Upload
leah-morse
View
214
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
1
Introduction toSafety Management
April 2006
2
ObjectiveObjective
The objective of this presentation is to highlight some of the basic elements of Safety Management.
Three important aspects will be considered:
The ICAO provisions and guidelines related to Safety Management
What is Safety – and how do we perceive it? The Concept of Safety Management
3
SAFETY MANAGEMENT – SAFETY MANAGEMENT – BASELINEBASELINE
The provision in ICAO Annex 11 The provision in ICAO Annex 13 The provision in ICAO Annex 14 PANS-ATM doc 4444 (chapter 2) Draft ICAO Safety Management Manual
(Doc 9859) Integra’s experience in Safety
Management Internationally available standards and
guidelines
4
ICAO PROVISIONSICAO PROVISIONS
Annex 11, Section 2.26.1: States shall implement systematic and appropriate
ATS safety management programmes to ensure that safety is maintained in the provision of ATS within airspaces and at aerodromes.
Annex 11, Section 2.26.2: As of 27 November 2003, the acceptable level of
safety and safety objectives applicable to the provision of ATS within airspaces and at aerodromes shall be established by the State or States concerned.
5
ICAO PROVISIONSICAO PROVISIONS
Annex 11, Section 2.26.4: An ATS safety management programme shall:
Identify actual and potential hazards and determine the need for remedial action;
Ensure that remedial action necessary to maintain an acceptable level of safety is implemented; and
provide for continuous monitoring and regular assessment of the safety level achieved.
6
ICAO PROVISIONSICAO PROVISIONS
Annex 11, Section 2.26.5: Any significant safety-related change to the ATM
system, including the implementation of a reduced vertical separation minimum or a new procedure, shall only be effected after a safety assessment has demonstrated that an acceptable level of safety will be met and users have been consulted.
When appropriate, the responsible authority shall ensure that adequate provision is made for post-implementation monitoring to verify that the defined level of safety continues to be met
7
ICAO PROVISIONS (PANS-ATM DOC ICAO PROVISIONS (PANS-ATM DOC 4444)4444)
Doc 4444, Section 2.6.1.1: A safety assessment shall be carried out in respect of
proposals for significant airspace reorganizations, for significant changes in the provision of ATS procedures applicable to an airspace or an aerodrome, and for the introduction of new equipment, systems or facilities, such as:
A reduced separation minimum to be applied within an airspace or at an aerodrome;
A new operating procedure, including departure and arrival procedures, to be applied within an airspace or at an aerodrome;
A reorganization of the ATS route structure; A resectorization of an airspace; Physical changes to the layout of runways and/or taxiways at an
aerodrome; and Implementation of new communications, surveillance or other
safety-significant systems and equipment, including those providing new functionality and/or capabilities;
8
ICAO PROVISIONS (PANS-ATM DOC ICAO PROVISIONS (PANS-ATM DOC 4444)4444)
Doc 4444, Section 2.5: Safety reviews of ATS units shall be conducted on a regular
and systematic basis by personnel qualified…. The scope of ATS unit safety reviews should include at least
the following issues: Communications, navigation, surveillance and other safety
significant systems and equipment: Are tested for normal operations on a routine basis; Meet the required level of reliability and availability as
defined by the appropriate authority; Provide for the timely and appropriate detection and warning
of system failures and degradations; Include documentation on the consequences of system, sub-
system and equipment failures and degradations; Include measures to control the probability of failures and
degradations; and Detailed records of systems and equipment serviceability are
kept and periodically reviewed.
9
ICAO PROVISIONS (Annex 14)ICAO PROVISIONS (Annex 14)
Annex 14 – Aerodromes Chapter 1.3.6
As of 24 November 2005, a certified aerodrome shall have in operation a safety management system.
Safety Management System A system for the management of safety at
aerodromes, including the organizational structure, responsibilities, procedures, processes and provisions for the implementation of aerodromes safety policies by an aerodrome operator, which provides for control of safety at, and the safe use of, the aerodrome.
10
ATM SYSTEM (DEFINITION)ATM SYSTEM (DEFINITION)
People Equipment
Procedures
SeniorManagement
ATCOs
Support
Engineers
Maintenance Operating
Surveillance
Communication
Navaids
Information
11
SafetySafety
What is Safety?Why do we do it?
12
DefinitionsDefinitions
Safety: A condition in which the risk of harm or damage
is limited to an acceptable level Safety Management System
A system for the management of safety including the organizational structure, responsibilities, procedures, processes and provisions for the implementation of the safety policies in order to provide for the control of safety
13
DefinitionsDefinitions
Risk The probable rate of occurrence of a hazard
causing harm and the degree of severity of the harm:
Risk = Severity * Probability
14
THE CONCEPT OF SAFETY THE CONCEPT OF SAFETY MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
Philosophy of Safety
Management
Philosophy of Safety
Management
SafetyMonitoring
SafetyAssessment
SafetyAuditing
SafetyPromotion
SafetyPolicy
Supportingorganizationalrequirement
Maintenance orImprovement
of SafetyPerformance
Safety Management
Safety Culture
Safety Culture
15
Philosophy of Safety Philosophy of Safety ManagementManagement
Explicit
Systematic
Proactive
Philosophy of Safety
Management
Philosophy of Safety
Management
16
Safety PolicySafety Policy
Overall safety objective of the organization Commitment of senior management to meet safety
performance targets Commitment by the organization to a proactive and
systematic approach to the management of safety Commitment by the organization to making
maintenance of safety its highest priority The organization’s policy concerning responsibility
and accountability for safety at all levels of the organization
SafetyPolicy
17
Safety CultureSafety Culture
Managers in top positions foster a climate with a positive attitude towards criticism, comments and feedback from lower level of the organization
Awareness of the importance of communicating relevant safety information at all levels of the organization is present;
Low incidence of risk taking behavior and a safety ethic discouraging such behavior.
Safety Culture
Safety Culture
18
Safety MonitoringSafety Monitoring
Specify Safety Performance Indicators Set Safety Performance Targets Develop & implement appropriate data
collection procedures Safety Occurrence Reporting & Investigation System
Develop and implement monitoring processes
SafetyMonitoring
SafetyAssessment
SafetyAuditing
SafetyPromotion
19
Safety MonitoringSafety MonitoringOccurrence Reporting and Investigation Occurrence Reporting and Investigation
SystemSystem
Establishment of reporting culture
Mandatory/Voluntary
Non-punitive
Just Culture
SafetyMonitoring
SafetyAssessment
SafetyAuditing
SafetyPromotion
20
Safety AssessmentSafety Assessment
Seven step approach
Develop complete description of the system and of the environment in which the system is to be operated
Identification of hazards Estimation of severity of potential consequences Estimate of likelihood of hazard occurring Evaluation of risk Mitigation of risk Development of safety assessment documentation
SafetyMonitoring
SafetyAssessment
SafetyAuditing
SafetyPromotion
21
Safety AuditingSafety Auditing
Ensure that risks are identified and the potential for causing or contributing to an incident are recognized
Ensure that the “health” of the safety management system
Ensure that adequate arrangements exist to handle foreseeable emergencies
Ensure that equipment performance is adequate for the safety performance
Ensure that effective arrangements exist for promoting safety, monitoring safety performance and processing safety issues
SafetyMonitoring
SafetyAssessment
SafetyAuditing
SafetyPromotion
22
Safety PromotionSafety Promotion
Promulgation of Safety Management
Lesson Dissemination
Continuous awareness campaigns on safety management
SafetyMonitoring
SafetyAssessment
SafetyAuditing
SafetyPromotion
23
Supporting Organizational Supporting Organizational RequirementsRequirements
Responsibility and accountability
Safety Manager / Safety Organization
Training and competency of personnel
Safety documentation
Supportingorganizationalrequirement
24
Safety CultureSafety Culture
Managers in top positions foster a climate with a positive attitude towards criticism, comments and feedback from lower level of the organization
Awareness of the importance of communicating relevant safety information at all levels of the organization is present
Low incidence of risk taking behavior and a safety ethic discouraging such behavior
Safety Culture
Safety Culture
25
Safety RegulatoryFramework
WHAT IS A SAFETY WHAT IS A SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM?MANAGEMENT SYSTEM?
Policy Procedures, Instructions
and Practices Safety Monitoring Safety Assessment Safety Auditing Safety Promotion
Safety Organisation
Safety Management Manual
Safety Management Manual