energy challenge game, students can earn
points by playing the game, doing real world activities such as
turning off lights to save energy.
The competition lasts 3 weeks, but it took us,
almost 2 years,
to complete the software development.6
BuildingMetersHTTPHTTP
Makahiki
Makahiki + WattDepot: IT Infrastructure for Energy Education and
Research
WattDepot (#)This is the motivation that lead us to develop a
more general purpose IT infrastructure for energy education and
research.7MakahikiName of the ancient Hawaiian festival where the
people play games and celebrate the Hawaiian New Year.
(#)You may be curious, what is the meaning of Makahiki? Makahiki
is the name of the ancient Hawaiian festival. During that time,
people play games.8Makahiki: A Serious Game Engine for
Sustainability
(#)That is why we named our serious game engine as Makahiki.
9Makahiki ArchitectureGame Library
API
Green Button Data
Wattdepot DataManual Data
Smartgrid gameWater gameRafflegameBadge QuestEnergy
gameAuthenticationFacebook IntegrationGameAnalyticsResource
ManagerMemCacheDatabaseResponsive Web
UITopscoregameParticipationReferralCASLDAP
Score Manager (#)Here is the architecture of Makahiki. As you
can see here, Makahiki provides a library of games, as well as the
API, and the infrastructure components for building a
sustainability serious game.10
Configurable Game Elements
(#)Makahiki provides quite a few configurable game elements,
which can be included and tailored by the game designer. For
example, the Smart Grid game is a central place where players will
unlock the squares in the grid to perform sustainability related
activities,
and the Badge mechanics,
the Raffle game, for any players to get a chance to win
something with their points,
and the energy game, where players compete by achieving their
daily energy reduction goal.11
Real-time Analytics for Game Evaluation
(#)Makahiki as a serious game engine, provides a set of
analytics for game admins to understand and evaluate the game
experience. It is real-time so that the game admin could monitor
this data and make necessarily adjustments during the game, if
needed.
12
Mobile support
Laptop viewMobile viewResponsive Web Design (#)Makahiki also
support mobile device, an important platform for this kind of
sustainability game. Responsive web design technology is used to
support multiple platforms without creating two separated
implementations.13
Deployable to the Cloud (#)Another feature we implement in
Makahiki is the ability to deploy to the Cloud platform, to
eliminating the need of acquiring the hardware, installing
software, scaling the system etc, thus lower the cost of the
software deployment. This is a screen shot of the Dashboard showing
the 2012 East West center Kukui cup challenge deployed in the
Heroku, one of the cloud platform provider. 14Configurable
Resource
(#)Makahiki supports different type of resource competition, for
example, many organization dont have real time meter for water.
Makahiki support manual input of resource data in a daily basis.
the user see a daily resource status in a calendar view.
If the smart meter is installed, Makahiki can be configured to
use the real time data and you will see this interface showing the
resource usage in a hourly interval.
In addition, a game designer can configure Makahiki to show a
real time power meter with 10 second intervals if this granularity
of the data is available from the smart
meter.15WattDepotEnterprise-scale, sensor-based energy data
collection and analysis
(#)The real-time energy data management leads to our development
of Wattdepot, an open source system for energy data collection and
analysis.16
DevicesMetersWattDepotSensorsWattDepotServerOther
WattDepotclients
HTTPHTTP
Makahiki
WattDepot Architecture (#)Architecture of Wattdepot supports
different kinds of smart meters with wattdepot software
sensors,
sensor sources could be aggregated into virtual source, and
provide data interpolation, so that data from any timestamp could
be queried from the server.
It also support different kind of clients.17
UHM11 UHM12 HPU12 EWC12
Experiences
4 instances, Total 2480 eligible players, Different
configurations (#)Here are our experiences using the Makahiki +
WattDepot stack in four serious game instances. They are the first
and second Kukui cup challenge at the University of Hawaii, and
first energy challenge at Hawaii Pacific University, and the first
energy and water challenge at the East West Center of Hawaii. They
all have different configurations.18ResultsPlayer energy literacy
increase
Energy usage reductionWinning UH team:64% participation, 9%
energy dropWinning HPU team: 100% participation, 20% drop
(#)Pre-game and post-game energy literacy survey to the players and
non-players in the UH instance indicates that there is a slight
increase of literacy after participating in the game.
The data show that there are some energy usage reduction for
some teams.
Consistently across 4 instances, the team with the highest rate
of participation, has the highest energy reduction, they also has
the highest score.192011 UH Survey
(#)The 2011 UH survey from the players indicated that the game
website is easy to use.202011 UH Survey
(#)and the player is generally happy with the game features
presented to them.21
Future DirectionsEvaluate the other stakeholders experiences
Build a community to expand content and game library
Scale / expand to other geographical and cultural different
locations
(#)Currently, we are actively working on evaluating the
experiences besides the players, such as game designers, game
managers, developers etc. I am going to present another talk in
tomorrows PHD workshop focusing on the evaluation of these
stakeholders experiences. You are all welcome to attend.
Secondary, we are working on building a community for the open
source stack. In fact, Professor Johnson at the University of
Hawaii is teaching a serious game development class in Computer
science department, using the Makahiki framework.
And obviously, we are interested in scaling and expanding the
technology to other locations around the world.22You can use it
too!WattDepothttp://code.google.com/p/[email protected]
http://github.com/csdl/makahiki [email protected] Source (#)Thank
you very much.
23 (#) (#)Tailored for Different
ConfigurationsUHM11UHM12HPUEWCResourceEnergyEnergy Energy Energy
& WaterDuration3 weeks9 months3 weeks2 weeksEligible
players10861067198129Learning
actions100(?)1443941PrizesYesYesYesNoUse WattdepotYesYesYesNoSmart
metersElectro-IndustriesElectro-IndustrieseGaugeNoDeploymentLocalCloudLocalCloud
(#)This table shows the different configurations between the four
instances. There is a lot of details in this table, I wont go into
details of them. This is just to give you the flavor of the
difference on many aspects.262011 Energy Literacy
ResultsSignificant (p < .10)
(#)
Kukui Cup UH as Social Network40 floors, 27 players/floor, 1000+
players (#)
What it means, in a nutshellEach arc is one roommateGreen fill
means playingEnergy Goals achievedTotal pointsachievedGrey lines
are in-game social interactions
Color indicates participationA circle of circles is a floor
(#)28 days in 28 seconds
(#)Insight: Game mechanicswinning team had highest
participation, social interaction
winning team had most energy goals
Winning individual had high social interaction outside team
(#)
