1 IUOE National Training Fund National HAZMAT Program 1 Guidance on Creating Strong Partnerships between Operating Engineers and Urban Search & Rescue

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1IUOE National Training FundNational HAZMAT Program

Guidance on Creating Strong Partnerships between Operating

Engineers and Urban Search & Rescue

Teams


DisclaimerThis material was produced under grant number 46C6-HT33 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

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There is a guidance document on which this presentation is based

“Building Alliances Between Operating Engineers and Emergency Responders to Save Lives During Disasters”

Available through the National HAZMAT Program

304-253-8674

www.iuoeiettc.org

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Learning ObjectivesAt the end of this module, you should be able to:

• Explain the term “Skilled Support Personnel” (SSP) and describe the importance of their contribution during disasters, giving examples

• Explain the importance of the OSHA Disaster Site Worker course for SSP training

• Explain the role, skills and training of Urban Search and Rescue (US&R) Teams

• Explain why the partnership between IUOE Locals and State US&R teams is so important

• Describe the difference between FEMA and State US&R teams• Explain how to initiate or join an alliance of US&R and IUOE Locals

in your community• List several safety issues that emergency response personnel

should know about working around heavy equipment

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Background on this module• The National HAZMAT Program was

instrumental in developing OSHA’s Disaster Site Worker course and has been funded by OSHA to create this module.

• This module provides practical guidance on building alliances between Operating Engineers and US&R teams.

• The module also contains lessons learned from ongoing and successful alliances.

• This module is based on a guidance document available for free by calling 304-253-8674 or send email to [email protected]


Operating EngineersFirst part of the allianceOperating EngineersFirst part of the alliance

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The International Union of Operating Engineers

A union with a long history of disaster response

• 119 local unions nationwide representing 360,000 members

• Hoisting & Portable (H&P) – operate heavy equipment on construction sites

• Stationary Engineers – operate building systems in offices, schools, hospitals, chemical plants and water treatment facilities

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The International Union of Operating Engineers

Responses to disasters

• San Francisco and LA earthquakes

• Oklahoma City

• Ground Zero

• The Pentagon

• Space shuttle disaster

• Hurricanes Katrina and Rita

• San Francisco and LA earthquakes

• Oklahoma City

• Ground Zero

• The Pentagon

• Space shuttle disaster

• Hurricanes Katrina and Rita

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Ground ZeroResponse of the National HAZMAT Program

• Arrived onsite within days of the towers collapse

• Stayed until the end of the cleanup

• Distributed 11,000 respirators• Collected air samples on heavy

equipment operators• Delivered official training to

1,500 workers• Participated in site safety mtgs

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Hurricanes Katrina and RitaResponses of the National HAZMAT Team

and IUOE Locals

• Printed and distributed over 10,000 copies of main safety booklet for responders

• Provided training to federal responders in the Gulf

• Moved thousands of tons of debris

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The Sago Mine DisasterStationary Engineers developed models of

air flow inside the mine after the disaster as part of the investigation

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Capabilities of the National HAZMAT Program

• Based in Beckley, WV

• Provided safety and health training to over 285,000 workers over last 17 years

• Trained largest number of workers in OSHA Disaster Site Worker course in Region III

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Capabilities of the National HAZMAT Program (2)

• Can be activated by FEMA under National Response Plan to conduct training

• Offers training for free– HAZWOPER– OSHA10- and OSHA 30-Hour– OSHA Disaster Site Worker 7600 and 5600

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Rescue

Chaotic

Risk taking

Short

Frenetic

Recovery

Planning

No risking lives

Longer than rescue

Paced

Clean-up

Normal construction

Risks better understood

Stages of a disaster

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Disaster response capabilities of IUOE H&P Locals

1. Pre-disaster Planning Event 2. Rescue 3. Recovery 4. Clean-up

TRAINING AND PREPARATION QUICK REACTION NORMAL CONSTRUCTION

Provides a broad range of training, including:

Provides Skilled Support:

Disaster Site Worker Technical advice to Incident CommanderOSHA 10 Hour Construction Liaison between team and contractors Heavy equipment operation40-Hour HAZWOPER Heavy equipment operation Possible rigging8-Hour HAZWOPER Refresher Debris removal Safety trainingTrenching rescue Possible rigging Continued support to authoritiesConfined space rescue Just-in-time trainingCrane certification Provision of respiratorsRespirator training and fit testing Respirator fit testing

Provides basic construction service

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Disaster response capabilities of IUOE Stationary Locals

1. Pre-disaster Planning Event 2. Rescue 3. Recovery 4. Clean-up

TRAINING AND PREPARATION QUICK REACTION NORMAL CONSTRUCTION

Conducts training and engineer licensing; conducts team training with H&P

Continues to control building systems in damaged and nearby buildings.

Serves as an Immediate Responder because already present in the building; averts collateral damage by controlling building systems between event and when help arrives; facilitates shelter-in-place, if needed.

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Who are Skilled Support Personnel?

• Under OSHA’s HAZWOPER Standard, 29 CFR 1910.120(q)(4):

“personnel, not necessarily an employer's own employees, who are skilled in the operation of certain equipment, such as mechanized earth moving or digging equipment or crane and hoisting equipment, and who are needed temporarily to perform immediate emergency support work that cannot reasonably be performed in a timely fashion by an employer's own employees, and who will be or may be exposed to the hazards at an emergency response scene.”

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What training is required for Skilled Support Personnel?

• Under OSHA’s HAZWOPER Standard only a site briefing of no specific length is needed

• That has proven unsatisfactory• Training at Ground Zero: 3 hours long, 3

months after the destruction• This was reason for Disaster Site Worker

course and designation of SSP as “first responders” under HSPD-8

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Reason for this module:Safety and health timeline at WTCEvents timeline after World Trade Center Attack

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48

36

7

0

0 20 40 60 80 100

First formal training onsite

Issuance of S&H plan

Fit tests offered widely onsite

First personal sample taken

Terrorist attack

Days after attack

Safety training was 3 hours long and wasn’t provided

until 78 days after towers fell!

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Reason for this module:The need for better communication

(TOPOFF 2 example)

• May 12, 2003, largest national drill, involved mock radioactive “dirty” bomb in Seattle

• Crane operator came to site but did nothing and hadn’t been pre-qualified

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Reason for this module: (TOPOFF 2 example)

• Operating Engineers within several hours drive were trained on radiation safety and to operate equipment in Level B PPE

• Incident Commander did not know about them and they were never called!


Reason for this module:Reason for this module:

Over 60 percent of the Skilled Support Personnel who were at Ground Zero

are still having health problems.

Herbert, R. et al. (2006, Dec.). Environ Health Perspectives.


Urban Search & RescueSecond part of the Alliance

Connecticut Task Force One search specialists using

equipment.

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National Urban Search and Rescue Response System

• Framework for integrating local services into disaster response task forces

• 28 national US&R task forces in U.S.• Any can be activated and deployed by FEMA

under National Incident Management System• Team must have personnel and equipment

ready to go within 6 hours of activation• Each task force has 70 specialists, divided into

two 35-member teams for rotation and relief

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National Incident Management System (NIMS)

Came out of HSPD-5, Management of Domestic Incidents

• Directed Dept. of Homeland Security to create the National Response Plan

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NIMS Key Concepts and Principles1. Flexibility

2. Standardization through Incident Command System

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NIMS 14 Essential Features(FEMA, ICS Basic Information)

1. Common terminology

2. Modular organization

3. Management by objectives

4. Reliance on an Incident Action Plan

5. Chain of Command and Unity of Command

6. Unified command

7. Manageable span of control

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NIMS 14 Essential Features(continued)

8. Predesignated incident locations and facilities

9. Resource management

10. Information and intelligence

management

11. Integrated communications

12. Transfer of command

13. Accountability

14. Deployment

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National Urban Search and Rescue functional elements

Task Force Leader

Search Rescue Planning Logistics Medical

Safety

Hazmat/WMD

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Task Force Operations:As one unit or divided into separate units

• Search• Rescue• Advance life support

(crush syndrome and confined space medicine)

• Structural assessment• Hazmat assessments• Heavy equipment

operations

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FEMA’s US&R Structurewith numbers in each function

Heavy Rigging

Specialist (2)

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FEMA Incident Command System

From FEMA’s ICS training manual 9-05

US&Rs

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FEMA Incident Command SystemFunctional diagram


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FEMA Planning “P”


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Capabilities of FEMA US&R teams• Search and rescue operations in damaged

or collapsed structures • Operations in weapons-of-mass-

destruction environment • Emergency medical care for entrapped

victims, task force personnel and search canines

• Assessment/shut-off of utilities to houses and other buildings

• Hazardous materials evaluations • Structural and hazard evaluations of

buildings • Stabilization of damaged structures,

including shoring and cribbing operations• Quick deployment with the team of

62,000-pound equipment caches

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Task Force CapabilitiesManagement

• Task Force Leader• Safety Officer• Planning Manager• Search Manager• Rescue Manager• Logistics Manager• Medical Manager• Functions — provides overall management and

coordination of task force operations.

Connecticut Task Force OneConnecticut Task Force One

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Command Staff Responsibility

• The overall management of the Task Force including Command, Planning, Logistics, Safety and Training.

• Carrying out the missions of the program, as well as the development and completion of all team objectives.

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Safety Officer Responsibility

Monitoring and assessing the safety aspects of the Task Force during training or at an incident.

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Task Force CapabilitiesSearch Component

• Canine Search Specialists

• Technical Search Specialists

Biloxi, MI 9-3-2005 Indiana Task Force 1 search for victims of Hurricane Katrina

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Search ComponentTechnical Search

• Trained to use broad range of equipment for detecting victims by noise, thermal and visual observation

• Trained on equipment for detecting hazards to the team Indiana Task Force 1 checks for

hazardous gases in Biloxi, MI after Katrina

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Technical Search ComponentEquipment of NJ-TF1

– Advanced Optical Search Equipment

• Snake Eye Camera• Borescope/Fiberscope• Videoscope• SearchCam 2000• Generation III Night Vision• Thermal Imaging

– Advanced Seismic/Acoustic Search Equipment

• Delsar Acoustical Listening Device

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Rescue Componentconsists of….

• Rescue Managers

• Rescue Squad Officers

• Rescue Specialists

• Heavy Rigging Specialists

• Law Enforcement Specialists

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Rescue TechniciansResponsibilities

• Performing victim rescues at incidents requiring specialized technical skills in areas such as rope use, structural collapse, confined space and trench

• Breaching, breaking and shoring of collapsed structures

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Planning Componentconsists of….

• Planning Managers

• Technical Information Specialists

• Structural Specialists

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Planning Component

• Planning Managers assist in creation of Incident Action Plan

• Technical Information Specialists document incident and provide accountability

• Structure Specialists are licensed engineers who specialize in building collapse and triage

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Planning Componentis responsible for….

• Establishing work goals • Developing operational

plans for work periods • Coordinating

communication efforts• Assessing structural

components & stability• Accountability of team

members

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Logistics Componentconsists of….

• Logistics Managers• Communications

Specialists• Logistics / Support

Specialists

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Logistics Componentis responsible for….

Issuing, maintaining, and repairing all of the equipment assigned to the taskforce cache.

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Medical Componentconsists of….

• Medical Managers

• Medical Specialists called DMAT

(Disaster Medical Assistance Team)

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Medical ComponentResponsibility

• Specializing in extended pre-hospital emergency care

• Treatment of disaster victims

• Health and welfare of Task Force members and canine search and rescue dogs

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Hazardous Materials Componentconsists of….

• Haz-Mat Managers• Haz-Mat Technicians

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Hazardous Materials Componentis responsible for….

• Conducting air monitoring

• Assessing hazardous conditions

• Developing, implementing and overseeing decontamination

• Operating in a variety of hazardous atmospheres in support of team operations

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Law Enforcementconsists of….

• Personnel from municipal police departments

• Often State Police

• Connecticut State Police in this photo

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Law Enforcement Componentis responsible for….

• Collecting, processing and maintaining the integrity of physical evidence that may be related to the cause of the disaster

• Meeting any legal requirements of the court for that jurisdiction

• Acting as a liaison between the Task Force Leader and the other law enforcement agencies

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State US&R Teams• Most, but not all, states have their own

US&R team that can be activated irrespective of FEMA’s action

• State team’s often differ from FEMA teams, based on hazards of the area

• Examples: swift water

rescue, NJ-TF1 pictured

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Success Story #1Local 825 and New Jersey Task Force One

• In 2003, Local 825 arranged heavy equipment for NJ-TF1

• Two weeks later, Tropicana parking lot collapsed. They were ready!

• NJ-TF1 started in 1997 and has 220+ members

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Point of Union Liaisonwith NJ-TF1

Point of Union Liaison

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Both Local 825 and NJ-TF1 served with distinction at WTC

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Lessons Learned from the Partnership of Local 825 and NJ-TF1

• Members of task force must meet with the contractors and discuss available equipment

• Arrangements must be made to get SSP and equipment to the site

• Credentials for the Task Force must be established beforehand– In NJ, Operators are designated “Support Specialists”– Must have HAZWOPER, OSHA10-hour and OSHA

Disaster Site Worker (OSHA Program Card)– Crane operators must be NJ certified (CCO)

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Lessons Learned (2)

• Unions should have Business Agents trained in OSHA Disaster Site Worker

• Team must jointly develop checklist of equipment needed, prior to event

• Task Force must be strict on training – everyone must be current to get on site

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Success Story #2Local 324 and Michigan Urban Search & Rescue

• Local 324 in Livonia, Michigan has been working with MUSAR since 1999

• MUSAR was formed in 1990 to:– Expand opportunity to include the remainder of the

state. Only 50 (approximately) of 1147 fire departments in Michigan have personnel that are trained for technical rescue

– Improve coverage – most teams are in the south (90% of rescues from collapsed buildings occur within first 2 hours)

– Develop and deliver training for task force management personnel

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Organization Chart for MUSARShowing Liaison with Union

Task Force Leader(2)

Planning Officer (2)

Safety Officer (2)

Search Team Search Team Manager (2)

Rescue TeamRescue Team Manager (2)

Medical TeamMedical Team Manager (2)

Technical TeamTechnical Team Manager (2)

Canine SearchSpecialist (2)


Technical SearchSpecialist (2)

Rescue Team(Officer and 5 Specialists)




Medical Specialists (2)

MedicalSpecialists (2)

StructureSpecialists (2)

HAZMATSpecialists (2)

Heavy Rigging andEquipment Specialists (2)

Communication Specialists

Technical InformationSpecialists (2)

Logistics Specialists (4)

Local 324 Liaison

Task Force Leader(2)

Planning Officer (2)

Safety Officer (2)

Search Team Search Team Manager (2)

Rescue TeamRescue Team Manager (2)

Medical TeamMedical Team Manager (2)

Technical TeamTechnical Team Manager (2)



Technical SearchSpecialist (2)





Medical Specialists (2)

MedicalSpecialists (2)

StructureSpecialists (2)

HAZMATSpecialists (2)

Heavy Rigging andEquipment Specialists (2)

Communication Specialists

Technical InformationSpecialists (2)

Logistics Specialists (4)

Local 324 Liaison

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Major Success: Development of the MUSAR Homeland Security

Training Facility

Major Success: Development of the MUSAR Homeland Security

Training Facility

View of construction of the confined space facility

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Dedication Day Sept. 7, Dedication Day Sept. 7, 20052005

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Success Story #3Local 478 and Connecticut Task Force One

• Local 478: 4,000 members and advanced training capabilities, including crane simulator

• CT-TF1 is working towards MOU between State and Local 478

CT-TF1 responding to a propane gas explosion in Colchester, CT, September 9, 2004.

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CT-TF1 Base of Operation

• 269 Maxim Rd. (Brainard Field) Hartford, CT

• Share facilities with – CT State Police – CT- Disaster Medical

Assistance Team– CT- Office of Emergency

Management– Coast Guard Auxiliary – Civil Air Patrol


Training Needs of Members of the Alliance

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Training for Operating EngineersNIMS Training

• Intro to Incident Command System IS-100

• Basic Incident Command System IS-200

• Intro to National Incident Management System (IS-700)

• Intro to National Response Plan (IS-800)

These are available for free online at: http://training.fema.gov/emiweb/

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Training for Operating EngineersOSHA Disaster Site Worker Course

• 16-hour course that the National HAZMAT Program helped create

• Offered by National HAZMAT Program

• Requires donning and doffing respirators

• Covers ICS for construction workers

• Covers Critical Incident Stress Management

• #7600 for workers, #5600 for instructors

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OSHA Disaster Site Worker CourseProgram versus Course Card

For Program Card, must have:• OSHA 10-hour Construction (or 30-hour)• 16-hour Disaster Site Worker (7600)• Current on HAZWOPER

Course Card, must have:• OSHA 10-hour Construction (or 30-hour)• 16-hour Disaster Site Worker (7600)

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Heavy Equipment and Rigging Specialist

• NFPA 1670, Standard on Operations and Training for Technical Search and Rescue Incidents describes training for riggers

• IUOE members are serving in this capacity on some State US&R teams

• Rigging specialist reports directly to Rescue Team Leader

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Considerable training is needed to be a US&R team member!

CT-TF1 practicing rope rescues


Safety Issues for Team Considerations

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Eye level 7 ft - 0 in aboveground level

27’ 2”

17’ 8”

16’ 4”

Operator sight distancesfrom eye level to ground

Vehicle:MobileHydraulic Crane

10’ 0”

15’ 9”

3’ 0”

25’ 5”

Area of fullyobstructed view for operator

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Uncontrolled materials in buckets pose serious risks

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So does uncontrolled debris in trucks

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PPE Concerns for US&Rs at structural collapses (RAND, 2006)

• Fires or high temperature requires structural firefighting ensemble (NFPA 1971, 2000a)

• Additional biological protection is needed

• Additional respiratory protection is needed

New Jersey Task Force One at Ground Zero

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20 Questions Illustrating Difficulty of Ordering a Crane (Taken from FEMA)

1. Who are you and what are you doing?2. How quickly do you want a machine?3. What do you intend for this machine to do?

Pick and swing? Pick and carry? Lift small objects at large distances?

4. Will multiple machines be needed? (Second machine to set up primary machine.)

5. What are the capabilities of the onsite crew? (Are they qualified to assist with set up?)

6. If this machine is for a single task, what is the load weight and what is the load radius?

7. If this is for multiple tasks, what are several combinations of load and distance?

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20 Questions Illustrating Difficulty of Ordering a Crane (2)

8. Will this task require pick and carry capability?9. What are the limits of room available for operation of

the machine? Overhead clearance, tail swing clearance, underground obstructions?

10. Is there a place to assemble boom (if lattice) and crane (counterweights)? Including room for assisting crane?

11. Are there limitations on delivery of crane or parts? Posted bridges, low clearances, underground utilities?

12. What areas of operation are anticipated? Over rear, Over side, Over front, On rubber?

13. Are two crane (simultaneous) picks anticipated?14. Will work be performed on a continuous (24 hr) basis?

Is auxiliary lighting available?

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20 Questions Illustrating Difficulty of Ordering a Crane (3)

15. Will radio communication be required to control load? Are dedicated radios available?

16. How much boom is required? Are special boom features (offset, open-throat) needed?

17. What size hook block is needed? Are shackles to fit hook available?

18. Will jib be needed? Jib length? Offset? Load?19. Are additional rigging components needed?

Load cell, lift beams, slings, shackles?20. Who is the contact person and who is the

person directing the rigging operations?


“The main goal of the Alliance is to unite the USAR world so we

can all work together. We're looking for what is best for the

common good. That's what we're all about.”

Jim Riley, SUSAR Alliance Chairman and National HAZMAT Program Steering

Committee member

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Questions?

National HAZMAT Program1293 Airport Road, Beaver, WV

25813304.253.8674

www.iuoeiettc.org

Questions?

National HAZMAT Program1293 Airport Road, Beaver, WV

25813304.253.8674

www.iuoeiettc.org

Documents

1 IUOE National Training Fund National HAZMAT Program 1 Guidance on Creating Strong Partnerships between Operating Engineers and Urban Search & Rescue