1

●Individual Differences on Growth and Development of Children

An influence of metabolism , hormone, the properties of bone, dietary life, nutrition, and living and social environment makes differences on growth and development of children.

2

● Growth Disorder

Short heightTall heightEarly sexual maturityObesityUnderweight

3

　

● The diseases and conditions for Growth Disorder

1. Endocrine diseases ： Growth hormone deficiency 2. Bone system diseases ： achondroplasia3. Metabolism diseases ： rickets4. Constitutional growth disorder ： inheritance growth diso

rder

5. Chronic diseases ： malnutrition6. Chromosome disorder ： Down’s syndrome7. Deformity ： Russel-silver syndrome8. Psychosomatic Growth Disorder ： child neglect or abuse

4

　

● The diseases and conditions for underweight

1. Environmental factor:

poverty, nutritional misunderstand,

infection, etc.

2. Chronic diseases

3. Endocrine diseases

4. Inheritance metabolism diseases

5. Anorexia nervosa

5

Cross-Sectional Standard Growth Chart

Data in 2000

Height(cm）

boy

AGE(year）

Weight(Kg）

Height

Weight

average

average

6

● Rohrer Index＝ weight (kg)/ （ height (cm)3 ）ｘ 107

● Rohrer index＝ weight (kg)/ （ height (m)3 ）ｘ 10

Rohrer indexUseful to calculate for obesity level of children

7

● Rohrer index

ex. height :135cm, weight :30kg

Rohrer index ＝ 30÷1.353×10

＝ 30/2.46×10

＝ 122（Normal

Weight）

8

● Rohrer Index

Severe Underweight under １００

Underweight １００＜１１５

Normal Weight １１５＜１４５

Overweight １４５＜１５９

Obese over １６０

9

● Kaup Index (BMI) ＝ （ weight (g)/ height (cm)2 ）ｘ 10

● Kaup index (BMI) ＝ weight (g)/ height (cm) / height (cm) ｘ 10

Kaup index (BMI)Useful to calculate for obesity level of small children and adult

10

● Kaup index ex. height :100cm (1m), weight :20kgKaup index ＝ 20000÷1002×10

＝ 20000/10000×10＝ 20 （ Normal Weigh

t ）

BMI ＝ 20÷12

＝ 20/1＝ 20 （ Normal Weigh

t ）

11

● Kaup index (for small chi ｌ dren)

Severe Underweight ＜ １３

Underweight １３　＜１５

Normal Weight １５ 　＜ １８

Overweight １８　＜ ２０

Obese ２０　＜

12

●BMI (for adult)

Underweight < １８ . ５

Normal Weight １８ . ５ < ２５

Overweight ２５ < ３０

Obese ３０ <