1 Land use and Ecosystem Accounting – practical application Agnieszka Romanowicz

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Land use and Ecosystem Accounting – Land use and Ecosystem Accounting – practical applicationpractical application

Agnieszka RomanowiczAgnieszka Romanowicz

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The Implementation of Integrated The Implementation of Integrated Land and Ecosystem Accounts in EuropeLand and Ecosystem Accounts in Europe

CORINE Land Cover 1990 and 2000CORINE Land Cover 1990 and 2000

Enables us to map stock and change…Enables us to map stock and change…

… and to construct stock and flow accounts

… and to construct stock and flow accounts

…and to report them using a range of different geographical frameworks

…and to report them using a range of different geographical frameworks

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Land cover accounts. Land cover accounts. Background and Background and OverviewOverview

• There is a growing demand for spatially explicit indicators for to support policies for

• nature, • regional development,• agriculture, • transport, • coastal management …

http://reports.eea.europa.eu/eea_report_2006_11/en

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The approach used to generate The approach used to generate the LEAC record for stockthe LEAC record for stock

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Land cover change accounts: Land cover change accounts: from maps to statisticsfrom maps to statistics

CORRESPONDANCE BETWEEN LAND COVER CHANGES (CLC LEVEL 3) AND THE LAND COVER FLOWS

132 133 141 142 211 212 213 221 222 223

Dump sites Construction

sites Green urban

areas

Sport and leisure

facilities

Non-irrigated arable land

Permanently irrigated land

Rice fields Vineyards Fruit trees and berry

plantations Olive groves

243 Land principally occupied by agriculture w ith significant areas of natural vegetation

Extension of dumpsites

ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas

Extension of sport and leisure facilities

Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture






244 Agro-forestry areasExtension of dumpsites



Intensif ication of agriculture



Planting of vineyards, fruit and olive trees over arable & pasture



311 Broad-leaved forestExtension of dumpsites



Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture






312 Coniferous forestExtension of dumpsites









313 Mixed forestExtension of dumpsites









321 Natural grasslandExtension of dumpsites









322 Moors and heathlandExtension of dumpsites









LCF1 Urban land management

LCF2 Urban residential sprawl

LCF3 Sprawl of economic sites and infrastructures

LCF4 Agriculture internal conversions

LCF5 Conversion from other land cover to agriculture

LCF6 Withdrawal of farming

LCF7 Forests creation and management

LCF8 Water bodies creation and management

LCF9 Changes due to natural & multiple causes

Land cover 1990 & 2000 and land cover change are first converted to a grid

(below, 3x3 km)

Individual changes are grouped by land cover flows that describe

processes

Main annual conversions between agriculture and forests/ dry semi-natural land in ha/year

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Withdrawal of farming withoutsignificant woodland creation

Withdrawal of farming with woodlandcreation

Conversion from wetlands toagriculture

Conversion from dry semi-natural &natural land to agriculture

Conversion from forest to agriculture

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Flow accountsFlow accounts

A flow account describing processes of land cover change in Europe, 24 countries, 1990-2000

A flow account describing processes of land cover change in Europe, 24 countries, 1990-2000

Corine land cover types 1 2A 2B 3A 3B 3C 4 5

Land cover flows

Art

ific

ial a

reas

Ara

ble

lan

d &

p

erm

an

ent

cro

ps

Pas

ture

s &

m

osa

ics

Fo

res

ted

lan

d

Sem

i-n

atu

ral

veg

eta

tio

n

Op

en

sp

ace

s/ b

are

soil

s

Wet

lan

ds

Wat

er

bo

die

s

LCF1 Urban land management 737 15 19 0 8 0 0 780LCF2 Urban residential sprawl 1924 1867 200 145 8 3 2 4149LCF3 Sprawl of economic sites and infrastructures 77 2728 1595 665 451 35 22 53 5627LCF4 Agriculture internal conversions 17252 10062 27314LCF5 Conversion from other land cover to agriculture 273 935 1796 1734 155 96 50 5039LCF6 Withdrawal of farming 2393 2860 5253LCF7 Forests creation and management 254 35803 5166 1048 1063 3 43337LCF8 Water bodies creation and management 191 252 253 117 190 17 21 1042LCF9 Changes due to natural & multiple causes 311 44 15 1317 1323 1041 229 252 4534Total Consumption of 1990 land cover, km² 1843 24608 17607 39899 9018 2304 1413 381 97074

No Change 160016 1149717 802502 990736 255914 50289 45502 45473 3500149Total land cover 1990, km² 161860 1174325 820109 1030635 264932 52593 46915 45854 3597223LCF1 Urban land management 780 780LCF2 Urban residential sprawl 4149 4149LCF3 Sprawl of economic sites and infrastructures 5627 5627LCF4 Agriculture internal conversions 15695 11619 27314LCF5 Conversion from other land cover to agriculture 2450 2590 5039LCF6 Withdrawal of farming 1124 2792 1244 23 70 0 5253LCF7 Forests creation and management 42547 766 24 43337LCF8 Water bodies creation and management 21 1021 1042LCF9 Land Cover due to natural & multiple causes 4 2167 1790 313 260 4534Total Formation of 2000 land cover, km² 10556 18144 15333 45343 4177 1858 383 1280 97074

No Change 160016 1149717 802502 990736 255914 50289 45502 45473 3500149Total land cover 2000, km² 170572 1167861 817835 1036079 260090 52147 45885 46754 3597223

To

tal,

km

²

Hierarchical classification of land cover, 44 classes at most detailed level

Hierarchical classification of land cover, 44 classes at most detailed level

Hierarchical classification of flows ~the processes of land cover change…

Hierarchical classification of flows ~the processes of land cover change…

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Summary indicatorsSummary indicators

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Artificial land uptakeArtificial land uptake

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Comparison of artificial land uptake by countriesComparison of artificial land uptake by countries

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Mapping flows: urban sprawl, by gridMapping flows: urban sprawl, by grid

Patterns of urban sprawl across Europe, 24 countries, 1990-2000, 1km x 1km grid

Patterns of urban sprawl across Europe, 24 countries, 1990-2000, 1km x 1km grid

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Urban sprawl in close proximity of airportsUrban sprawl in close proximity of airports

• 21 airports; 4 buffer zones (5,10,15,20 km)• LCF analysed:

• LCF1 Urban land management: Internal transformation of urban areas.

• LCF2 Urban residential sprawl: Land uptake by residential buildings altogether with associated services and urban infrastructure from non urban land

• LCF3 Sprawl of economic sites and infrastructures: Land uptake by new economic sites and infrastructures (including sport and leisure facilities) from non urban land

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Country Airport 5 km buffer

Spain Madrid/Barajas 1630

Greece Athinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 1299

Ireland Dublin International 1152

Portugal Lisboa 1043

Germany Leipzig/Halle 901

Netherlands Schiphol/Amsterdam 901

Austria Graz International 583

France Paris Charles De Gaulle 520

Spain Malaga 502

Spain Valencia/Manises 490

Country Airport 10km buffer








Spain Barcelona 1372


France Lyon Saint Exupery 922






















France Paris Orly 1990

Total changes whit in each of the buffer zones Total changes whit in each of the buffer zones

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Country Airport LCf1 15km buffer




GreeceAthinai/Eleftherios Venizelos 1191

Portugal Lisboa 618


Poland Warszawa / Okecie 364

Germany LEIPZIG/HALLE 248

Spain Malaga 237


Country AirportLCF1 10km buffer






Portugal Lisboa 392

Spain Malaga 237



Hungary Budapest/Ferihegy 142




Portugal Lisboa 222

Spain Malaga 173


United Kingdom London Heathrow 121


United Kingdom London/City 91

Hungary Budapest/Ferihegy 58







Portugal Lisboa 881


Lithuania Vilnius 532


Germany HAMBURG 388

Germany LEIPZIG/HALLE 304

LCF 1- LCF 1- Urban land management: Internal transformation of urban areasUrban land management: Internal transformation of urban areas

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Portugal Lisboa 423



RomaniaBucuresti / Baneasa-Aurel Vlaicu 206



United Kingdom Nottingham 105











France Nice Cote D Azur 333


RomaniaBucuresti / Baneasa-Aurel Vlaicu 252


Country AirportLCf2 15km buffer





















Germany Berlin-Tegel 587

LCF2LCF2 Urban residential sprawl: Land uptake by residential buildingsUrban residential sprawl: Land uptake by residential buildings

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Portugal Lisboa 398



Spain Barcelona 367

Spain Malaga 269








Portugal Lisboa 937



Spain Malaga 525

Country AirportLCf3 15km buffer




















France Paris Orly 1361


LCF3LCF3 Sprawl of economic sites and infrastructuresSprawl of economic sites and infrastructures

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Total amount of hectares changedTotal amount of hectares changed within each buffer for LCF 1,2 and 3within each buffer for LCF 1,2 and 3

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

MADRID

/BARAJA

S

LISBOA

DUBLIN IN

TERNATIO

NAL

SCHIPHOL/

AMSTERDAM

VALENCIA

/MANIS

ES

LEIP

ZIG/H

ALLE

ATHINAI/E

LEFTHERIO

S VENIZ

ELOS

LYO

N SAIN

T EXUPERY

PARIS C

HARLES D

E GAULL

E

PARIS O

RLY

ha

5 km buffer 10km buffer 15km buffer 20km buffer

18

Gra

z

Sch

wec

hat

Bru

ssel

s

Cha

rlero

i

Lieg

e

Koe

benh

avn

LCF

1 5k

buf

fer

LCF

1 10

k bu

ffer

LCf1

15k

buf

fer

LCF

1 20

k bu

ffer

LCF

2 5k

buf

fer

LCF

2 10

k bu

ffer

LCf2

15k

buf

fer

LCF

2 20

k bu

ffer

LCF

3 5k

buf

fer

LCF

3 10

k bu

ffer

LCf3

15k

buf

fer

LCF

3 20

k bu

ffer

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

19

Ber

lin-T

egel

Fra

nkfu

rt M

ain

Ham

burg

Kol

n/B

onn

Leip

zig/

Hal

le

Mun

chen

LCF

1 5k

buf

fer

LCF

1 10

k bu

ffer

LCf1

15k

buf

fer

LCF

1 20

k bu

ffer

LCF

2 5k

buf

fer

LCF

2 10

k bu

ffer

LCf2

15k

buf

fer

LCF

2 20

k bu

ffer

LCF

3 5k

buf

fer

LCF

3 10

k bu

ffer

LCf3

15k

buf

fer

LCF

3 20

k bu

ffer

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

20

21

22

23

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ConclusionsConclusions• Urban sprawl in Europe between 1990 - 2000 was very

significant• Low cost airlines share of total European flights is

growing• Many of the airports are now within the city limits,

therefore there is more pressure on i.e. reduction of flights; limits for the hours for take off and landing=> noise levels getting too high for the residents living in close proximity

• Due to changes in consumption patterns new sites of services are developed

• New airports are being developed=>new infrastructure will be develop for the airport and transport network to and out of the airport

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Future perspective on the usage of LEAC tool in Future perspective on the usage of LEAC tool in the noise mapping from the airportsthe noise mapping from the airports

• Redistribution of the population to urban class in the Corine map=> proxy calculation of the size of the population exposed to noise

• CLC 2006=> new analysis of the urban sprawl in the close proximity to the airports => 2000-2006 large increase in low cost airlines

• Mapping of the integrated analysis in distributed way

Documents

1 Land use and Ecosystem Accounting – practical application Agnieszka Romanowicz