1. J Autism Dev Disord. 2015 Jun 28. [Epub ahead of print]

Tracking Social Motivation Systems

Deficits: The Affective Neuroscience View of

Autism.

Carré A1, Chevallier C, Robel L, Barry C, Maria AS, Pouga L, Philippe A, Pinabel F, Berthoz

S.

Author information:

1Mental Health and Public Health, Inserm, U1178, 75014, Paris, France,

arnaud.carre@inserm.fr.

Abstract

Abnormal functioning of primary brain systems that express and modulate basic emotional

drives are increasingly considered to underlie mental disorders including autism spectrum

disorders. We hypothesized that ASD are characterized by disruptions in the primary systems

involved in the motivation for social bonding. Twenty adults with ASD were compared to 20

neurotypical participants on the basis of self-reports and clinical assessments, including the

Social Anhedonia Scale (SAS) and the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS).

ASD diagnosis was related to SAS, as well as to positive (PLAYFULNESS) and negative

(FEAR) ANPS-traits. In the overall sample, levels of autistic traits (AQ) were related to SAS

and PLAYFULNESS. We argue that PLAYFULNESS could be at the root of social bonding

impairments in ASD.

PMID: 26123007 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Similar articles

2. PLoS One. 2015 Jun 29;10(6):e0131820. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131820. eCollection

2015.

Association of Oxytocin Receptor Gene

(OXTR) rs53576 Polymorphism with

Sociality: A Meta-Analysis.

Li J1, Zhao Y2, Li R3, Broster LS4, Zhou C5, Yang S5.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26123007http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26123007http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26123007http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Carr%C3%A9%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26123007http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Chevallier%20C%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26123007http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Robel%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26123007http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Barry%20C%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26123007http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Maria%20AS%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26123007http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Pouga%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26123007http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Philippe%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26123007http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Pinabel%20F%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26123007http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Berthoz%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26123007http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Berthoz%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26123007mailto:arnaud.carre@inserm.frhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26123007http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26121678http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26121678http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26121678http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Li%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26121678http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Zhao%20Y%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26121678http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Li%20R%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26121678http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Broster%20LS%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26121678http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Zhou%20C%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26121678http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Yang%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26121678

Author information:

1College of Education, Dali University, Dali, China.

2College of Sociology and Psychology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu,

China.

3Center for Hormone Advanced Science and Education, Roskamp Institute, Sarasota,

Florida, United States of America; Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of

Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.

4Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United

States of America.

5Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai

University of Sport, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

A common variant in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR), rs53576, has been broadly linked to

socially related personality traits and behaviors. However, the pattern of published results is

inconsistent. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the association.

The literature was searched for relevant studies and effect sizes between individuals

homozygous for the G allele (GG) and individuals with A allele carriers (AA/AG).

Specifically, two indices of sociality were evaluated independently: i) general sociality (24

samples, n = 4955), i.e., how an individual responds to other people in general; and ii) close

relationships (15 samples, n = 5262), i.e., how an individual responds to individuals with

closed connections (parent-child or romantic relationship). We found positive association

between the rs53576 polymorphism and general sociality (Cohen's d = 0.11, p = .02); G allele

homozygotes had higher general sociality than the A allele carriers. However, the meta-

analyses did not detect significant genetic association between rs53576 and close relationships

(Cohen's d = 0.01, p = .64). In conclusion, genetic variation in the rs53576 influences general

sociality, which further implies that it is worthy to systematically examine whether the

rs53576 is a valid genetic marker for socially related psychiatric disorders.

PMID: 26121678 [PubMed - in process]

Similar articles

3. PLoS One. 2015 Jun 26;10(6):e0126170. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126170. eCollection

2015.

The Relationship between Personality

Dimensions and Resiliency to

Environmental Stress in Orange-Winged

Amazon Parrots (Amazona amazonica), as

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26121678http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26114423http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26114423http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26114423http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26114423

Indicated by the Development of Abnormal

Behaviors.

Cussen VA1, Mench JA2.

Author information:

1Center for Animal Welfare, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States of

America.

2Center for Animal Welfare, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States of

America; Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United

States of America.

Abstract

Parrots are popular companion animals, but are frequently relinquished because of behavioral

problems, including abnormal repetitive behaviors like feather damaging behavior and

stereotypy. In addition to contributing to pet relinquishment, these behaviors are important as

potential indicators of diminished psychological well-being. While abnormal behaviors are

common in captive animals, their presence and/or severity varies between animals of the same

species that are experiencing the same environmental conditions. Personality differences

could contribute to this observed individual variation, as they are known risk factors for stress

sensitivity and affective disorders in humans. The goal of this study was to assess the

relationship between personality and the development and severity of abnormal behaviors in

captive-bred orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica). We monitored between-

individual behavioral differences in enrichment-reared parrots of known personality types

before, during, and after enrichment deprivation. We predicted that parrots with higher scores

for neurotic-like personality traits would be more susceptible to enrichment deprivation and

develop more abnormal behaviors. Our results partially supported this hypothesis, but also

showed that distinct personality dimensions were related to different forms of abnormal

behavior. While neuroticism-like traits were linked to feather damaging behavior,

extraversion-like traits were negatively related to stereotypic behavior. More extraverted birds

showed resiliency to environmental stress, developing fewer stereotypies during enrichment

deprivation and showing lower levels of these behaviors following re-enrichment. Our data,

together with the results of the few studies conducted on other species, suggest that, as in

humans, certain personality types render individual animals more susceptible or resilient to

environmental stress. Further, this susceptibility/resiliency can have a long-term effect on

behavior, as evidenced by behavioral changes that persisted despite re-enrichment. Ours is the

first study evaluating the relationship between personality dimensions, environment, and

abnormal behaviors in an avian species.

PMCID: PMC4482636 Free Article

PMID: 26114423 [PubMed - in process]

Similar articles

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26114423http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26114423http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Cussen%20VA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114423http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Mench%20JA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114423http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26114423

4. J Clin Psychiatry. 2015 Jun 9. [Epub ahead of print]

Interactions of borderline personality

disorder and anxiety disorders over 10

years.

Keuroghlian AS1, Gunderson JG, Pagano ME, Markowitz JC, Ansell EB, Shea MT, Morey

LC, Sanislow C, Grilo CM, Stout RL, Zanarini MC, McGlashan TH, Skodol AE.

Author information:

1McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, M/S 312, Belmont, MA, 02478 akeuroghlian@partners.org.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

This report examines the relationship of DSM-IV borderline personality disorder (BPD) to

anxiety disorders using data on the reciprocal effects of improvement or worsening of BPD

and anxiety disorders over the course of 10 years.

METHOD:

We reliably and prospectively assessed borderline patients (n = 164) with DSM-IV-defined

co-occurring generalized anxiety disorder (GAD; n = 42), panic disorder with agoraphobia (n

= 39), panic disorder without agoraphobia (n = 36), social phobia (n = 48), obsessive-

compulsive disorder (OCD; n = 36), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; n = 88)

annually over a period of 10 years between 1997 and 2009. We used proportional hazards

regression analyses to assess the effects of monthly improvement or worsening of BPD and

anxiety disorders on each other's remission and relapse the following month.

RESULTS:

BPD improvement significantly predicted remission of GAD (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65, P <

.05) and PTSD (HR = 0.57, P < .05), whereas BPD worsening significantly predicted social

phobia relapse (HR = 1.87, P < .05). The course of anxiety disorders did not predict BPD

remission or relapse, except that worsening PTSD significantly predicted BPD relapse (HR =

1.90, P < .05).

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Keuroghlian%20AS%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Gunderson%20JG%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Pagano%20ME%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Markowitz%20JC%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ansell%20EB%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Shea%20MT%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Morey%20LC%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Morey%20LC%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Sanislow%20C%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Grilo%20CM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Stout%20RL%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Zanarini%20MC%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=McGlashan%20TH%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Skodol%20AE%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26114336mailto:akeuroghlian@partners.orghttp://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126170

CONCLUSIONS:

BPD negatively affects the course of GAD, social phobia, and PTSD. In contrast, the anxiety

disorders, aside from PTSD, had little effect on BPD course. For GAD and social phobia,

whose course BPD unidirectionally influences, we suggest prioritizing treatment for BPD,

whereas BPD should be treated concurrently with panic disorders, OCD, or PTSD. We

discuss state/trait issues in the context of our findings.

© Copyright 2015 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.

PMID: 26114336 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Similar articles

5. J Psychosom Res. 2015 Jun 14. pii: S0022-3999(15)00465-1. doi:

10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.06.002. [Epub ahead of print]

Functional (psychogenic) movement

disorders associated with normal scores in

psychological questionnaires: A case control

study.

van der Hoeven RM1, Broersma M2, Pijnenborg GH3, Koops EA2, van Laar T2, Stone J4, van

Beilen M5.

Author information:

1Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of

Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700 RB, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology,

University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; NeuroImaging Center, University

Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. Electronic

address: r.m.van.der.hoeven@umcg.nl.

2Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of

Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700 RB, the Netherlands; NeuroImaging Center,

University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

3Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of

Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Psychotic Disorders, GGZ Drenthe,

Assen, the Netherlands.

4Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU,

UK.

5Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of

Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700 RB, the Netherlands; NeuroImaging Center,

University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands;

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26114336http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26113484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26113484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26113484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26113484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=van%20der%20Hoeven%20RM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26113484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Broersma%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26113484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Pijnenborg%20GH%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26113484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Koops%20EA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26113484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=van%20Laar%20T%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26113484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Stone%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26113484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=van%20Beilen%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26113484http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=van%20Beilen%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26113484mailto:r.m.van.der.hoeven@umcg.nl

University Center of Psychiatry, Department of Psychotic Disorders and Voices, University

Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands;

Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center

Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Functional movement disorders (FMDs) fall within the broader category called functional

neurological symptom disorder (FNSD). New DSM-5 criteria for FNSD no longer require the

presence of a 'psychological conflict' suggesting that some patients with FMD may not have

obvious psychological comorbidity. We studied patients with FMD in comparison to patients

with a neurological movement disorder (MD) and healthy controls (HC) to identify whether

there is a subgroup of patients with FMD who have normal psychological test scores.

METHODS:

We assessed self-rated measures of depression/anxiety (SCL-90), dissociation and personality

disorder (PDQ-4) in patients attending neurological clinics and healthy controls. The

proportion of patients scoring within normal ranges was determined, and the levels of somatic

and psychological symptoms were compared between the three groups.

RESULTS:

Among the FMD group, 39% (20/51) scored within the normal range for all measures

compared to 38% (13/34) of MD subjects and 89% (47/53) of healthy controls. There were no

differences in overall scores in the SCL-90 and PDQ-4 between FMD and MD patients. FMD

patients also did not differ from controls on a self-rated measure of personality pathology.

CONCLUSION:

Our data show that a substantial proportion of patients with FMD score within the normal

range in psychological questionnaires, lending some support to the new DSM-5 criteria.

Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PMID: 26113484 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Similar articles

6. J Pers Disord. 2015 Jun 25:1-19. [Epub ahead of print]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26113484http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0022-3999(15)00465-1

Emotional Processing, Interaction Process,

and Outcome in Clarification-Oriented

Psychotherapy for Personality Disorders: A

Process-Outcome Analysis.

Kramer U1, Pascual-Leone A2, Rohde KB3, Sachse R4 .

Author information:

1University of Lausanne, Switzerland.

2University of Windsor, Canada.

3University of Bern, Switzerland.

4Institut für Psychologische Psychotherapie, Bochum, Germany.

Abstract

It is important to understand the change processes involved in psychotherapies for patients

with personality disorders (PDs). One patient process that promises to be useful in relation to

the outcome of psychotherapy is emotional processing. In the present process-outcome

analysis, we examine this question by using a sequential model of emotional processing and

by additionally taking into account a therapist's appropriate responsiveness to a patient's

presentation in clarification-oriented psychotherapy (COP), a humanistic-experiential form of

therapy. The present study involved 39 patients with a range of PDs undergoing COP. Session

25 was assessed as part of the working phase of each therapy by external raters in terms of

emotional processing using the Classification of Affective-Meaning States (CAMS) and in

terms of the overall quality of therapist-patient interaction using the Process-Content-

Relationship Scale (BIBS). Treatment outcome was assessed pre- and post-therapy using the

Global Severity Index (GSI) of the SCL-90-R and the BDI. Results indicate that the good

outcome cases showed more self-compassion, more rejecting anger, and a higher quality of

therapist-patient interaction compared to poorer outcome cases. For good outcome cases,

emotional processing predicted 18% of symptom change at the end of treatment, which was

not found for poor outcome cases. These results are discussed within the framework of an

integrative understanding of emotional processing as an underlying mechanism of change in

COP, and perhaps in other effective therapy approaches for PDs.

PMID: 26111248 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Similar articles

7. Psychol Health Med. 2015 Jun 25:1-8. [Epub ahead of print]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26111248http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26111248http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26111248http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26111248http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Kramer%20U%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26111248http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Pascual-Leone%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26111248http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Rohde%20KB%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26111248http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Sachse%20R%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26111248http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26111248http://guilfordjournals.com/doi/abs/10.1521/pedi_2015_29_204

The relationship between impulsivity and

suicide among rural youths aged 15-35

years: a case-control psychological autopsy

study.

Lin L1, Zhang J, Zhou L, Jiang C.

Author information:

1a Academy of Psychology and Behavior , Tianjin Normal University , Tianjin , China.

Abstract

In China, the gender ratio of suicide rates did not match the Western patterns, which was

higher for females than males. However, the rural men were at relatively high risk of suicide

in Liaoning province. Impulsivity was an important factor of suicide behaviors, but there was

a lack of studies in China. This research aimed to study the relationship between impulsive

personality traits and suicidal behavior among Chinese rural youths. Suicides were

consecutively sampled from six randomly selected counties in Liaoning Province in China.

Between 2005 and 2007, a total of 162 suicide victims were enrolled in the study along with

162 community controls matched for age, gender, and location. The psychological autopsy

method was used to collect data from informants knowledgeable about the selected suicide

victims and controls. The results showed the suicide victims in the study were more likely to

demonstrate dysfunctional impulsivity and less likely to demonstrate functional impulsivity

compared with the controls. Mental disorders, acute negative life events, and dysfunctional

impulsivity contributed to the risk of suicide; educational and functional impulsivity were

protective factors. Suicide prevention efforts in rural China may address impulsivity.

PMID: 26110614 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Similar articles

8. Nord J Psychiatry. 2015 Jun 24:1-10. [Epub ahead of print]

Assessment of co-morbidity of adult

separation anxiety in patients with bipolar

disorder.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26110614http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26110614http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26110614http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26110614http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Lin%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26110614http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Zhang%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26110614http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Zhou%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26110614http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Jiang%20C%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26110614http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26110614http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26107408http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26107408http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26107408http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13548506.2015.1051555?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed

Tasdemir A1, Tamam L, Keskin N, Evlice YE.

Author information:

1Ali Tasdemir, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine Department of Psychiatry , Adana

, Turkey.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of this study was to assess the co-morbidity of adult separation anxiety in bipolar

patients and evaluate its effects on the course of disorder and functionality.

METHOD:

A total of 70 patients who have been regularly followed in the Bipolar Disorder Unit were

included in the study. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV - Axis I and Axis II

disorders and demographic form were used. Separation anxiety was investigated by the

Structured Clinical Interview for Separation Anxiety Symptoms (SCI-SAS) and the Hamilton

Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) was filled out by an interviewer. In addition, all patients

completed the Bipolar Disorder Functioning Questionnaire (BDFQ), Separation Anxiety

Symptom Inventory (SASI) and Adult Separation Anxiety Questionnaire (ASA).

RESULTS:

The prevalence rate of co-morbid adult separation anxiety disorder (A-SepAD) was 54% (n =

38) in our sample. Age of onset was in adulthood among 36% of patients with a diagnosis of

A-SepAD and the others (64%) were childhood-onset. Co-morbidity of personality disorders

was more common in bipolar patients with childhood-onset separation anxiety disorder (C-

SepAD). The lifetime prevalence of co-morbidity of specific phobias and number of suicide

attempts were significantly higher in the group with A-SepAD. Functionality loss due to

feeling of stigmatization was higher, and total functionality as measured by the BDFQ was

found to be lower in bipolar patients with A-SepAD.

CONCLUSION:

The results of this study have shown that 54% of bipolar patients had a diagnosis of A-

SepAD. A-SepAD seems to increase the number of suicide attempts and have negative effects

on functionality. A-SepAD should be assessed in regular interviews of patients with bipolar

disorder.

PMID: 26107408 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Similar articles

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Tasdemir%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26107408http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Tamam%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26107408http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Keskin%20N%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26107408http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Evlice%20YE%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26107408http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26107408http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/08039488.2015.1053098

9. Front Psychiatry. 2015 Jun 9;6:87. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00087. eCollection 2015.

The Detrimental Impact of Maladaptive

Personality on Public Mental Health: A

Challenge for Psychiatric Practice.

Hengartner MP1.

Author information:

1Department of Applied Psychology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW) ,

Zurich , Switzerland.

Abstract

Experts in personality psychology and personality disorders have long emphasized the

pervasive and persistent detrimental impact of maladaptive personality traits on mental health

and functioning. However, in routine psychiatric practice, maladaptive personality is readily

ignored and personality traits are seldom incorporated into clinical guidelines. The aim of this

narrative review is to outline how pervasively personality influences public mental health and

how personality thereby challenges common psychiatric practice. A comprehensive search

and synthesis of the scientific literature demonstrates that maladaptive personality traits and

personality disorders, in particular high neuroticism and negative affectivity, first, are risk

factors for divorce, unemployment, and disability pensioning; second, relate to the prevalence,

incidence, and co-occurrence of common mental disorders; third, impair functioning,

symptom remission, and recovery in co-occurring common mental disorders; and fourth,

predispose to treatment resistance, non-response and poor treatment outcome. In conclusion,

maladaptive personality is not only involved in the development and course of mental

disorders but also predisposes to chronicity and re-occurrence of psychopathology and

reduces the efficacy of psychiatric treatments. The pernicious impact of maladaptive

personality on mental health and functioning demands that careful assessment and thorough

consideration of personality should be compulsory in psychiatric practice.

PMCID: PMC4460874 Free PMC Article

PMID: 26106335 [PubMed]

Similar articles

10. Compr Psychiatry. 2015 Jun 3. pii: S0010-440X(15)00091-7. doi:

10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.05.016. [Epub ahead of print]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26106335http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26106335http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26106335http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Hengartner%20MP%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26106335http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26106335http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00087

Is reflective functioning associated with

clinical symptoms and long-term course in

patients with personality disorders?

Antonsen BT1, Johansen MS2, Rø FG3, Kvarstein EH4, Wilberg T5.

Author information:

1Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of

Personality Psychiatry, Clinic for Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital,

Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: bjornar.antonsen@medisin.uio.no.

2Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of

Personality Psychiatry, Clinic for Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital,

Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: merete.johansen@medisin.uio.no.

3Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address:

f.g.ro@psykologi.uio.no.

4Department of Personality Psychiatry, Clinic for Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo

University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: elfridak@online.no.

5Department of Research and Development, Clinic for Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo

University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: uxthwi@ous-hf.no.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Mentalization is the capacity to understand behavior as the expression of various mental

states and is assumed to be important in a range of psychopathologies, especially personality

disorders (PDs). The first aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship

between mentalization capacity, operationalized as reflective functioning (RF), and clinical

manifestations before entering study treatment. The second aim was to investigate the

relationship between baseline RF and long-term clinical outcome both independent of

treatment (predictor analyses) and dependent on treatment (moderator analyses).

METHODS:

Seventy-nine patients from a randomized clinical trial (Ullevål Personality Project) who had

borderline and/or avoidant PD were randomly assigned to either a step-down treatment

program, comprising short-term day-hospital treatment followed by outpatient combined

group and individual psychotherapy, or to outpatient individual psychotherapy. Patients were

evaluated on variables including symptomatic distress, psychosocial functioning, personality

functioning, and self-esteem at baseline, 8 and 18months, and 3 and 6years.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26104432http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26104432http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26104432http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Antonsen%20BT%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26104432http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Johansen%20MS%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26104432http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=R%C3%B8%20FG%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26104432http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Kvarstein%20EH%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26104432http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Wilberg%20T%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26104432mailto:bjornar.antonsen@medisin.uio.nomailto:merete.johansen@medisin.uio.nomailto:f.g.ro@psykologi.uio.nomailto:elfridak@online.nomailto:uxthwi@ous-hf.no

RESULTS:

RF was significantly associated with a wide range of variables at baseline. In longitudinal

analyses RF was not found to be a predictor of long-term clinical outcome. However, when

considering treatment type, there were significant moderator effects of RF. Patients with low

RF had better outcomes in outpatient individual therapy compared to the step-down program.

In contrast, patients in the medium RF group achieved better results in the step-down

program.

CONCLUSION:

These findings indicate that RF is associated with core aspects of personality pathology and

capture clinically relevant phenomena in adult patients with PDs. Moreover, patients with

different capacities for mentalization may need different kinds of therapeutic approaches.

Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Free Article

PMID: 26104432 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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11. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2015 Jun 23. doi: 10.1002/erv.2376. [Epub ahead of print]

Eating Disorders in Adolescents with Celiac

Disease: Influence of Personality

Characteristics and Coping.

Wagner G1, Zeiler M1, Berger G2, Huber WD2, Favaro A3, Santonastaso P3, Karwautz A1.

Author information:

1Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical

University of Vienna, Austria.

2Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical

University of Vienna, Austria.

3Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Italy.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26104432http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26100655http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26100655http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26100655http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Wagner%20G%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26100655http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Zeiler%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26100655http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Berger%20G%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26100655http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Huber%20WD%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26100655http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Favaro%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26100655http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Santonastaso%20P%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26100655http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Karwautz%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26100655http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0010-440X(15)00091-7

Patients suffering from celiac disease (CD) have a higher risk of developing disturbed eating

behaviour.

METHOD:

In a multi-centre study, 259 female adolescents with CD and without a chronic condition

were analysed regarding their eating disorder (ED) status, depression, personality, coping

strategies and quality of life.

RESULTS:

Patients with CD and comorbid EDs were older and more often non-compliant with their diet

and had a higher body mass index (BMI) and higher levels of depression. Differences in

personality features disappear when controlling for age and depression. Higher ill-being and

lower joy in life were reported by patients with CD and ED compared with patients without

EDs, even when controlling for age and depression levels. No differences between patients

(with CD) with and without EDs in coping strategies were found. BMI and lower self-

directedness predicted ED status.

CONCLUSIONS:

Early identification of EDs in patients with CD is suggested and should include BMI and

personality factors. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders

Association.

Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.

PMID: 26100655 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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12. Psychiatry Res. 2015 Jun 11. pii: S0165-1781(15)00345-5. doi:

10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.057. [Epub ahead of print]

Three year stability of Five-Factor Model

personality traits in relation to changes in

symptom levels in patients with

schizophrenia or related disorders.

Boyette LL1, Nederlof J2, Meijer C2, de Boer F2, de Haan L2; for GROUP.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26100655http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26099654http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26099654http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26099654http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26099654http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Boyette%20LL%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26099654http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Nederlof%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26099654http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Meijer%20C%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26099654http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=de%20Boer%20F%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26099654http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=de%20Haan%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26099654http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=for%20GROUP%5BCorporate%20Author%5Dhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1002/erv.2376

Author information:

1Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry,

Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: L.N.Boyette@amc.uva.nl.

2Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry,

Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Abstract

Five-Factor Model (FFM) personality traits are related to a wide range of clinical outcome in

patients with psychotic disorders. However, it is not sufficiently clear whether psychotic

illness, particularly fluctuation in negative symptoms and psychotic relapse, affects

personality. The current study examined the 3-year temporal stability of FFM traits in 91

patients with non-affective psychotic disorders with a maximum duration of illness of 10

years and 32 control subjects without a (family member with) a diagnosis of psychotic

illness. In patients, change in negative symptoms predicted changes in Neuroticism and

(inversely) in Extraversion and Openness. However, when correcting for depressive

symptoms, negative symptoms no longer predicted change in any FFM trait. Clinical

characteristics, such as psychotic relapse, were also not found to be related to change in FFM

traits. Patients showed a slight increase in Conscientiousness levels, the other FFM traits

showed mean-level stability. Rank-order stability of the FFM traits was moderate to strong,

although weaker for Neuroticism in patients. Our findings indicate that psychotic symptoms

exert limited effect on the stability of FFM traits in patients with psychotic disorders.

Consistent with general population findings, one should guard against state-trait confusion

between Neuroticism/Extraversion and depression.

Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

PMID: 26099654 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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13. Sci Rep. 2015 Jun 23;5:11563. doi: 10.1038/srep11563.

Altered baseline brain activity

differentiates regional mechanisms

subserving biological and psychological

alterations in obese men.

Zhang B1, Tian D2, Yu C3, Li M4, Zang Y5, Liu Y6, Walter M4.

mailto:L.N.Boyette@amc.uva.nlhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26099654http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26099208http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26099208http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26099208http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26099208http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Zhang%20B%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26099208http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Tian%20D%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26099208http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Yu%20C%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26099208http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Li%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26099208http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Zang%20Y%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26099208http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Liu%20Y%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26099208http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Walter%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26099208http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165-1781(15)00345-5

Author information:

11] Department of Anatomy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China [2] Department of

Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany [3] Clinical

Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany [4]

Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.

2Department of Anatomy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.

3Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.

41] Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg,

Germany [2] Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Magdeburg,

Magdeburg, Germany [3] Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.

5Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou,

China.

61] Key laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education,

Chongqing, China [2] School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.

Abstract

Obesity as a chronic disease is a major factor for insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes,

which has become a global health problem. In the present study, we used resting state

functional MRI to investigate the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations of spontaneous

signal during both hunger and satiety states in 20 lean and 20 obese males. We found that,

before food intake, obese men had significantly greater baseline activity in the precuneus and

lesser activity in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) relative to lean subjects.

Furthermore, after food intake, obese males had significantly lesser activity in dACC than

lean males. We further found a significant positive correlation between precuneus activation

and hunger ratings before food intake, while dACC activity was negatively correlated with

plasma insulin levels before and after food intake. These results indicated that both

precuneus and dACC may play an important role in eating behavior. While precuneus rather

seemed to mediate subjective satiety, dACC levels rather reflected indirect measures of

glucose utilization.

Free Article

PMID: 26099208 [PubMed - in process]

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14. Personal Disord. 2015 Jun 22. [Epub ahead of print]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26099208http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep11563

Narcissism and Newlywed Marriage:

Partner Characteristics and Marital

Trajectories.

Lavner JA, Lamkin J, Miller JD, Campbell WK, Karney BR.

Abstract

Despite narcissism's relation with interpersonal dysfunction, surprisingly little empirical

research has been devoted to understanding narcissism's effect on intimate relationships in

general or marital relationships in particular. The current study addressed this gap using

longitudinal data from a community sample of 146 newlywed couples assessed 6 times over

the first 4 years of marriage. First, we examined partner characteristics associated with

higher levels of narcissism to determine the degree to which couples were matched on

narcissism and related traits. Second, we examined how narcissism predicted the trajectory

of marital quality over time, testing narcissism's association with initial levels of relationship

functioning (the intercept) and changes in relationship functioning (the slope). Results

indicated a small degree of homophily but otherwise no clear pattern of partner

characteristics for individuals higher in narcissism. Hierarchical linear modeling indicated

that wives' total narcissism and entitlement/exploitativeness scores predicted the slope of

marital quality over time, including steeper declines in marital satisfaction and steeper

increases in marital problems. Husbands' narcissism scores generally had few effects on their

own marital quality or that of their wives. These findings are notable in indicating that the

effects of personality characteristics on marital functioning may take some time to manifest

themselves, even if they were present from early in the marriage. Future research into the

mediating psychological and interpersonal processes that link wives' narcissism with poorer

marital functioning over time would be valuable. (PsycINFO Database Record

(c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).

PMID: 26098378 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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15. Personal Disord. 2015 Jun 22. [Epub ahead of print]

Emotional Switching in Borderline

Personality Disorder: A Daily Life Study.

Houben M, Vansteelandt K, Claes L, Sienaert P, Berens A, Sleuwaegen E, Kuppens P.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26098378http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26098378http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26098378http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Lavner%20JA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26098378http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Lamkin%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26098378http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Miller%20JD%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26098378http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Campbell%20WK%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26098378http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Karney%20BR%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26098378http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26098378http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26098377http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26098377http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Houben%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26098377http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Vansteelandt%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26098377http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Claes%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26098377http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Sienaert%20P%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26098377http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Berens%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26098377http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Sleuwaegen%20E%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26098377http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Kuppens%20P%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26098377

Abstract

Despite large efforts to understand emotional instability in borderline personality disorder

(BPD), it is still unclear exactly how this is manifested in the daily lives of people suffering

from the disorder. Building on theoretical and clinical observations of BPD, we propose that

the emotional instability in BPD particularly consists of the occurrence of strong changes

between positive and negative emotional states from 1 moment to the next, labeled

emotional switching. We tested this proposal by means of an experience sampling study in

which 30 BPD patients and 28 healthy controls reported in their daily lives the level of

pleasantness/unpleasantness of their emotional states 10 times a day for 8 consecutive days

using handheld palmtops. Results showed that although BPD patients did not differ from

healthy controls regarding their overall tendency to switch from a positive to a negative

emotional state or vice versa, the size of such changes between positive and negative states

was found to be significantly larger in BPD patients. In contrast, the magnitude of emotional

changes that remained within the negative emotional range or positive emotional range was

not particularly larger for BPD patients compared with healthy participants. These findings

imply that the emotional instability in BPD is particularly characterized by larger changes

from positive to negative states and vice versa, rather than overall larger changes in intensity,

providing insight into possible processes underlying emotion dysfunction in BPD.

(PsycINFO Database Record

(c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).

PMID: 26098377 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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16. Neurologia. 2015 Jun 18. pii: S0213-4853(15)00113-9. doi: 10.1016/j.nrl.2015.05.002.

[Epub ahead of print]

Clinical and psychopathological factors

associated with impulse control disorders in

Parkinson's disease.

[Article in English, Spanish]

Sáez-Francàs N1, Martí Andrés G2, Ramírez N1, de Fàbregues O2, Álvarez-Sabín J2, Casas

M3, Hernández-Vara J4.

Author information:

1Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Sant Rafael, FIDMAG, Hospital Universitari Vall

d'Hebron, CIBERSAM. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona,

Barcelona, España.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26098377http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26096669http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26096669http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26096669http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=S%C3%A1ez-Franc%C3%A0s%20N%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096669http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Mart%C3%AD%20Andr%C3%A9s%20G%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096669http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ram%C3%ADrez%20N%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096669http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=de%20F%C3%A0bregues%20O%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096669http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=%C3%81lvarez-Sab%C3%ADn%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096669http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Casas%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096669http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Casas%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096669http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Hern%C3%A1ndez-Vara%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096669

2Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitari Vall d́Hebron, Institut de Recerca (VHIR),

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.

3Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, CIBERSAM. Departamento

de Psiquiatría, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.

4Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitari Vall d́Hebron, Institut de Recerca (VHIR),

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España. Electronic address:

hernandezvarajorge76@gmail.com.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Impulse control disorders (ICD) constitute a complication that may arise during the course of

Parkinson's disease (PD). Several factors have been linked to the development of these

disorders, and their associated severe functional impairment requires specific and

multidisciplinary management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of

ICDs and the clinical and psychopathological factors associated with the appearance of these

disorders.

METHODS:

Cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study of a sample of 115 PD patients evaluated to

determine the presence of an ICD. Clinical scales were administered to assess disease

severity, personality traits, and presence of psychiatric symptoms at the time of evaluation.

RESULTS:

Of the 115 patients with PD, 27 (23.48%) displayed some form of ICD; hypersexuality,

exhibited by 14 (12.2%), and binge eating, present in 12 (10.1%), were the most common

types. Clinical factors associated with ICD were treatment with dopamine agonists (OR:

13.39), earlier age at disease onset (OR: 0.92), and higher score on the UPDRS-I subscale;

psychopathological factors with a significant association were trait anxiety (OR: 1.05) and

impulsivity (OR: 1.13).

CONCLUSIONS:

ICDs are frequent in PD, and treatment with dopamine agonists is the most important risk

factor for these disorders. High impulsivity and anxiety levels at time of evaluation, and

younger age at disease onset, were also linked to increased risk. However, presence of these

personality traits prior to evaluation did not increase risk of ICD.

Copyright © 2015 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.

All rights reserved.

Free Article

PMID: 26096669 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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17. Br J Clin Psychol. 2015 Jun 11. doi: 10.1111/bjc.12091. [Epub ahead of print]

Seven basic dimensions of personality

pathology and their clinical consequences:

Are all personalities equally harmful?

Vall G1,2, Gutiérrez F3,4, Peri JM5, Gárriz M6, Ferraz L2, Baillés E7, Obiols JE2.

Author information:

1Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, GSS - Hospital Santa Maria -

IRB, Lleida, Spain.

2Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona,

Spain.

3Personality Disorder Unit, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona,

Spain.

4IDIBAPS (August Pi Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.

5Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain.

6INAD (Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addiction), MAR Health Park, Barcelona, Spain.

7Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona,

Spain.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

Dimensional pathology models are increasingly being accepted for the assessment of

disordered personalities, but their ability to predict negative outcomes is yet to be studied.

We examine the relative clinical impact of seven basic dimensions of personality pathology

through their associations with a wide range of clinical outcomes.

METHODS:

A sample of 960 outpatients was assessed through a 7-factor model integrating the

Cloninger, the Livesley, and the DSM taxonomies. Thirty-six indicators of clinical outcome

covering three areas - dissatisfaction, functional difficulties, and clinical severity - were also

assessed. The unique contribution of each personality dimension to clinical outcome was

estimated through multiple regressions.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26096669http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26096533http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26096533http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26096533http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Vall%20G%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096533http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Guti%C3%A9rrez%20F%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096533http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Peri%20JM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096533http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=G%C3%A1rriz%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096533http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ferraz%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096533http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Baill%C3%A9s%20E%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096533http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Obiols%20JE%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26096533http://www.elsevier.es/en/linksolver/ft/pii/S0213-4853(15)00113-9

RESULTS:

Overall, personality dimensions explained 17.6% of the variance of clinical outcome, but

varied substantially in terms of their unique contributions. Negative Emotionality had the

greatest impact in all areas, contributing 43.9% of the explained variance. The remaining

dimensions led to idiosyncratic patterns of clinical outcomes but had a comparatively minor

clinical impact. A certain effect was also found for combinations of dimensions such as

Negative Emotionality × Impulsive Sensation Seeking, but most interactions were clinically

irrelevant.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings suggest that the most relevant dimensions of personality pathology are

associated with very different clinical consequences and levels of harmfulness.

PRACTITIONER POINTS:

The relative clinical impact of seven basic dimensions of personality pathology is examined.

Negative Emotionality (Neuroticism) is 6-14 times as harmful as other pathological

dimensions. The remaining dimensions and their interactions have very specific and

comparatively minor clinical consequences.

LIMITATIONS:

We examine only a handful of clinical outcomes. Our results may not be generalizable to

other clinical or life outcomes. Our variables are self-reported and hence susceptible to bias.

Our design does not allow us to establish causal relationships between personality and

clinical outcomes.

© 2015 The British Psychological Society.

PMID: 26096533 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Similar articles

18. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2015 Jun 19. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12441. [Epub ahead of print]

Research Review: What we have learned

about the causes of eating disorders - a

synthesis of sociocultural, psychological,

and biological research.

Culbert KM1, Racine SE2, Klump KL3.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26096533http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26095891http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26095891http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26095891http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26095891http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Culbert%20KM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26095891http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Racine%20SE%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26095891http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Klump%20KL%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26095891

Author information:

1Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.

2Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.

3Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Eating disorders are severe psychiatric disorders with a complex etiology involving

transactions among sociocultural, psychological, and biological influences. Most research

and reviews, however, focus on only one level of analysis. To address this gap, we provide a

qualitative review and summary using an integrative biopsychosocial approach.

METHODS:

We selected variables for which there were available data using integrative methodologies

(e.g., twin studies, gene-environment interactions) and/or data at the biological and

behavioral level (e.g., neuroimaging). Factors that met these inclusion criteria were

idealization of thinness, negative emotionality, perfectionism, negative urgency, inhibitory

control, cognitive inflexibility, serotonin, dopamine, ovarian hormones. Literature searches

were conducted using PubMed. Variables were classified as risk factors or correlates of

eating disorder diagnoses and disordered eating symptoms using Kraemer et al.'s (1997)

criteria.

FINDINGS:

Sociocultural idealization of thinness variables (media exposure, pressures for thinness, thin-

ideal internalization, thinness expectancies) and personality traits (negative emotionality,

perfectionism, negative urgency) attained 'risk status' for eating disorders and/or disordered

eating symptoms. Other factors were identified as correlates of eating pathology or were not

classified given limited data. Effect sizes for risk factors and correlates were generally small-

to-moderate in magnitude.

CONCLUSIONS:

Multiple biopsychosocial influences are implicated in eating disorders and/or disordered

eating symptoms and several can now be considered established risk factors. Data suggest

that psychological and environmental factors interact with and influence the expression of

genetic risk to cause eating pathology. Additional studies that examine risk variables across

multiple levels of analysis and that consider specific transactional processes amongst

variables are needed to further elucidate the intersection of sociocultural, psychological, and

biological influences on eating disorders.

© 2015 Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health.

PMID: 26095891 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Similar articles

19. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2015 Jun 11. doi: 10.1002/erv.2375. [Epub ahead of print]

Craving for Food in Virtual Reality

Scenarios in Non-Clinical Sample: Analysis

of its Relationship with Body Mass Index

and Eating Disorder Symptoms.

Ferrer-Garcia M1, Gutierrez-Maldonado J1, Treasure J2, Vilalta-Abella F1.

Author information:

1Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments, Universitat de

Barcelona, Spain.

2Institute of Psychiatry, Section of Eating Disorders, King's College London, UK.

Abstract

Virtual reality (VR) technology has been successfully used to study the influence of specific

and contextual food-related cues on emotional, cognitive and behavioural responses in

patients with eating disorders (ED) and healthy controls. Following this research line, the

present study assesses the effect on reported food craving of the type of food (low calorie

versus high calorie) and the presence or absence of other people (private versus social

context) in VR environments. Relationships between craving and body mass index (BMI)

and ED symptoms are also explored. Eighty-seven female students were exposed to four VR

scenarios presented in random order: a low-calorie kitchen, a high-calorie kitchen, a low-

calorie restaurant and a high-calorie restaurant. After 2 minutes of exposure to each virtual

scenario, food craving was assessed. Repeated measures analyses of covariance were

conducted to assess changes in food craving following exposure to the different VR

environments. Time elapsed since the last meal was introduced as a covariate to control for

responses produced by food deprivation. Correlation and hierarchical multiple regression

analyses were also conducted to assess the relationship between reported food craving and

BMI and ED symptoms. Participants experienced higher levels of food craving after

exposure to high-calorie foods (in both the kitchen and restaurant environments) than after

exposure to low-calorie foods. Being alone in the kitchen or with friends in the restaurant

had no effect on reported craving. Overall, neither BMI nor ED symptoms were related with

reported food craving; only in the restaurant with low-calorie food was a significant negative

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26095891http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26095041http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26095041http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26095041http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26095041http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ferrer-Garcia%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26095041http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Gutierrez-Maldonado%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26095041http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Treasure%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26095041http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Vilalta-Abella%20F%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26095041http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12441

correlation found between BMI and food craving. The results suggest that cue exposure in

virtual environments is an effective procedure for inducing food craving in healthy controls

and may be useful as a research and therapeutic tool in clinical populations. Copyright ©

2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.

Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.

PMID: 26095041 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Similar articles

20. J Affect Disord. 2015 Jun 10;184:193-197. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.05.061. [Epub ahead of

print]

Effect of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism on

affective temperament, depression and

body mass index in obesity.

Borkowska A1, Bieliński M1, Szczęsny W2, Szwed K 3, Tomaszewska M1, Kałwa A4,

Lesiewska N1, Junik R5, Gołębiewski M6, Sikora M6 , Tretyn A6, Akiskal K7, Akiskal H7.

Author information:

1Chair and Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in

Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.

2Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, Nicolaus Copernicus University in

Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.

3Chair and Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in

Torun, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland. Electronic address:

a.k.szwed@gmail.com.

4Department of Forsenic Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw,

Poland.

5Department of Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland.

6Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in

Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.

7International Mood Center, Paris, France; International Mood Center, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIM:

Many studies show high prevalence of affective disorders in obese patients. Affective

temperament is a subclinical manifestation of such conditions. The 5-HTT gene encoding the

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26095041http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Borkowska%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Bieli%C5%84ski%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Szcz%C4%99sny%20W%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Szwed%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Tomaszewska%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ka%C5%82wa%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Lesiewska%20N%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Junik%20R%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Go%C5%82%C4%99biewski%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Sikora%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Tretyn%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Akiskal%20K%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Akiskal%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26093833http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/erv.2375

serotonin transporter may be involved in both mood and eating dysregulation. The aim of

this study was to investigate the influence of a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene on affective

temperament types, depressive symptoms and Body Mass Index (BMI) in obese patients.

METHODS:

This study involved 390 patients (237 females, and 153 males) with obesity. The TEMPS-A

questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale

(HDRS) were used to evaluate affective temperaments and prevalence of depression. DNA

was obtained for serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) genotyping.

RESULTS:

In obese patients S/S genotype was associated with depressive and L/L with cyclothymic

temperament. Subjects with L/L genotype presented significantly higher BMI and greater

intensity of depressive symptoms in BDI and HDRS. Females scored higher in anxious and

depressive, while males in hyperthymic, cyclothymic and irritable temperaments. Females

scored higher in BDI (subjective depression) while males in HDRS (objective depression).

LIMITATIONS:

TEMPS-A, BDI and HDRS are frequently used in studies on affective disorders. However,

these methods do not examine all dimensions of mood and personality.

CONCLUSIONS:

In obese patients S allele of 5-HTTLPR was associated with development of depressive

temperament while L allele corresponded with greater obesity and prevalence of depression.

Different mechanisms may be involved in manifestation of depression in males and females

with obesity.

Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

PMID: 26093833 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Similar articles

21. Front Hum Neurosci. 2015 Jun 3;9:325. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00325. eCollection 2015.

Commentary: "Personality and Intentional

Binding: An Exploratory Study Using the

Narcissistic Personality Inventory".

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26093833http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26089790http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26089790http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26089790http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165-0327(15)00367-5

Dimaggio G1, Lysaker PH2.

Author information:

1Centro di Terapia Metacognitiva Interpersonale , Rome , Italy.

2Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center (116H) , Indianapolis, IN , USA ; Indiana

University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, IN , USA.

PMCID: PMC4453717 Free PMC Article

PMID: 26089790 [PubMed]

Similar articles

22. Curr Pharm Des. 2015 Jun 18. [Epub ahead of print]

Current issues in the use of fMRI-based

neurofeedback to relieve psychiatric

symptoms.

Fovet T1, Jardri R, Linden D.

Author information:

1Unite d'Hospitalisation Specialement Amenagee (UHSA) Lille-Seclin Chemin du bois de

l'hopital 59113 SECLIN FRANCE. tfovet@hotmail.fr.

Abstract

fMRI-based neurofeedback (fMRI-NF) is a non-invasive technique that allows participants

to achieve control of their own brain activity using the real-time feedback of the activity

(measured indirectly based on the BOLD signal) of a particular brain region or network. The

feasibility of fMRI-NF in healthy subjects has been documented for a variety of brain areas

and neural systems, and this technique has also been proposed for the treatment of

psychiatric disorders in recent years. Through a systematic review of the scientific literature

this paper probes the rationale and expected applications of fMRI-NF in psychiatry,

discusses issues that must be addressed in the use of this technique to treat mental disorders.

Six relevant references and five ongoing studies were identified according to our inclusion

criteria. These studies show that in most psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder,

schizophrenia, personality disorders, addiction), patients are able to learn voluntary control

of the neuronal activity of the targeted brain region(s). Interestingly, in some cases, this

learning is associated with clinical improvement, showing that fMRI-NF can potentially be

developed into a therapeutic tool. However, only low-level evidence is available to support

the use of this relatively new technique in clinical practice. Notably, no randomized,

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Dimaggio%20G%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26089790http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Lysaker%20PH%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26089790http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26089790http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26088117http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26088117http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26088117http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Fovet%20T%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26088117http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Jardri%20R%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26088117http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Linden%20D%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26088117http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00325

controlled trial is currently available in this field of research. Finally, methodological issues

and clinical perspectives (especially the potential use of pattern recognition in fMRI-NF

protocols) are discussed.

PMID: 26088117 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Similar articles

23. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2015 Jun 18. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32326. [Epub

ahead of print]

On the role of NOS1 ex1f-VNTR in ADHD-

allelic, subgroup, and meta-analysis.

Weber H1,2, Kittel-Schneider S1, Heupel J3, Weißflog L1, Kent L4, Freudenberg F1, Alttoa

A1,3, Post A1,3, Herterich S5, Haavik J6,7, Halmøy A6,7, Fasmer OB7,8, Landaas ET6,

Johansson S6, Cormand B9,10,11, Ribasés M11,12,13, Sánchez-Mora C11,12,13, Ramos-Quiroga

JA11,12, Franke B14, Lesch KP3,15, Reif A1.

Author information:

1Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University

Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

2Microarray Core Unit, IZKF Würzburg, University Hospital of Würzburg, Germany.

3Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg,

Germany.

4School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK.

5Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Würzburg,

Würzburg, Germany.

6Department of Biomedicine, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders,

University of Bergen, Norway.

7Department of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.

8Department of Clinical Medicine, Section for Psychiatry, University of Bergen, Bergen,

Norway.

9Departament of Genetics, Universiy of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

10Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain.

11Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of

Salud Carlos III, Spain.

12Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.

13Psychiatric Genetics Unit, University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.

14Department of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Radboud university medical center,

Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

15 Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26088117http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Weber%20H%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Kittel-Schneider%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Heupel%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Wei%C3%9Fflog%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Kent%20L%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Freudenberg%20F%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Alttoa%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Alttoa%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Post%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Herterich%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Haavik%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Halm%C3%B8y%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Fasmer%20OB%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Landaas%20ET%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Johansson%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Cormand%20B%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ribas%C3%A9s%20M%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=S%C3%A1nchez-Mora%20C%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ramos-Quiroga%20JA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ramos-Quiroga%20JA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Franke%20B%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Lesch%20KP%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Reif%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26086921http://www.eurekaselect.com/132296/article

Abstract

Attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heritable neurodevelopmental disorder

featuring complex genetics with common and rare variants contributing to disease risk. In a

high proportion of cases, ADHD does not remit during adolescence but persists into

adulthood. Several studies suggest that NOS1, encoding nitric oxide synthase I, producing

the gaseous neurotransmitter NO, is a candidate gene for (adult) ADHD. We here extended

our analysis by increasing the original sample, adding two further samples from Norway and

Spain, and conducted subgroup and co-morbidity analysis. Our previous finding held true in

the extended sample, and also meta-analysis demonstrated an association of NOS1 ex1f-

VNTR short alleles with adult ADHD (aADHD). Association was restricted to females, as

was the case in the discovery sample. Subgroup analysis on the single allele level suggested

that the 21-repeat allele caused the association. Regarding subgroups, we found that NOS1

was associated with the hyperactive/impulsive ADHD subtype, but not to pure inattention. In

terms of comorbidity, major depression, anxiety disorders, cluster C personality disorders

and migraine were associated with short repeats, in particular the 21-repeat allele. Also, short

allele carriers had significantly lower IQ. Finally, we again demonstrated an influence of the

repeat on gene expression in human post-mortem brain samples. These data validate the role

of NOS-I in hyperactive/impulsive phenotypes and call for further studies into the

neurobiological underpinnings of this association. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

PMID: 26086921 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Similar articles

24. PLoS One. 2015 Jun 17;10(6):e0130319. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130319. eCollection

2015.

Modulation of Higher-Order Olfaction

Components on Executive Functions in

Humans.

Fagundo AB1, Jiménez-Murcia S2, Giner-Bartolomé C1, Islam MA1 , de la Torre R3, Pastor

A4, Casanueva FF5, Crujeiras AB5, Granero R6, Baños R7, Botella C8, Fernández-Real JM9,

Frühbeck G10, Gómez-Ambrosi J10, Menchón JM11, Tinahones FJ12, Fernández-Aranda F2.

Author information:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=26086921http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Fagundo%20AB%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Jim%C3%A9nez-Murcia%20S%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Giner-Bartolom%C3%A9%20C%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Islam%20MA%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=de%20la%20Torre%20R%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Pastor%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Pastor%20A%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Casanueva%20FF%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Crujeiras%20AB%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Granero%20R%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ba%C3%B1os%20R%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Botella%20C%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Fern%C3%A1ndez-Real%20JM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Fr%C3%BChbeck%20G%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=G%C3%B3mez-Ambrosi%20J%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Mench%C3%B3n%20JM%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Tinahones%20FJ%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Fern%C3%A1ndez-Aranda%20F%5BAuthor%5D&cauthor=true&cauthor_uid=26083418http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.32326

1Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain;

CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III,

Madrid, Spain.

2Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain;

CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III,

Madrid, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of

Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

3CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III,

Madrid, Spain; Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group,

Neuroscience Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute),

Barcelona, Spain.

4CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III,

Madrid, Spain; Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group,

Neuroscience Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute),

Barcelona, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma

de Barcelona, Spain.

5CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III,

Madrid, Spain; Endocrine Division, Complejo Hospitalario U. de Santiago, Santiago de

Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

6CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III,

Madrid, Spain; Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia, Universitat Autònoma de

Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

7CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III,

Madrid, Spain; Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment of the

University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.

8CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III,

Madrid, Spain; Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology of the University

Jaume I, Castelló, Spain.

9CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III,

Madrid, Spain; Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació

Biomèdica de Girona (IdlBGi) Hospital Dr Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain.

10CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III,

Madrid, Spain; Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University

of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.

11Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain;

Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona,

Spain; CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERsam), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.

12CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III,

Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario

Virgen de Victoria, Málaga, Spain.

Abstract

The prefrontal (PFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) appear to be associated with both

executive functions and olfaction. However, there is little data relating olfactory processing

and executive functions in huma