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ITEC0724 Modern Related Technology on

Mobile D. : Introduction to Cloud Computing

Lecture Notes #1

Background Brief

Dr. Suronapee Phoomvuthisarn PhD in CSE, University of New South Wales, 2011 National ICT Australia (2008 - 2011)

Research interests in software architecture Service Economics, Cloud Computing

Work History: Mahanakorn University of Technology (Since

2007) Position: รองคณบดี�ฝ่ายกิ�จกิารนั�กิศึ�กิษาและประชาสั�มพั�นั

http://www.it.mut.ac.th/new/index.php/personal/view/9 Email : suronape@mut.ac.th

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Intro Class objectives Materials

Text Sosinsky, B., (2011), Cloud Computing Bible, Wiley. Articles

Grading policy Lab 7/12/13, 28/12/13 , 4/1/14 Exercises/Presentations/Group

Discussions Project on Cloud-based Mobile

Applications

Learning Outcome

Understand the fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing

Evaluate and select an appropriate public cloud provider by applying the theoretical concepts and practical techniques from the course.

Analyse and explain key aspects of building for and/or migrating systems to Cloud such as costs involved, potential benefits, security issues, regulatory concerns, and standards.

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Learning Outcome (2)

Understand the fundamental concepts of Mobile Cloud Computing

Provide a detailed description of technologies and approaches enabling Mobile Cloud computing originated from Cloud such as virtualization (Will have a lab next week).

Describe different concepts and mechanisms underpinning Mobile Cloud Computing such as architecture, security, applications and its potential impacts on businesses.

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Outline

What is Cloud Computing? Main Aspects of a Cloud System

through the cloud map Cloud service models Cloud provider Cloud benefits Cloud challenges Summary

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Cloud

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What is Cloud Computing?

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“Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.”

(A definition by NIST, 2011)

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Market Forecast

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Main Aspects of a Cloud System: Cloud map

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Features (or Characteristics) Distributed computing at a

massive scale On demand elasticity Exploiting existing

technologies such as “Virtualization”

Pay per use model Multi-tenancy

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What is different? Scale - Some companies that rely on

cloud computing have infrastructures that scale over several (or more) data centers, Amazon & YouTube

Simplicity –simpler computing APIs Pricing –pay as you use and No upfront

capital expenditure –from investment to operational cost

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What is different? (2)

Availability of infinite computing resources on demand to follow the load surges; eliminating the need for planning far ahead for provisioning

No requirements for an up-front commitment and enabling companies to start small and increase resources only when the need increases

The ability to pay for use of computing resources on a short-term basis as needed (for example, processors by the hour and storage by the day) and release them as needed, thereby rewarding conservation by letting machines and storage go when they are no longer useful.

Cloud Models

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Cloud Service Models

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Modified from Building the cloud Virtualized Optical WAN

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Also known as Datacenter as a Service Hardware virtualized in cloud based on demand

Service vendor owns equipment A user creates virtual hardware for deploying applications

or platform for developing application Incredibly disruptive technology for utility computing A typical eCommerce system will have

Web server, Application server, File server, Database, Transaction engine, & other types of servers

Fundamental unit of virtualized client is workload

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IaaS: Pods, Aggregation, & Failover

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สัามารถกิารย�าย virtual machine โดียกิารย�ายไปย�"งอ�กิ Storage หนั�"ง

vMotion

vSphere

Layer 2 Network

local local

vSphere

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Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) –Virtual machines and CPU cycles

Simple Storage Service (S3) –Virtual storage service

Simple Queue Service (SQS) –Message passing API

SimpleDB–Running queries on structured data in real time –works with EC2 and S3

AWS Management Console

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Amazon EC2 Pricing

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Platform as a Service (PaaS)

A software environment that provides development and deployment environment and tools (e.g., application development, database development, storage, testing, etc.)

A platform can be specific to a language, application framework, or other constructs

PaaS system must also support the development of interfaces with technologies like HTML, JavaScript

Vendor lock-in is quite considerable –migrating a python application written for Google’s API

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PaaS Model Services

A set of technologies and tools Collaboration –Multiple people can work

together Data management –Accessing and using data Instrumentation, performance, and testing Storage service with the same vendor or a

third party Transaction management services or

brokerage services for managing transactions

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Google App Engine

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Windows Azure

Windows Azure –Service hosting and management, storage, computation, networking

Microsoft SQL Services –Database services and reporting

Microsoft .NetServices –Service-based implementation of .NET framework

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Software as a Service (SaaS) Also known as application as a Service Any application that is delivered over the

platform of the web. Major Categories of SaaS

Line of Business Services Business solutions offered to companies based on

subscription fee, e.g., CRM and Supply Chain Management

Customer-oriented Services Services offered to general public, most free Business models are based on advertising revenue

(e.g., You Tube)

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SaaS Characteristics

Browser based on demand availability, different kinds of licenses

Responsibilities -Vendors and Users Cheaper compared with shrink-wrapped

versions, lowering entry barriers Compatibility among all users’ software Shared data model for multiple users

through single instance, multi-tenancy

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Some of the SaaS Providers Intuit

Quikbooks and Quikbook online Phone and Blackberry capabilities

Google Google Apps (Standard and Premier Edition)

Microsoft Microsoft Office Live Small Business &

Office 365 IBM

Blue Cloud

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Potential Advantages

Faster time to market and improved productivity with lower cost

Eliminate the need to install and maintain

Fast upgrades of new features and patches

Provision of application developed using very mature processes and practices

Companies can focus on core business29

Potential Disadvantages

Maturity in designing multi-tenant applications

Required cultural and organizational changes

Difficult to translate business models Some applications not suitable for

this model Need to comply with the vendors’

constraints

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Service Models and their risks

31Modified from Cloud Computing Impact on future enterprise architectures, Schekkerman, J.

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Is Cloud Computing for Me?

For end users Cost reduction: From capital investment to

operational expense (pay-per-use) Ease of use via standardized mechanisms, e.g.

Browser Flexibility and short time-to-result

Services (or application) providers Reduction of the entrance barrier Reduction of time to market

Private cloud provider Maximize the utilisation of computing resources

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Benefits of Cloud Computing On-demand self-service Broad network access Resource pooling Rapid elasticity Measured service Lower costs (not always) Ease of utilization Quality of Service (not always) Reliability (not always) Outsourced IT management Simplified maintenance and upgrade Low barrier to entry

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Some of the Challenges!!! Security

Would my data be more secure with Cloud provider? Interoperability

Significant risk of vendor lock-in –Standardized interfaces not available, incompatible programming models Reliability

Use of commodity hardware, prone to failure Laws and regulations

Privacy, security, and location of data storage Organizational changes

Changing authorities of IT departments, compliance policies Cost

Purchase vs. Lease? Network Latency

How long does it take to send 1 TB over 20Mbps in WAN

Virtualization Technology

Virtualization is the creation of a virtual (rather than actual) version of something, such as a hardware platform, operating system (OS), storage device, or network resources.

Two type of Virtualization Server consolidation High performance computing

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What is VMware?

All require same physical space.

All require same power. Reconfiguration and setup Support and maintenance

What is VMware? Flexibility Rapid provisioning Disaster Recovery High Availability Automation Systems Management

integration Adaptive Data Center

Virtualization Infrastructure

InterconnectPool

CPUPool

MemoryPool

StoragePool

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

Websphere Exchange File/Print

Virtual Infrastructure

Virtualization Infrastructure

InterconnectPool

CPUPool

MemoryPool

StoragePool

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

APP

OS

Websphere Exchange File/Print

Virtual Infrastructure

Virtualization type

Server virtualization Desktop virtualization Storage virtualization Network virtualization Memory virtualization Application virtualization

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Server Virtualization

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Desktop Virtualization

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Benefits of Virtualization

Virtualization supports “Abstraction” Virtualization is a key enabler of abstraction

and cloud computing –logical address (id) for extendable and scalable physical resources

Virtualization supports Load balancing A load balancer listens to service request

and uses a scheduling algorithm to assign the request

Keeps the record of a request’s session to support a failover for the request

Porting applications between vendors

How Virtualization works

Hypervisor A low level program that provides system resources

access to virtual machines Hypervisor is also called Virtual Machine Monitor

(VMM) One level higher than the supervisory program for a

hardware and/or hardware & OS Two types of Hypervisor

Type 1 or full virtualization (Oracle VM, Vmware ESX) Type 2 or para-virtualization (Xen)

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Types of Hypervisors

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Types of Hypervsiors : Reproduced Figure 5.1 from Sosinsky, B., Cloud Computing Bible, 2011.

References

Armbrust, M., et al., 2010, A View of Cloud Computing, ACM, 53(4), pp. 50-58.

Zhang, Q., Cheng, L., Boutaba, R., Cloud Coomputing: state-of-the-art and research challenges, Journal of Internet Services and Applications, 2010, 1:7-18.

The Future of Cloud Computing: Opportunities for European Cloud Computing Beyond 2010.

Chapter 3,4,5,7 Sosinsky, B., Cloud Computing Bible, Wiley, 2011

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Thank you!!

Question?

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