1-Lect One_engineering Practices (1)

8/9/2019 1-Lect One_engineering Practices (1)

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ENGINEERING PRACTICES-I

An Introduction to the Course:

• CREDIT HOURS : 1-1• COURSE CONSISTS OF THE FOLLOWING MAIN TOPICS:

1. THEORYa) Carpen r! an" Sa#$n%

&) Me a'( an" Me a' W r*$n%+) F r%$n%") Dr$''$n% , Gr$n"$n% Ma+ $ne(

e) We'"$n%) E'e+ r$+a' S p

/. PRACTICALa) W "# r*$n% 0Carpen r!)

&) en+ F$ $n% W r* +) We'"$n% 0Ga( , E'e+ Ar+ We'"$n%)

• ASSESMENT OF SESSION WOR2:1. 3er&a' E4a5 : 1/. A(($%n5en ( : C n"$ $ na'6. OHT : 17. END TERM : 1 0 T e r! , Pra+ $+a')


2/25

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

1. Introduction to Safety Precautions

2. Causes of Accidents

3. General Safety Precautions

4. Shop Floor safety


3/25

INT !"#CTI!N T! SAF$T% P $CA#TI!NS

1. &or'in( safely is the first essential of an operator 2. An operator should learn the safe)*ay of doin(

thin(s+ and he ,ust also 'no* -the unsafe *aytoo.

3. The safe *ay is the correct *ay and efficient *ayof doin( thin(s.

4. /Safety0 is an attitude for learnin( and practicin(the safe ha its.

. A (ood and safe operator is one *ho is -safetyconscious al*ays+ usin( safe and acceptedpractices.


4/25

CA#S$S !F ACCI"$NTS

Generally+ the causes of accidents thin(s that can lead to

accidents can e listed as follo*s5

1. Operating without authority2. In operative a!ety "evi#e$. Operating at un a!e pee"%. U ing un a!e e&uip'ent

(. )or*ing at un a!e po ition or po ture+. Operating without u ing a!ety prote#tive "evi#e,. )or*ing in noi y or -a" environ'ent. /e!e#tive wor*ing #on"ition 0 i.e. ippery0 #orro"e"0

#ra#*e"0 et#.. Un a!e ighting an" venti ation

13. Un a!e "re 4i'proper or oo e gar'ent511. Not intere te" 4"i tra#te" in wor*512. Operating6 wor*ing #are e y0 not #on#entrating1$. Operating6 wor*ing with a#* o! "i #ip ine1%. Operating with a#* o! *i or *now e"ge.


5/25

G$N$ A6 SAF$T% P $CA#TI!NS*hich you ,ust ta'e in order to a7oid accidents8..

1. 7e!ore operating a 'a#hine0 a prote#tive guar" hou " -e in theirproper p a#e .

2. 8a#hine hou " -e operate" -y authori9e" operator on y.$. A 'a#hine hou " not -e toppe" han" or -o"y.%. 7e!ore taring a 'a#hine0 operator hou " #he#* that the wor* an"

too are # a'pe" e#ure y.(. Shop ! oor hou " -e !ree !ro' oi 0 # ear o! 'eta #hip or #ur orwa te pie#e .

+. Operator hou " eave the 'a#hine on y when it #o'e to a !utop.

,. 8a#hine an" wit#he hou " -e operate" -y the a'e operator.

. Operator hou " not ean towar" the 'a#hine on#e it i running.

. Operator hou " #on#entrate on the wor* an" not ta * un:ne#e ari y whi e operating the 'a#hine.

13. Operator hou " have u!!i#ient ight an" venti ation !or per!or'inga parti#u ar operation.

#ont. ;;.


6/25

G$N$ A6 SAF$T% P $CA#TI!NS*hich you ,ust ta'e in order to a7oid accidents8..

11. No one hou " "i tur- the operator whi e he i operating a 'a#hine.12. Too are not to -e u e" !or any purpo e other than tho e they are

"e igne" !or0 i.e. panner re not ha''er an" !i e tang are not"ri!t .

1$. Fi e are not to -e u e" without !i e han" e .1%. Too hou " -e in goo" tate 4o! repair6 #on"ition5.1(. Sharp en" o! #ri-er 'u t a way point "ownwar" .1+. Chipping 'u t a way point towar" #reen 4away !ro' other

wor*er 5.1,.


7/25

S9!P F6!! SAF$T%

1. The shop floor should e free fro, oil+ li:uid of any'ind or (rease to a7oid slippin( ha;ard.

2. Shop floor should e clean and clear at all ti,es toa7oid accidents.

3. The tools and *or' should e 'ept in position afterco,pletion of each *or'+ to a7oid toe or foot in


8/25

CARPENTARY

AN/

SA)IN<


9/25

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN )OO/ )OR>IN<

1. Safety is to e o ser7ed and safety precautions are to e ta'en

*hile handlin( and usin( all sorts of tools or *or'in( on ,achinesin the *or'shop.

2. Althou(h *or'in( *ith carpentry tools is co,parati7ely less ris'ythan *or'in( *ith ,etal cuttin( tools+ ut still *e need to o ser7eall possi le precautions to a7oid in


10/25

CARPENTRY )OR>

A proper carpentry *or' can e su di7ided into

follo*in( FI=$ parts5

1. "ra*in( and Plannin(

2. >easurin( and 6ayin()out

3. Cuttin( or Separatin( &ood

4. Plannin(+ S:uarin( and S,oothin( or shapin(

. Fi?in(


11/25

/RA)IN< AN/ P?ANNIN<

1. @efore ,a'in( a part+ you should prepare a P !"#CT P6AN.

2. A product plan has all the infor,ation needed to ,a'e a product5a A *or'in( dra*in( of the part

A ill of ,aterialsc 6ist of steps to ,a'e the part+ in proper se:uence.

)@AT IS A )OR>IN< /RA)IN<1. A *or'in( dra*in( (i7es all infor,ation needed to ,a'e the part.2. It ,ust sho* the follo*in( 'inds of infor,ation5)

a Shape of the part of the product

The si;e of the productc 6ocation and si;es of holes+ if anyd ind of ,ateriale ind of finish


12/25

8EASURIN< AN/ ?AYIN


13/25

8EASURIN< AN/ ?AYIN


14/25

8EASURIN< AN/ ?AYIN


15/25

CUTTIN< OR SEPARATIN< )OO/The 'o t #o''on woo" #utting too

i a @AN/ SA).The 'o t #o''on SA)S areB1. CROSS CUT SA)B

a5 U e" !or #utting a#ro the grain o! thewoo".

-5 It #ut on the pu h tro*e#5 7 a"e ength are !ro' 23 to 2+ ength"5 @a H 12 teeth6 in#h 4tpi5e5 @a pointe" teeth.

2. RIP SA)B

a5 U e" !or #utting a -oar" a ong the grain.-5 Cut on the pu h tro*e#5 ?ength o! the rip: aw - a"e i 2+"5 @a ( H + teeth 6in#he5 @a C@ISE? hape teeth.

http://images.google.com.pk/imgres?imgurl=http://chestofbooks.com/crafts/machinery/Shop-Practice-V1/images/Hand-Saws-Rip-Saw-And-Crosscut-Saw-100110.png&imgrefurl=http://chestofbooks.com/crafts/machinery/Shop-Practice-V1/Hand-Saws-Rip-Saw-And-Crosscut-Saw.html&usg=__Ul_DwRkhcxLHFQj7Amxwpcxq7gM=&h=552&w=443&sz=7&hl=en&start=138&um=1&tbnid=ECgrfc5gXjKqBM:&tbnh=133&tbnw=107&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dcross%2Bcut%2Bsaw%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D120%26um%3D1


16/25

/EFINITIONS

1. PITC@B Nu'-er o! teeth per in#h

2. >ERFB A aw #ut a *er! whi#hi wi"er than the - a"ethi#*ne .

$. SETB A ternate teeth o! ahan" aw are -ent in the

oppo ite "ire#tion .

The -en"ing o! the teeth are#a e" et .


17/25

CUTTIN< OR SEPARATIN< )OO/$. TENNON SA) OR 7AC> SA)B

a5 It i a very !ine toothe" #ro #ut aw.-5 It ha 1% t.p.i.#5 7 a"e i very thin an" -a#* i re:

en!or#e" -y a -an" o! tee ."5 It 'a*e a very 'ooth #ut.e5 U e" when an eJa#t #ut i nee"e".!5 Nor'a y u e" !or #utting =oint an"

&uaring to#*.

%. CO8PASS SA) D COPIN< SA)a5 ?arge #urve are #ut with #o'pa aw-5 U e" to #ut #urve an" #ir# e#5 /i!!erent type o! - a"e are u e"

"epen"ing on the type o! woo" -eing#ut. 4Coping aw5

"5 )hen u ing a vi e !or ho "ing the =o-0point teeth o! the aw away !ro' thehan" e0 an" when u ing -en#h0 teethhou " point towar" the han" e.

4Coping aw5

Co,pass sa*

Copin( Sa*


18/25

P?ANIN


19/25

P?ANNIN


20/25

PARTS OF A P?ANE

P6AN$ I !N

9$$6

N!@

T!$P6AN$ I !N

@lade

http://images.google.com.pk/imgres?imgurl=http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/31T0wEOLQ2L._SL500_AA280_.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.amazon.com/Footprint-280410-Replacement-Smooth-Models/dp/B000VJF6TU&usg=__JRQ1x8GN0fxte1KG8qJTlu57uRI=&h=280&w=280&sz=5&hl=en&start=18&itbs=1&tbnid=HD6TS9jMuP3uRM:&tbnh=114&tbnw=114&prev=/images%3Fq%3Djack%2Bplane%2BBLADE%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG


21/25

S@APIN< TOO?S

1. C@ISE?SBa5 The #hi e i an e"ge #utting too . The

#utting a#tion o! a #hi e i the a'ea a Lp ane iron.

-5 The i9e o! the #hi e i it wi"th4?ength are tan"ar"5#5 Chi e are u e" to #ut =oint an" to

re'ove eJtra 'ateria !ro' to#*."5 Si9e range !ro' 16 in to 2 in.e5 7 a"e o! #hi e i groun" to $3 o ang e.

To "o !ine wor*0 the e"ge hou " -eharp.


22/25

S@APIN< TOO?S

TYPES OF C@ISE?SB1. FIR8ER C@ISE?B

a5 U e" !or ight 'orti ing0 #hoppingout0 parting an" other genera type o!wor*.

-5 Si9e #o'e in wi"th o! $ H (3 ''.

2. 8ORTISE C@ISE?Ba5 Stouter than !ir'er #hi e .

-5 Can with tan" heavy 'a et - ow#5 U e" !or 'a*ing arge an" "eep

'orti e"5 Si9e B wi"th !ro' 2 H 2(''


23/25

S@APPIN< TOO?S

TYPES OF C@ISE?SB%. 7EGE? E/


24/25

S@APPIN< TOO?S


25/25

FIMIN< TOO?S

These are ha,,ers+ ,allets+scre*)dri7ers+ nails punches+ etc.1. @A88ERS are of t*o types5

a5 7A??:PEEN @A88ER 5U ua yu e" in the hop.

-5 C?A) @A88ERB For out i"e!iJing.

2. 8A??ETSB @ea" are genera y'a"e o! -ee#h woo".

$. SCRE) /RIGERSBa5 Or"inary S#rew /river -5 Rat#het S#rew /river #5 Spira or Pu'p S#rew /river

@A66)P$$NC6A& 9A>>$

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1-Lect One_engineering Practices (1)