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LC Training for RDA:Resource Description & Access
Module 3: Identifying Expressions and Describing Content
Cooperative and Instructional Programs Division,Library of Congress
2012
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Acknowledgements
This course has been adapted from training delivered by Barbara Tillett and Judith Kuhagen, Library of Congress Policy and Standards Division, to the Georgia Public Library Cataloging Summit, August 2011.
It incorporates the “Refresher Training” conducted for LC’s RDA Testers in October 2011.
COIN gratefully acknowledges PSD’s permission to adapt the material for the present purpose
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About This Material
This training material has been created for a primary audience of Library of Congress staff. Other audiences are welcome to utilize it as they see fit.
However, it should be understood that they reflect policies for LC staff, and should not necessarily be interpreted to either prohibit or require specific practices for persons external to LC.
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Learning Objectives for Module 3 -- Identifying Expressions and Describing Content
o Elements for Expressionso Content of Works and Expressionso Creators, Contributors, and
Relationship Designatorso Related Works, Expressions, and
Manifestation
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Unit 1: Elements for Expressions
“Expression” – the FRBR Entity Identifying the Expression LC Decisions Contributors Constructing the Authorized Access
Point Representing an Expression Additions to Authorized Access Points
for Expressions Variant Access Points for Expressions MARC Authority Fields for Expressions
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Expression – the FRBR Entity
‘the way in which a work (the idea in the creator’s mind) is expressed’
through … Language (i.e., alpha-numeric) Sound Movement Performance etc.
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Identifying the Expression
Authorized access points are used in bibliographic records to identify the expression being cataloged; also in 6XX and 7XX to represent relationships to other expressions
Forms according to RDA chapter 6 Two steps (similar to identifying the
Work)• Name the work• Add expression-level identifying information
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Always identify the expression by recording in the bibliographic record sometimes (per DCM Z1) also by making
a title or name/title authority record Authorized access points are used in
other authority records as 5XX fields (relationships to other expressions) for treaties and in cases of cataloger judgment
LC Decisions on …Bibliographic or Authority?
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LCPS 0.6.3 Identify these expressions by adding
an attribute to the authorized access point Music resources (6.28.3) Sacred scriptures (6.30.3) Translations and language editions
(6.27.3)
LC Decisions on …How to Identify Expressions
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For other categories, LC will include the expression attributes in other fields in the bibliographic record Content type
336 field Language
008/35-37 041 field 546 field
LC Decisions on …How to Identify Expressions
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Do not add another characteristic to differentiate one expression from anothere.g., do not differentiate one
translation of Hamlet in French from another French translation
e.g., do not differentiate one arrangement of Berlioz’ Corsaire from another arrangement
LC Decisions on …How to Identify Expressions
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Already an AACR2 NAR … If only one expression represented by NAR
Use the form in the NAR If more than one expression represented by NAR
Do not use that form in your bibliographic 7XX field
Instead, give separate access points for each expression in the bibliographic record 7XX fields
Already an RDA NAR … Use it in your bibliographic record, even if it
includes an additional expression attribute LC wouldn’t include
LC Decisions on …Using Existing NARs
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“ … contributing to the realization of a work through an expression”
Chapter 20 Editors, translators, illustrators,
arrangers of music, performers, writers of commentary, and others
CORE ELEMENT for LC only for illustrators of resources intended for children
RDA Appendix I.3.1 for relationship designators
Contributors
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6.27 The basis is the authorized access
point for the work Additions as outlined in 6.27.3
Constructing the Authorized Access Point Representing an Expression
Goncourt, Edmond de, 1822–1896. Frères Zemganno. English.
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Additions to Authorized Access Points for Expressions
content type * (6.9) date of the expression * (6.10) language of the expression * (6.11)
another distinguishing characteristic of the expression * (6.12)
* if needed to differentiate
“and/or”
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Additions to Access Points for Expressions -- Content Type
RDA 6.9 CORE ELEMENT when needed to differentiate “fundamental form of communication in which
the content is expressed and the human sense through which it is intended to be perceived ...”
Take from any source Controlled vocabulary in RDA 6.9.1.3 Access point: in subfield $h
130 $a ____________ $h Spoken word[For the audiobook of a printed text]
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Content Type Recorded in 336 Field
New records One content type present in ILS templates
Existing records One content type added by macro
May add another field if appropriate Use $3 if multiple components and
term does not apply to all
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Score:
336 $a notated music $2 rdacontent337 $a unmediated $2 rdamedia338 $a volume $2 rdacarrier
Book or printed text serial:
336 $a text $2 rdacontent337 $a unmediated $2 rdamedia338 $a volume $2 rdacarrier
Examples of 336 Field(also showing 337-338)
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CD of text:
336 $a text $2 rdacontent337 $a computer $2 rdamedia338 $a computer disc $2 rdacarrier
Map:
336 $a cartographic image $2 rdacontent337 $a unmediated $2 rdamedia338 $a sheet $2 rdacarrier
Examples of 336 Field(also showing 337-338)
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Instead of 300 $e, can repeat 300 field300 $a 244 pages ...300 $a 1 CD ...
Instead of $e, can give a note500 $a Accompanied by a CD.
Book with accompanying CD of lecture: $3 and $e
300 $a 244 pages ... + $e 1 CD336 $3 book $a text $2 rdacontent336 $3 CD $a spoken word $2 rdacontent337 $3 book $a unmediated $2 rdamedia337 $3 CD $a audio $2 rdamedia338 $3 book $a volume $2 rdacarrier338 $3 CD $ audio disc $2 rdacarrier
Examples of 336 Field(also showing 337-338)
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Additions to Access Points for Expressions -- Date of Expression
RDA 6.10 Not a CORE ELEMENT for LC
Only for music, sacred scripture, translations LC catalogers are no longer required to
add $f for “Works” and “Works. Selections” Take from any source “earliest date associated with an expression”
May use date of manifestation If you find a NAR with this additional element, you
may use it; do not create such NARs; do not perform authority maintenance
100 1# $a Bernstein, Leonard, $d 1918-1990.240 10 $a Works
Change!
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Additions to Access Points for Expressions -- Language of Expression
RDA 6.11 CORE ELEMENT when needed to differentiate “language in which a work is expressed” Take from any source Use term(s) from the MARC 21 list of
languages Access point: in subfield $l (not repeatable) Distinguish between:
one expression in more than one language two or more expressions
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If One Expression …
One languagegive $l only if a translation
More than one languagedo not give $l unless a translation
100 1# $a Brunhoff, Jean de, $d 1899-1937. 240 10 $a Babar en famille. $l English 245 10 $a Babar and his children.
Tolstoy, Leo, graf, 1828-1910. Voina i mir.
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If Two or More Expressions …Original and One Translation
If the manifestation is a compilation of the original and one translation of the same work record an analytical authorized access point
for the original expression (without $l for the language)
record a separate analytical authorized access point for the translation (with $l for the language)
Examples of AACR2 and RDA on next 2 slides
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Examples: Two Expressions --Original and One Translation
Original + Spanish translation in the same resourceAACR2
041 1# $a eng $a spa $h eng 100 1# $a Macken, JoAnn Early, $d 1953-240 10 $a Mail carrier. $l Spanish &
English245 10 $a Mail carrier = $b El cartero /
$c JoAnn Early Macken.246 31 $a Cartero546 ## $a English and Spanish.
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Examples: Two Expressions --Original and One Translation
Original + Spanish translation in the same resourceRDA
041 1# $a eng $a spa $h eng100 1# $a Macken, JoAnn Early, $d 1953-245 10 $a Mail carrier = $b El cartero /
$c JoAnn Early Macken.246 31 $a Cartero546 ## $a English and Spanish.700 12 $a Macken, JoAnn Early, $d 1953-
$t Mail carrier.700 12 $a Macken, JoAnn Early, $d 1953-
$t Mail carrier. $l Spanish.
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If Two or More Expressions …Original and More than One Translation
If the compilation contains the original expression and more than one translation record an authorized access point for the
original expression (without $l for the language)
record an authorized access point for at least one translation (with $l for the language)
Giving additional analytical access points is cataloger judgment
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Other Language Situations
Two or more expressions in different languages, and the original expression is not present
• Record at least one expression in an analytical a.a.p., with $l for the language
Two or more expressions in different languages, and you cannot determine the original For the purpose of choosing the preferred title, choose
the title proper named first on the preferred source of information as the preferred title of the work (i.e., treat the first as if it is the original edition)
For the purpose of providing analytical a.a.p.’s, treat the manifestation as if you have a compilation of the original and one or more translations (see slide 24):
o Provide an analytical a.a.p. for the expression designated as the original, without subfield $l for the language
o Provide an analytical a.a.p. point for at least one more expression, with subfield $l for the language
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No Longer Use …
“Polyglot” Single subfield with multiple
languages e.g., “French & English”
Provide specific information about all the languages of each expression.
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Additions to Access Points for Expressions -- Other Distinguishing Characteristic
RDA 6.12 CORE ELEMENT when needed to differentiate “a characteristic other than content type,
language of expression, or date of expression that serves to differentiate an expression”
Take from any source Access point: at end of last subfield unless a
separate subfield is available subfield $o for musical expressions (e.g.,
“arranged”) subfield $s for versions of the Bible, etc.
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Examples – Other Distinguishing Characteristic
130 #0 $a Nutcracker (Choreographic work : Baryshnikov)
130 #0 $a Bible. $l English. $s Authorized. $f 2004
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Variant Access Points for Expressions -- RDA 6.27.4.5
LC policy: cataloger judgment -- consider if important for user to find or identifyCatalogers are users, too
May bebased on a variant title of the work
associated with a particular expression
a form with a variant of the addition in the authorized access point
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Examples -- Variant AccessPoints for Expressions
100 $a Lindgren, Astrid, $d 1907-2002. $t Pippi Långstrump. $l English400 $a Lindgren, Astrid, $d 1907-2002. $t Pippi Longstocking
100 $a Hartmann, $c von Aue, $d active 12th century. $t Works. $l English400 $a Hartmann, $c von Aue, $d active 12th
century. $t Arthurian romances, tales, and lyric poetry
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MARC Authority Fields for Expressions
Apply cataloger judgment when deciding whether to include these fields in any name authority records made for expressions. 046: Special coded dates 336: Content type
Covered in further detail in the “Authorities” courses
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For More Guidance --Constructing Access Points
LCPS 6.27 -- “Constructing Access Points to Represent Works and Expressions” Use established forms in existing NARs If need to create, create RDA NAR Do not create ‘hybrid’ NARs Do not add 7XX fields for RDA forms to
AACR2 records or AACR2 forms for RDA records
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For More Guidance --“What LC-PCC Catalogers Need to Know”
http://www.loc.gov/aba/rda/pdf/lcnaf_rdaphase.pdf Interim document “what a cataloger should do”
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For More Guidance --Additional Resources
Additional Resources “Refresher documents” R5 and R6 Examples folder for authority records on
LC RDA site LC NetDev MARC page
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Unit 2: Exercise on Expressions
Document R-6 Example 14
Exercise #6 Identifying Expressions
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Unit 3: Exercise on Creatorsand Contributors
Exercise #7 Creators and Contributors
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Unit 4: Describing Content
General Guidelines Content Attributes Recorded in the
MARC 300 Field Content Attributes of Works Content Attributes of Expressions
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Content Attributes Recordedin the MARC 300 Field
Because these elements are related to content, they are covered in RDA Chapter 7, not Chapter 3 Duration (7.22) Illustrative Content (7.15) Colour Content (7.17)
300 field is a mix of carrier and content
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Content – 300Duration
LC CORE ELEMENT RDA 7.22 “Playing time, running time, etc., of the
content of a resource” MARC 300 $a Use abbreviations per RDA Appendix B
300 $a 1 audio disc (45 min.)300 $a 1 DVD (2 hr., 15 min.)
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Content – 300Illustrative Content
LC CORE ELEMENT for resources intended for children
RDA 7.15 Open list of vocabulary terms Recorded in MARC 008/18 as
applicable and field 300 $b
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Content – 300A Key Change From AACR2
No abbreviations “color” (not “col.”) “sound” (not “sd.”) “silent” (not “si.”) “illustrations” (not “ill.”)
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Content – 300Colour* Content
Not LC CORE RDA 7.17 LCPS 7.17.1.3
Use spelling “color” MARC field 300 $b
color (illustrations are in color) some color (10 maps, some of which are in color)
chiefly color (illustrations, most of which are in color)
* the name of the attribute uses this spelling
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General Guidelines onDescribing Content
RDA Chapter 7 Sources
Take information used to describe content from the resource itself
In certain cases the information may be taken from sources outside the resource
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Content – Attributes of Works
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Attributes of Works –Nature of the Content
RDA 7.2 Character of primary content Record if considered important Recorded in MARC 008/24 as
applicable, and field 500
Singspiel in two actsSpreadsheet, with word processing
and graphic capabilities
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Attributes of Works –Coverage of the Content
RDA 7.3 Chronological or geographic coverage Record if considered important Recorded in MARC field 500
Based on 1981 statistics Shows all of western Europe and some
of eastern Europe
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Attributes of Works –Coordinates of Cartographic Content
RDA 7.4 Longitude and latitude are CORE for
LC Not covered in this class
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Attributes of Works –Intended Audience
RDA 7.7 CORE ELEMENT for LC for
resources intended for children Class of user
For children aged 7-9For remedial reading programs
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Attributes of Works –Dissertation or Thesis Information
RDA 7.9 CORE ELEMENT for LC Formal requirements for a degree
Degree; institution; year
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Attributes of Works –Dissertation or Thesis Information
LCPS 7.9.1.3
* LC catalogers rarely catalog original theses or dissertations; you will usually construct a 500 field rather than a 502 field
502 ## $b Ph.D. $c University of Toronto $d 1974 500 ## $a Revision of the author’s thesis
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Content – Attributes of Expressions
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Attributes of Expressions –Summarization of the Content
RDA 7.10 CORE ELEMENT for LC for fiction
intended for children Abstract, summary, synopsis, etc. Record if considered important LCPS 7.10.1.3 on the use of MARC
fields 520 and 856
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Attributes of Expressions –Language of the Content
RDA 7.12 CORE ELEMENT for LC Record if considered important MARC fields 041 and 546 LCPS 7.12.1.3
In addition to primary content, also supply languages of other content (summaries, tables of contents, etc.) if it will assist in identification and selection
Use the form of name found in the MARC Code List for Languages
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Attributes of Expressions –Form of Notation
RDA 7.13.2 CORE ELEMENT for LC for some scripts and
for form of musical notation Set of characters and/or symbols used to
express the written language content LCPS 7.13.2.3
1. Devanagari
2. ArmenianCyrillic(for a resource written in both scripts)
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Attributes of Expressions –Supplementary Content
RDA 7.16 CORE ELEMENT for LC for indexes and
bibliographies in monographs Record if considered important MARC fields 504 and 500
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Attributes of Expressions –Bibliographies and Indexes
LCPS 7.16.1.3 Routinely for: bibliographical references,
discographies, filmographies, indexes, appendices
If bibliographical citations in any form, generally use 504 ## $a Includes bibliographical references.
If a single bibliography, add the foliation/pagination 504 ## $a Includes bibliographical references
(pages 310-325). If an index to its own contents
500 ## $a Includes index. Bibliography and index notes may be combined
504 ## $a Includes bibliographical references and index.
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Attributes of Expressions –Music Resources
3 LC CORE ELEMENTS Form of musical notation (7.13.3) Format of notated music (7.20) Medium of performance of musical
content (7.21)
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Attributes of Expressions –Cartographic Resources
4 LC CORE ELEMENTS Horizontal scale (7.25.3) Vertical scale (7.25.4) Additional scale information (7.25.5) Projection of cartographic content (7.26)
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Unit 5: Exercise on Content
Exercise #8 Describing Content
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Appendix 1: Creators, Contributors, and Relationship Designators
RDA Appendix I – most frequently used I.2. Relationship Designators for Persons,
Families, and Corporate Bodies Associated with a Work I.2.1. Relationship Designators for Creators I.2.2. Relationship Designators for Other Persons,
Families, or Corporate Bodies Associated with a Work I.3. Relationship Designators for Persons,
Families, and Corporate Bodies Associated with an Expression I.3.1. Relationship Designators for Contributors
Optional – but use correctly
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Appendix 2: New Work? New Expression? New Manifestation?
Whether a revised edition requires a “Uniform Title”
FRBR concepts of “Work” and “Expression” Continuum from original work new expression
new work “Relationships” module addresses different
methods of relating revised editions See “RDA Special Topics” presentation
http://www.loc.gov/aba/rda/Refresher_training_dec_2011.html
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Purpose of a Uniform Title
‘to relate all expressions of a work’
UT used to connect if the title proper has changed from one expression to another, or from one manifestation to another
MARC fields 1XX/240 130
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What Constitutes a New Work?
A different creator Not an additional creator
A very different scope of content even if title proper/preferred title is the same
No UT needed Because the works are not the same
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New Title, Content Not Revised –New Manifestation
UT (240) for preferred title -- same as AACR2
Original:100 $a Smith, Lacey Baldwin, $d 1922-245 $a A Tudor tragedy : $b the life and times of
Catherine Howard.260 $a [New York] : $b Pantheon Books, $c [1961]
Later title (no indication of revision):100 $a Smith, Lacey Baldwin, $d 1922-240 $a Tudor tragedy245 $a Catherine Howard / $c Lacey Baldwin Smith.260 $a Stroud Gloucestershire : $b Amberley, $c [2010],
©2010.500 $a Originally published under title: A Tudor tragedy
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Same Title, Content Revised –New Expression
no UT -- same as AACR2
Original:100 $a Harwood, Gregory W.245 $a Giuseppe Verdi : $b a guide to research / $c
Gregory Harwood.260 $a New York : $b Garland Pub., $c 1998.
Revision:100 $a Harwood, Gregory W.245 $a Giuseppe Verdi : $b a research and information
guide / $c Gregory W. Harwood.250 $a Second edition.260 $a New York, NY ; $a Abingdon, Oxon : $b Routledge,
$c 2012.
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New Title, Content Revised –New Expression
UT (240) field – change from AACR2
Original:100 $a Monson, Craig.245 $a Disembodied voices : $b music and culture in an
early modern Italian convent / $c Craig A. Monson.260 $a Berkeley : $b University of California Press, $c
1995.Revision:
100 $a Monson, Craig. 240 $a Disembodied voices245 $a Divas in the convent : $b nuns, music, and
defiance in seventeenth-century Italy / $c Craig A. Monson.
260 $a Chicago : $b University of Chicago Press, $c 2012.500 $a Revision of the author’s Disembodied voices.
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New Title, Content Revised –New Expression
UT (130) field – change from AACR2
Original:245 $a Contemporary art and multicultural education / $c
edited by Susan Cahan and Zoya Kucor.260 $a New York : $b New Museum of Contemporary Art : $b
Routledge, $c 1996.
Revision:130 $a Contemporary art and multicultural education245 $a Rethinking Contemporary Art and Multicultural
Education / $c The New Museum of Contemporary Art.250 $a Fully revised second edition.260 $a New York, NY : $b Routledge, $c 2011.
