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11
INDUSTRIAL WASTE INDUSTRIAL WASTE RECOVERY BEST RECOVERY BEST
PRACTICESPRACTICES
Associate Professor Dr. Sombat Teekasap
Honorarium Chairman, Environmental Management Industry Club, Advisory Board Chairman, Renewable Energy Industry Club, and
Vice Chairman, Executive Environment Institute Committee, Federation of Thai Industries,
Dean of Engineering, Eastern Asia University
22
TOPICSTOPICS Development and trends of industrial Development and trends of industrial
waste recovery in Thailandwaste recovery in Thailand Waste recovery infrastructureWaste recovery infrastructure Effective waste recovery systemEffective waste recovery system Technological development of Technological development of
industrial waste recoveryindustrial waste recovery
33
Development and trends of Development and trends of industrial waste recovery in industrial waste recovery in
ThailandThailand
44Solid Foundation for a Sustainable Society
Governmental Intervention
Multi-stakeholder Engagement
Corporate Social Responsibility
MAJOR FACTORS FOR SUCCESSFUL MAJOR FACTORS FOR SUCCESSFUL INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CONTROLINDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CONTROL
MAJOR FACTORS FOR SUCCESSFUL MAJOR FACTORS FOR SUCCESSFUL INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CONTROLINDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CONTROL
55
SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENTSUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT
Economically affordableEconomically affordable
Socially acceptableSocially acceptable
Environmentally effectiveEnvironmentally effective
66
WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGYWASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY
ReduceReduce amount of waste amount of waste generated.generated.
Develop Integrated Waste Develop Integrated Waste Management system to handle the Management system to handle the inevitable waste producedinevitable waste produced
- - ReuseReuse
- - RecycleRecycle
77
CHARACTERISTICS OF SUSTAINABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMWASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Integrated Holistic System ApproachIntegrated Holistic System Approach – – waste materials, source of waste, collection methods, treatment methods (recycling, energy recovery, anaerobic digestion, composting, landfill)
Market Oriented – materials and energy must have end use and generate income.
Flexibility Flexibility – appropriate adaptability and constant improvement.
Scale Social AcceptabilitySocial Acceptability
88
COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE VOLUME COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE VOLUME ACCORDING TO AREASACCORDING TO AREAS
AreaArea PopulationPopulation Amount of Amount of Solid WasteSolid Waste
Solid Waste Solid Waste RateRate
MillionMillion t/dt/d %% kg/day/pkg/day/p
1. Bangkok1. Bangkok 5.735.73 9,3179,317 24.124.1 1.631.63
2. Municipalities 2. Municipalities and City of and City of PattayaPattaya
11.7111.71 11,90311,903 30.830.8 1.021.02
3. Others3. Others 44.8744.87 11,42011,420 45.145.1 0.390.39
TotalTotal 62.3162.31 38,64038,640 100100 0.620.62
14.3 million tons/year 14.3 million tons/year
99
COMPOSITION OF COMMUNITY COMPOSITION OF COMMUNITY SOLID WASTESOLID WASTE
Biological materials (about 46%)Recyclable materials (about 42%)Hazardous materials (about 3%)Others (about 9%)
1010
1. Paper1. Paper 25.06%25.06%
2. Glasses2. Glasses 12.36%12.36%
3. Plastic3. Plastic 24.54%24.54%
4. Iron4. Iron 31.03%31.03%
5. Aluminum5. Aluminum 4.03%4.03%
6. Rubber 6. Rubber 2.98%2.98%
COMPOSITION OF INDUSTRIAL COMPOSITION OF INDUSTRIAL NON-HAZARDOUS WASTENON-HAZARDOUS WASTE
1111
Municipal waste Municipal waste more than 200 more than 200
tons/day tons/day
Municipal waste Municipal waste more than 100 more than 100
tons/day tons/day
Municipal waste Municipal waste more than 50 tons/day more than 50 tons/day
10 10
MunicipalitieMunicipalitiess
30 30
MunicipalitieMunicipalitiess
150 150
MunicipalitiesMunicipalities
AMOUNT CLASSIFICATION OF AMOUNT CLASSIFICATION OF MUNICIPALWASTEMUNICIPALWASTE
1212
HAZARDOUS WASTEHAZARDOUS WASTE
IndustrialIndustrial 1.700 1.700 Mton MtonCommunityCommunity 0.3800.380 Mton MtonHospitalHospital 0.0160.016 Mton Mton
1313
Hazardous Hazardous Waste 1.7 Waste 1.7
million million tons/ yeartons/ year
Non Non Hazardous Hazardous
Waste Waste 5 million 5 million tons/yeartons/year
INDUSTRIAL WASTEINDUSTRIAL WASTE
1414
Waste recovery infrastructureWaste recovery infrastructure
1515
1. Report on volume of industrial hazardous and non hazardous waste required by Ministry of Industry.
2. New law enforcement.
LAW ENFORCEMENTLAW ENFORCEMENT
1616
Factory No. 101Factory No. 101
Factory No. 105Factory No. 105
Factory No. 106Factory No. 106
Waste TreatmentWaste Treatment
Sorting/Secure LandfillSorting/Secure Landfill
RecyclingRecycling
WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANTWASTE MANAGEMENT PLANT
1717
Legal Structure for Resource Recycling Promotion Legal Structure for Resource Recycling Promotion
Basic rules, Liability of central & local governments, business enterprises, residentsPolicy of the national government Master Plan for Establishing Resource Recycling Society : Fundamental plan for other plans
Basic Law for Establishing Resource Recycling Society (Framework law) • Establishing sustainable material
cycle in human society • Saving natural resources• Reduction of environmental impact
Solid waste act Law for promotion of efficient resource utilization
Environmental Master Plan Natural environmentMobilization Material circulation in society
Basic Environmental Law
Establishing general framework
1)Waste reduction
2)Appropriate disposal (including recycle)
3)Regulation for waste treatment facility
4)Regulation for waste disposal companies
5)Regulation standard of waste disposal
Expansion & Reinforcement1)Recycling waste as resources 2)Materials & structure of considering recycle 3)Marks for segregation and recovery 4) Promotion of efficient utilization of by-products
Countermeasure for inappropriate waste disposal
Establishment of waste disposal facility by public sectors
1R 3R
Promotion of recycleAppropriate disposal of waste
Green Purchasing Law (Promotion of procurement of recycled products by governmental initiative)
Regulation according to specific materials
Full enforcement: Aug. 1996
Full enforcement: January 2001
Full enforcement: April 2001
Containers and
Packaging Recycling Law
Collection of containers and packaging by municipalities
Recycling by manufactures of containers and packages
Partly enforcement: April 1997Full enforcement: April 2000
Home Appliance Recycling Law
Waste electric appliances at households are collected by retailers
Recycling by manufactures
Full enforcement: April, 2001
Construction waste Recycling Law
Demolition work order recipients shall
Segregate demolished objects etc
Recycle demolished construction waste
Full enforcement: May, 2002
Food waste Recycling Law
Manufactures, food processing and retailers in food industry shall recycle food waste
Full enforcement: April, 2001
Source: Compiled by Kitakyushu Environment Bureau with Shigen Junkangata shakai hakusho (Resource Recycling Society White Book 2004)
Automobiles Recycling Law
Manufactures, importers, take-over companies shall take over waste cars, recover CFCs, and dismantle and crushing cars
Manufactures shall recycle airbag and shredder dusts and decompose CFCs
Partly enforcement: January 2003Full enforcement: January 2005
Full enforcement: April 2001
Expansion & Reinforcement
Full enforcement: April 2001
1818
PRESENT STRUCTUREPRESENT STRUCTURE
Only few proper sorting plants are running.
Few solid community waste incinerators are still running.
Most of solid waste sent to landfill site.
Some of landfill sites are still under standard.
1919
Effective waste Effective waste recovery systemrecovery system
2020
Develop laws and regulation to promote a total good practice in waste management.
Set up centers for complete solid waste management.
Do intensive public relation for wide spread acceptance of publics in supporting waste management practice.
Support private sectors to run waste management projects.
PRACTICAL ACTIVITIESPRACTICAL ACTIVITIES
2121
TYPICAL PROJECTSTYPICAL PROJECTS
Sorting plants Upgrading recyclable material plantElectronic waste recycling plant Hazardous waste recycle plant Waste exchange program
2222
TYPICAL PROJECTSTYPICAL PROJECTS
Composting plant Bio-liquid and compost earth wormiest
system Individual house composting Bio-gas fermentation plant Other Waste to Energy System
(Gasification, Direct Burning, and etc.)
2323
Technological development Technological development of industrial waste recoveryof industrial waste recovery
2424
Used PET Recycling ProcessUsed PET Recycling Process
SeparateSeparate
CrushCrush
WashWash
PalletizePalletize
A bale of A bale of PET bottlesPET bottles
PalletsPalletsFlakesFlakes
2525
Used Automobile RecyclingUsed Automobile Recycling ProcessProcess
Collect outer parts
① Drainage process
② Collect parts
Outer parts
such as doors,
fenders,
windshields,
lights, and
hoods
Fuel, Oil, LLC
Seat, Carpet,Console, Tire,Battery, Tool,CFCs,Glass
Car body conveyor system
Carrier
Hoist
Deck
Lifter
Nonferrous metal collecting machine Press
Turning Facility
③ Dismantling process
④ Nonferrous metal collecting process
⑤ Cubic press
Engine, Transmission, Fuel tank, Exhaust andother related partsUnderside parts
Heater core, Condenser, Evaporator, Motor, Harness (nonferrous parts) Upholstery (resin and leather), Bumper
Pressed goods
2626
WashingCrusher Funnel
Glass
PanelGlass
Plastic(disposal)
Non-FerrousMetals
Urethane(disposal)
MotorHeat Exchanger
Compressor
Crusher
Remove
CFCsCollection
Remove
Crusher
TV set
Washing Machine
Air Conditioner
Refrigerator
CRT
Case
Case
Case
Funnel Glass
Panel Glass
Compressor
Compressor
Heat Exchanger
CRT Separation
Motor
Presser
CFCS decomposition
Home Appliance Recycling ProcessHome Appliance Recycling Process
CrusherPlastic
Crusher
SteelMagnetic
Separation Steel
Separation
CaF2
(disposal)
Remove
Plastic (PS) PartsPlastic
Crusher
Magnetic Separation
Separation
2727
Office Equipment Recycling ProcessOffice Equipment Recycling Process
Facilities for crushing plastic
Plastic
IC substrate
Glass
Motor
Aluminum
Cable
Frame
Scale
Sep
ara
tion
Dis
man
tlem
en
t
Storage
Rack
Storage space for goods to be shipped
Rack for goods to be
shipped
MetalCrushedgoods
Sorting of goods
Arrival of goodsScale
Measure and ship
Metal detection
Crush
2828
Fluorescent substances
MercuryCol
lect
ion
and
Log
istic
s
Metals
GlassGlass, MetalsClean and Dry
Fluorescent substancesand mercury Separation Recycled fluorescent
tubes production plant
Crush &
Sort
Recycling
Fluorescent Tubes Recycling Fluorescent Tubes Recycling ProcessProcess
Domestic Use