1 If you do not have a copy of the Stage 1 DBPR handouts, a copy can be downloaded from the Encounter Collaborative meeting page:

1

If you do not have a copy of the Stage 1 DBPR handouts, a copy can be downloaded from the Encounter Collaborative meeting page:https://ei.e2c.com/enc/enc-pc.pmtg

https://ei.e2c.com/enc/enc-pc.pmtg

2

Stage 1 Disinfectants & Disinfection Byproducts Rule

U.S. EPA

Webcast Training Session

April 27, 2005

Poll: Are you responsible for implementing Poll: Are you responsible for implementing Stage 1 DBPR?Stage 1 DBPR? [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare >

Edit Slide Properties... to edit.] Yes No Not applicable

4

State Request Stage 1

Training for . . .

EPA Oversight Visits Identified

Problems with . . .

Why Stage 1 DBPR? Why Now?

5

State Request Stage 1

Training for . . .

EPA Oversight Visits Identified

Problems with . . .

Calculating Compliance

Why Stage 1 DBPR? Why Now?

Routine, Reduced, and Increased Monitoring

Understanding TOC Requirements

6

Stage 1 DBPR Purpose and Scope

Purpose: Increase public protection from disinfection by products (DBPs) by reducing the exposure to TTHMs, HAA5, bromate, and chlorite.

Scope:• Applies to all public water systems that add a

chemical disinfectant Except for transient systems that add a

disinfectant other than chlorine dioxide

• Addresses both acute and non-acute health effects

7

A Delicate Balance

Risk: microbial contamination vs. DBP formation

U.S. EPA’s solution: control health risks from microbials, disinfectants, and DBPs

Result: M-DBP suite of rules

Microbials Byproducts

8

Outline

Compliance & Reporting – TTHM, HAA5, Chlorine, Chloramines

Overview

Case Studies

Monitoring – TTHM, HAA5, Chlorine, Chloramines

DBP Precursors (DBPP)

Q & AQuestion and answer sections through out the presentation

9

Presenters

Maria Lopez, U.S. EPA

Rudd Coffey, The Cadmus Group, Inc.

Ed Moriarty, U.S. EPA

Tom Grubbs, U.S. EPA

Katie Porter, U.S. EPA

Panelists

Overview

10

Disclaimer The examples included in this presentation are intended for discussion

purposes only. Throughout this presentation, the terms “state” or “states” are used to refer to all types of primacy agencies including U.S. territories, Indian tribes, and EPA Regions. The statutory provisions and EPA regulations described in this document contain legally binding requirements. This presentation is not a regulation itself, nor does it change or substitute for those provisions and regulations. Thus, it does not impose legally binding requirements on EPA, states, or public water systems. This guidance does not confer legal rights or impose legal obligations upon any member of the public. While EPA has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the discussion in this presentation, the obligations of the regulated community are determined by statutes, regulations, or other legally binding requirements. In the event of a conflict between the discussion in this presentation and any statute or regulation, this presentation would not be controlling.

Overview

11

Overview

Review the Stage 1 DBPR requirements

Overview

12

Acronyms and Definitions

A list of acronyms and definitions for the terms used in this presentation can be found in the handouts

Overview

13

Public Health & Disinfectants

Disinfectants: Kill disease-causing

microorganisms React with substances

naturally found in water to form harmful DBPs

Produce negative health effects when present in excessive levels

Overview

14

Public Health & Disinfectants

Disinfectants: Kill disease-causing

microorganisms React with substances

naturally found in water to form harmful DBPs

Produce negative health effects when present in excessive levels

In excess amounts: Eye and nose irritation Stomach discomfort Anemia Other acute short-term

health effects

Overview

15

Precursor in Water

NOMBromide

How Are DBPs Formed?

+

Overview

16

Precursor in Water

NOMBromide

Added Disinfectant

Chlorine Ozone

ChloraminesChlorine Dioxide


+ =

Overview

17

Precursor in Water

NOMBromide

Added Disinfectant

Chlorine Ozone



TTHMHAA5

BromateChlorite

DBPs

+ =

Overview

18

Precursor in Water

NOMBromide

Added Disinfectant

Chlorine Ozone



Health Effects: Some DBPs may cause adverse reproductive or development effects:

• Low birth weight

• Early term miscarriage Some studies suggest a connection between chlorinated water and:

• Bladder, rectal, and colon cancer

TTHMHAA5

BromateChlorite

DBPs

+ =

Overview

19

MRDL & MCL Overview Maximum Residual Disinfectant Levels (MRDLs)

Disinfectant MRDL

Chlorine 4.0 mg/L

Chloramines 4.0 mg/L

Chlorine Dioxide 0.8 mg/L

Overview

Disinfection Byproduct MCL

TTHM 0.080 mg/L

HAA5 0.060 mg/L

Bromate 0.010 mg/L

Chlorite 1.0 mg/L

Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs)

20

TOC Removal Overview

New treatment technique regulations for Total Organic Carbon (TOC)

• Based on source water characteristics, systems must remove specified quantities of TOC.

• Systems can comply through TOC removal or through alternative compliance criteria.

Overview

21

Monitoring Plans Each system must develop and implement a

monitoring plan

• Plan must include: Sample location and schedules

• Representative of entire distribution system

Compliance calculation methodology Plans must have been available for state inspection by

January 2004. Subpart H systems serving > 3,300 must have

submitted monitoring plans to the state by April 2004

Overview

22

Analytical Methods Stage 1 DBPR specifies analytical methods for each

standard

Only certified labs can analyze MCL samples

• Exception: daily chlorite samples

For daily chlorite, disinfectants, and all other non-MCL parameters (e.g., alkalinity, TOC, bromide), analysis may be conducted by a party approved by U.S. EPA or the state

Overview

23

The requirements that apply to each system depend on the system’s treatment

process and type of water source.

Applicability to Systems

This presentation covers:

• TTHM, HAA5, chlorine, and chloramines

• Some compliance options for TOC Removal This training does not focus on:

• Requirements for systems disinfecting with ozone or chlorine dioxide

Overview

Poll: How long have you worked with the Poll: How long have you worked with the Stage 1 DBPR?Stage 1 DBPR? [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

0-6 Months 7-12 Months 1-2 Years 2-4 Years 4+ Years

25

Questions

Please send your questions & comments via the web console located on your bottom right.

Q & A

26

Monitoring Overview

Chlorine & Chloramines

TTHM & HAA5

27

General Sampling

When sampling remember to:

• Only take samples under normal operating conditions

• Sample according to the monitoring plan

• Only sample when serving the public

Monitoring

28

Chlorine & Chloramines Monitoring Chlorine and chloramines monitoring based on TCR

monitoring.

• Systems must monitor for chlorine and chloramines every time they sample for total coliform

• Includes repeat total coliform-positive monitoring & reduced TCR monitoring

• Must be taken at same location as TCR samples

• No reduced monitoring 1 TCR sample

=1 chlorine or

chloramines sampleMonitoring

29

TTHM & HAA5 Monitoring

Type of System Monitoring Frequency Locations

Subpart H serving > 10,0004 samples per plant per quarter

At least 25% at MRT

Remaining samples at ART

MRT = Maximum Residence Time

ART = Average Residence Time

Monitoring

30




At least 25% at MRT


Subpart H serving 500 – 9,999 1 sample per plant per quarter

MRT

GW serving > 10,000

Monitoring

31




At least 25% at MRT


Subpart H serving 500 – 9,999 1 sample per plant per quarter

MRT

GW serving > 10,000

Subpart H serving < 5001 sample per plant per year during month of warmest water temperature

MRT

GW serving < 10,000 MRT

Monitoring

32

TTHM & HAA5 Reduced Monitoring

Type of System Requirement Reduced Level

Subpart H serving > 10,000 TTHM RAA < 0.040 mg/L

HAA5 RAA < 0.030 mg/L

Source Water TOC RAA < 4.0 mg/L (subpart H only)

1 sample per plant per quarter at MRT

Subpart H serving

500 – 9,9991 sample per plant per year during month of warmest water temperatureGW serving > 10,000

Monitoring

33







Subpart H serving


Subpart H serving < 500 N/A N/A

Monitoring

34







Subpart H serving


Subpart H serving < 500 N/A N/A

GW serving < 10,000

TTHM RAA < 0.040 mg/L


For 2 years or

TTHM RAA < 0.020 mg/L


For 1 year

1 sample per treatment plant per 3-year monitoring cycle at MRT

Monitoring

35

TTHM & HAA5 Increased Monitoring

Type of System Trigger Increased Level

Subpart H serving > 10,000

N/A N/ASubpart H serving 500 – 9,999

GW serving > 10,000

Monitoring

36

TTHM & HAA5 Increased Monitoring

Type of System Trigger Increased Level

Subpart H serving > 10,000

N/A N/ASubpart H serving 500 – 9,999

GW serving > 10,000

Subpart H serving < 500Any TTHM or HAA5 result > MCL

1 sample per treatment plant per quarter at MRTGW serving < 10,000

Monitoring

37

Quiz #1:PWS Takes 1 Routine TCR Sample/Month One routine TCR sample Adds chlorine for

disinfection Ground water system

What does this system need to do to comply with the Stage 1 DBPR chlorine monitoring requirements?

Monitoring

38

Quiz #1:PWS Takes 1 Routine TCR Sample/Month One routine TCR sample Adds chlorine for


What does this system need to do to comply with the Stage 1 DBPR chlorine monitoring requirements?

System needs to take 1 chlorine sample at the same time and place as the TCR sample

Monitoring

39

Quiz #2:PWS Takes 3 Routine TCR Samples/Month Three routine TC samples One TC+ sample Adds chloramines for


What does this system need to do to comply with the Stage 1 DBPR chloramines monitoring requirements?

Monitoring

40

Quiz #2:PWS Takes 3 Routine TCR Samples/Month Three routine TC samples One TC+ sample Adds chloramines for


What does this system need to do to comply with the Stage 1 DBPR chloramines monitoring requirements?

1. System needs to take 3 chloramines samples at the same time and place as the initial TCR samples.

2. System needs to take 3 chloramines sample at the same time and place as 3 TCR repeat samples.

3. System needs to take 5 repeat TCR and chloramines samples the following month.

Monitoring

41

Quiz #3:PWS on Routine TTHM & HAA5 Sampling

RAAs

• TTHM = 0.035 mg/L

• HAA5 = 0.020 mg/L

GWUDI system serving 9,000 persons

What does this system need to do to comply with the Stage 1 DBPR TTHM and HAA5 monitoring requirement?

Monitoring

42

Quiz #3:PWS on Routine TTHM & HAA5 Sampling

RAAs

• TTHM = 0.035 mg/L

• HAA5 = 0.020 mg/L

GWUDI system serving 9,000 persons

What does this system need to do to comply with the Stage 1 DBPR TTHM and HAA5 monitoring requirement?

If the system stays on routine monitoring it must take 1 sample per plant per quarter. Because the system’s RAA are < 0.040 mg/L for TTHMs and < 0.030 mg/L for HAA5, the system may qualify for reduced monitoring of one sample a year during the month of warmest water temperature. They would need to consult with their state.

Monitoring

43

Questions


Q & A

44

Compliance and Reporting

Chlorine & Chloramines

TTHM & HAA5

45

General Compliance Calculation When calculating compliance remember to:

• Compare the running annual average (RAA) of the results from last 12 months to standard

• Include all sampling results (unless designated as operational samples in monitoring plans)

• Calculate compliance at the end of every quarter in which system monitors

State can calculate complianceCompliance and

Reporting

46

Chlorine & Chloramines: Compliance Calculation

Based on RAA of monthly results or averages

Calculated each quarter the system serves water to the public

Any RAA that exceeds the MRDL is a violation


47

TTHM & HAA5:Quarterly Compliance Calculation

Based on RAA of quarterly results or averages

Calculated each quarter the system serves water to the public

Any RAA that exceeds the MCL is a violation


48

TTHM & HAA5:Annual/Triennial Compliance Calculation

If sample result > MCL:

• Not yet in violation of MCL unless sample result is > 4 times MCL

• Must move to increased monitoring schedule

If on reduced monitoring and sample > 75% of MCL:

• Must return to routine monitoring schedule


49

Quiz#4: Calculating Compliance for TTHM & HAA5

1: Determine number of samples required

Subpart H system serving 500-9,999

on routine monitoring


50



2. Calculate RAA to determine compliance

TTHM sample 3rd quarter of 2005

3Q 2005: 0.070 mg/L

2Q 2005: 0.080 mg/L

1Q 2005: 0.080 mg/L

4Q 2004: 0.090 mg/L

The system is required to take

1 sample per treatment plant

per quarter




51


2. Calculate the RAA for TTHM

Example:

Sum of quarterly averages = (0.090 + 0.080 + 0.080 + 0.070) = 0.320 mg/L

Use these results to calculate an RAA




52



Example:


Sum of quarterly averages = 0.320 mg/L

RAA = 0.320/4

RAA = 0.080 mg/L < MCL





53



Example:



RAA = 0.320/4



System is in compliance!




54



GW system serving > 10,000



55



The system is required to take

1 sample per treatment plant

per quarter

Date Avg. of all samples

Q1: Jan 2004 0.057

Q2: April 2004 0.029

Q3: July 2004 0.064

Q4: Nov 2004 0.081

Q1: Jan 2005 0.037




56


2. Which samples should the system use for calculating compliance for Q1 2005?





Q1: Jan 2004 0.057

Q2: April 2004 0.029

Q3: July 2004 0.064

Q4: Nov 2004 0.081

Q1: Jan 2005 0.037

Identify results to calculate HAA5 RAA

57


2. Which samples should the system use for calculating compliance for Q1 2005?



Q1: Jan 2004 0.057

Q2: April 2004 0.029

Q3: July 2004 0.064

Q4: Nov 2004 0.081

Q1: Jan 2005 0.037

Identify results to calculate HAA5 RAA



58


2. Calculate the RAA for HAA5

Example:






59



Example:



RAA = 0. 211/4






60



Example:



RAA = 0. 211/4




System is in compliance!



61

Report to State due within 10 days of the end of each quarter.

Remember to include:

Number of samples taken during each month of the last

quarter

Monthly arithmetic average of all samples

taken in each month for the last 12 months

Arithmetic average of the monthly averages for the last 12 months

MRDL violations

Compliance and

Reporting

Chlorine & Chloramines Reporting

62

Number of samples taken during the last

quarter

Location, date and result of each sample taken during the last

quarter

Arithmetic average of all the samples taken in

the last quarter

Annual arithmetic average of the

quarterly averages of the last 4 quarters

MCL violations


Report to State due within 10 days of the end of each quarter.

Remember to include:

TTHM & HAA5 Reporting

63

Tier 2: Notify the state within 48 hours of the violation!

Notify customers within 30 days

Send a copy of PN to the state within 10 days of notifying customers

PN Rule Requirements

If a system commits a monitoring violation, it must inform the state and its customers


64

Returning to Compliance

Options for systems with compliance problems:

• BATs

• Source water changes

• Partnership with other system(s)

• Modify treatment


65

Questions


Q & A

66

DBP Precursors

Found naturally in water

React with disinfectants to produce DBPs

Reducing DBP precursors limits formation of DBPs


67

DBP Precursor Treatment Technique (TT)

Applies only to Subpart H systems using conventional filtration or enhanced softening which include these 4 filtration components:


1. Coagulation

2. Flocculation

3. Sedimentation

4. Filtration

68

DBP Precursor Removal Percentages Removal requirements depend on source water

characteristics:

30.0%40.0%50.0%> 8.0

25.0%35.0%45.0%> 4.0 – 8.0

15.0%25.0%35.0%> 2.0 – 4.0

>120>60-1200-60

Source water alkalinity(mg/L as CaCO3)Source Water TOC

(mg/L)

Systems practicing softening must meet TOC removal requirements in this column

Treatment Technique Removal Percentages:


69

Paired sample

Sourc

e

TOC

Treated

TOC

DBP Precursor Routine Monitoring Requirements 1 sample set per month:

• Source water alkalinity

• Source water TOC

• Treated water TOC


70

30.0%40%50.0%> 8.0

25.0%35.0%45.0%> 4.0 – 8.0

15.0%25.0%35.0%> 2.0 – 4.0

>120>60-1200-60

Source water Alkalinity (mg/L as CaCO3

Source Water TOC (mg/L)

Treated water sample determines what percentage of TOC was removed

DBP Precursor Monitoring Results Source water samples determine TOC removal target Example: • Alkalinity 65 mg/L• Source Water TOC 9.0 mg/L


71

30.0%40%50.0%> 8.0

25.0%35.0%45.0%> 4.0 – 8.0

15.0%25.0%35.0%> 2.0 – 4.0

>120>60-1200-60

Source water Alkalinity (mg/L as CaCO3

Source Water TOC (mg/L)

Treated water sample determines what percentage of TOC was removed

DBP Precursor Monitoring Results Source water samples determine TOC removal target Example:• Alkalinity 65 mg/L• Source Water TOC 9.0 mg/L• Required Removal Percentage = 40%


>60-120

> 8.0 40.0%

72

DBP Precursor Reduced Monitoring

Qualify if average treated water TOC level is:

• Less than 2.0 mg/L for 2 years

OR

• Less than 1.0 mg/L for 1 year Reduced Schedule: 1 sample set per quarter

• Return to routine if RAA of treated water TOC > 2.0 mg/L


73

DBP Precursor Compliance Overview

Most systems will be able to comply through alternative compliance criteria or Step 1 TOC removal


1. Step 1 TOC Removal Covered in Today’s Presentation

74





2. Alternative Compliance Criteria Briefly Covered in Today’s Presentation

3. Step 2 TOC Removal

75





2. Alternative Compliance Criteria Briefly Covered in Today’s Presentation

3. Step 2 TOC Removal

4. State Waiver Not Covered in Today’s Presentation

76

Step 1 TOC Removal

Systems remove a percentage of TOC based on source water characteristics

Percentage may change on a month-to-month basis Compliance is based on a ratio of the percentage of

TOC actually removed to percentage of TOC that system should have removed

Ratio > 1.00 required to remain in compliance Compliance based on RAA calculated quarterly


77

Step 1 Calculations

Calculation 1: Determine removal ratio

Calculation 2: Identify removal ratios for last 12 months

Calculation 3: Calculate the RAA


78

Quiz#5: DBP Precursor Calculating Compliance for Step 1

This example is for a system meeting TOC removal requirements using the Step 1 Criteria

• What results does the system need in order to calculate compliance?


79



• What results does the system need in order to calculate compliance?

Source Water TOC

Source Water Alkalinity

Treated Water TOC


80



• When should the system calculate compliance?


81


• When should the system calculate compliance?

Quarterly to Determine the RAA



82

Step 1 ExampleA

Source TOC

(mg/L)

8.26.16.2

BSource

Alk. (mg/L)

707580

CRequired TOCRemoval (%)

40.035.035.0

DTreated TOC

(mg/L)

4.64.04.4

E%

Removed(A-D)/A

43.934.429.0

MonthOct.Nov.Dec.Jan.Feb.Mar.Apr.MayJun.Jul.Aug.Sep.

FE/C

1.150.961.311.120.991.231.451.181.001.100.980.83Since average is

1.00, the system is in

compliance

sum column (F) = 13.30 13.33/12= 1.11


83

Alternative Compliance Criteria

1. RAA of monthly source water TOC samples < 2.0 mg/L

2. RAA of monthly treated water TOC samples < 2.0 mg/L

3. RAA of source water TOC < 4.0 mg/L, RAA of source water alkalinity > 60 mg/L, and either:

• TTHM RAA < 0.040 mg/L and HAA5 RAA < 0.030 mg/L

• OR System has made a “clear and irrevocable commitment” to installing technology to limit TTHM & HAA5 to those levels

4. TTHM RAA < 0.040 mg/L and HAA5 RAA < 0.030 mg/L, and system uses only chlorine for primary disinfection and maintenance of a residual


84

Alternative Compliance Criteria

5. RAA of SUVA prior to any treatment < 2.0 L/mg-m

6. RAA of treated water SUVA < 2.0 L/mg-m

7. Softening that results in a RAA of treated water alkalinity < 60 mg/L (as calcium carbonate)

8. Softening that results in a RAA for the removal of magnesium hardness (as calcium carbonate) of at least 10 mg/L


Apply only to softening systems:

85

Step 2 TOC Removal

If a system cannot meet Step 1 removal levels or an alternative compliance criteria, the state can set an alternate minimum TOC removal level (Step 2 removal level)

Compliance calculations are the same, except that systems would use the alternate minimum required removal percentage to calculate their removal ratio


86

Step 2 TOC Removal: Determining alternate minimum TOC removal Provide data to the state as evidence that the system cannot

meet the requirements of Step 1 TOC removal Include the results of bench or pilot testing

• Perform Jar Testing: add 10 mg/L increments of alum

• Continue adding alum until pH Step 2 target pH

• Add coagulant until TOC removal 0.3 mg/L for an incremental addition of 10 mg/L of alum or ferric salt at the target pH level

• The percentage of TOC removed at this level will become your “TOC removal vs. coagulant dose” and the system’s minimum TOC removal requirement.

The state will determine an alternate removal level


87

Step 1 & 2: Compliance Reporting Reports must be submitted quarterly:

• The number of paired (source water and treated water) samples collected during the last quarter

• The location, date, and results of each paired sample and associated alkalinity taken during the last quarter

• For each month in the reporting period, the arithmetic average of the percent reduction of TOC for each paired sample and the required TOC percent removal

• Calculations for determining compliance with the TOC percent removal requirements

• Whether the system is in compliance with the enhanced coagulation or enhanced softening percent removal requirements for the last four quartersDBP Precursors

(DBPP)

88

PN Rule Requirements A system is out of compliance if it does not comply with

the Step 1 or Step 2 removal requirements and fails to meet an alternative compliance criterion

Notify customers within 30 days

Send a copy of PN to the state within 10 days of notifying customers

If a system commits a monitoring violation, it must inform the state and its customers

Tier 2: Notify the state within 48 hours of the violation!


89

Returning to Compliance

Options for systems with compliance problems:

• BATs

• Source water changes

• Partnership with other system(s)

• Modify treatment


Poll: How many people are attending at your Poll: How many people are attending at your location?location? [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

1 Person 2 - 4 People 5 - 10 People 10 - 20 People More than 20 People

91

Questions?


Q & A

92

Case Studies: Great View

1. Where, when, & how many chlorine samples should this system take?

2. What is the system’s RAA for chlorine?

3. What is the system required to report to the state within 10 days?

4. Where, when, & how many TTHM & HAA5 samples should this system take?

5. What is the system’s RAA for TTHMs?Case Studies

GW System, serving 300,

taking quarterly TCR samples

93Case Studies

Oct 2006: 1.5 mg/LSept 2006: 1.0 mg/L Aug 2006: 1.0 mg/LJuly 2006: 1.5 mg/LJune 2006: 3.0 mg/LMay 2006: 1.0 mg/L

April 2006: 2.0 mg/LMarch 2006: 1.5 mg/L

Feb 2006: 1.0 mg/LJan 2006: 1.5 mg/LDec 2005: 1.0 mg/LNov 2005: 1.0 mg/L

Chlorine Results for last 12 months:

2006: 0.070 mg/L2005: 0.040 mg/L

TTHM Results for last 2 years:


taking quarterly TCR samplesCase Studies: Great View

Poll: Where, when, & how many chlorine Poll: Where, when, & how many chlorine samples should this s...samples should this s... [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

One per year at MRT Five samples per month and taken 25% at MRT and

75% at ART The same number and at the same time and place as

TCR

95

Answer

Where, when, & how many chlorine samples should this system take?

• The same number and at the same time and place as TCR



Case Studies

Poll: What is the system’s RAA for Poll: What is the system’s RAA for chlorine?chlorine? [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

1.2 mg/L 1.4 mg/L 1.6 mg/L None of the above

97

Answer

What is the system’s RAA for chlorine?

• 1.4 mg/L

• 1 + 1 + 1.5 + 1 + 1.5 + 2 + 1 + 3 + 1.5 + 1 + 1 + 1.5 = 17

• 17/12 = 1.4 mg/L



Case Studies

Poll: What is the system required to report to Poll: What is the system required to report to the state wit...the state wit... [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

Number of samples taken during each month of the last quarter

The monthly arithmetic average of all samples taken in each month for the last 12 months

The arithmetic average of the monthly averages for the last 12 months and whether the MRDL was violated

All of the above

99

Answer

What is the system required to report to the state within 10 days?

• All of the above



Case Studies

Poll: Where, when, & how many TTHM & Poll: Where, when, & how many TTHM & HAA5 samples should thi...HAA5 samples should thi... [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

1 sample per treatment plant; in the month of warmest water temperature; at the MRT

September at the entry point to the distribution system The same number and at the same time and place as

TCR 5 samples per month; 25% at MRT and 75% at ART

101

Answer

Where, when, & how many TTHM & HAA5 samples should this system take?

• 1 sample per treatment plant; in the month of warmest water temperature; at the MRT



Case Studies

Poll: What is the system’s RAA for Poll: What is the system’s RAA for TTHMs?TTHMs? [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]


103

Answer

What is the system’s RAA for TTHMs?

• 0.070 mg/L



Case Studies

104

Case Studies: Smithville

1. How many chlorine samples should this system take in August 2005?

2. Where and when should the system take chlorine samples?

3. Where, when, & how many TTHM & HAA5 samples should the system take?

4. What is the system’s RAA for TTHMs & HAA5?

5. Does the system have to perform public notification?

6. What does the system need to do to return to compliance?

Case Studies

GW System, serving 11,000, taking monthly

TCR samples due to TC + in July 05

105

Case Studies: Smithville

Case Studies

Q3 2010: 0.09

Q2 2010: 0.05

Q1 2010: 0.08

Q4 2009: 0.04

Q3 2009: 0.04

Q2 2009: 0.08

Q1 2009: 0.06

Q4 2008: 0.07

TTHM Results for last 8 quarters:

Q3 2010: 0.07

Q2 2010: 0.08

Q1 2010: 0.07

Q4 2009: 0.09

Q3 2009: 0.04

Q2 2009: 0.08

Q1 2009: 0.06

Q4 2008: 0.07

HAA5 Results for last 8 quarters:



8,501-12,900 10 Samples

Required Routine TCR Monitoring

Poll: How many chlorine samples should Poll: How many chlorine samples should this system take in A...this system take in A... [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

15 samples 10 samples 5 samples 1 sample

107

Answer

How many chlorine samples should this system take in August 2005?

• 10 samples – The same as the number of TCR samples required.



Case Studies

Poll: Where and when should the system Poll: Where and when should the system take chlorine samples...take chlorine samples... [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

In the month of warmest water temperature at the MRT

25% at MRT and 75% at ART Same time and place as TCR Quarterly at MRT

109

Answer

Where and when should the system take chlorine samples?

• Same time and place as TCR



Case Studies


edit.]


1 sample per treatment plant per quarter at MRT The same number and at the same time and place as


111

Answer


• 1 sample per treatment plant per quarter at MRT

Case Studies



Poll: What is the system’s RAA for TTHMs Poll: What is the system’s RAA for TTHMs & HAA5?& HAA5? [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

TTHM = 0.085 mg/L & HAA5 = 0.046 mg/L TTHM = 0.013 mg/L & HAA5 = 0.02 mg/L TTHM = 0.065 mg/L & HAA5 = 0.078 mg/L None of the above

113

Answer

What is the system’s RAA for TTHMs & HAA5?

• TTHM = 0.065 mg/L & HAA5 = 0.078 mg/L TTHMs RAA

• 0.09 + 0.05 + 0.08 + 0.04 = 0.26

• 0.26/4 = 0.065 mg/L

HAA5s RAA

• 0.07 + 0.08 + 0.07 + 0.09 = 0.31

• 0.31/4 = 0.078 mg/L



Case Studies

Poll: Does the system have to perform Poll: Does the system have to perform public notification?public notification? [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

Yes No

115

Answer

Does the system have to perform public notification?Does the system have to perform public notification?

• YesYes MCL violation because the HAA5 RAA of 0.078

mg/L exceeds the MCL of 0.060 mg/L



Case Studies

Poll: What does the system need to do to Poll: What does the system need to do to return to complianc...return to complianc... [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

RAA in following quarter needs to be equal to or less than 0.060 mg/L

System needs to monitor for 1 year RAA in the following month needs to be equal to or

less than 0.060 mg/L

117

Answer

What does the system need to do to return to compliance?

• RAA in following quarter needs to be less than 0.060 mg/L



Case Studies

118

Case Studies: Crystal Lake

1. Where, when, & how many chlorine samples should this system take?

2. What is the system’s RAA for chlorine?

3. Where, when, & how many TTHM & HAA5 samples should the system take?

4. What is the system’s RAA for TTHMs & HAA5?

5. What is the system’s required TOC removal percentage, actual TOC removal percentage, and actual TOC removal ratio?

6. Does the system need to perform public notification?

SW System, serving 550.

System has two conventional

filtration plants

Case Studies

119


Case Studies



filtration plants

Aug 2007: 1.0

July 2007: 1.5

June 2007: 2.0

May 2007: 2.0

April 2007: 1.0

March 2007: 1.5

Feb 2007: 2.0

Jan 2007: 1.0

Dec 2006: 1.0

Nov 2006: 1.5

Oct 2006: 5.0

Sept 2006: 1.5

Aug 2006: 1.0

July 2006: 1.5

June 2006: 2.0

May 2006: 1.0

April 2006: 3.0

March 2006: 1.5

Feb 2006: 2.0

Jan 2006: 1.5

Dec 2005: 1.0

Nov 2005: 2.0

Oct 2005: 0.5

Sept 2005: 1.0

Chlorine Results for last 24 months:

Source Water Alkalinity 65 mg/L

Source Water TOC 9.0 mg/L

Treated Water TOC 4.0 mg/L

For this example sample set results are the same for each month and are:

120


Case Studies



filtration plants

0.09

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.04

0.08

0.06

0.07

0.02

0.05

0.03

0.02

TTHM Results for last 6 quarters:

MRT Plant 1

MRT Plant 2

0.02

0.08

0.04

0.02

0.04

0.08

0.04

0.02

0.04

0.08

0.06

0.07

HAA5 Results for last 6 quarters:

MRT Plant 1

MRT Plant 2

Q2 2007

Q1 2007

Q4 2006

Q3 2006

Q2 2006

Q1 2006

Poll: Where, when, & how many chlorine Poll: Where, when, & how many chlorine samples should this s...samples should this s... [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

Four per year in month of warmest water temperature 75% at ART and 25% at MRT

Five samples per month and taken 25% at MRT and 75% at ART

The same number and at the same time and place as TCR

None of the above

122

Answer

Where, when, & how many chlorine samples should this system take?

• The same number and at the same time and place as TCR

Case Studies



filtration plants

Poll: What is the system’s RAA for Poll: What is the system’s RAA for chlorine?chlorine? [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]


124

Answer

What is the system’s RAA for chlorine?

• 1.8 mg/L

• 1 + 1.5 + 2 + 2 + 1 + 1.5 + 2 + 1 + 1 + 1.5 + 5 + 1.5 = 21

• 21/12 = 1.8 mg/L

Case Studies



filtration plants


edit.]


1 sample per treatment plant per quarter at MRT The same number and at the same time and place as


126

Answer


• 1 sample per treatment plant per quarter at MRT

Case Studies



filtration plants

Poll: What is the system’s RAA for Poll: What is the system’s RAA for TTHMs & HAA5?TTHMs & HAA5? [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare >

Edit Slide Properties... to edit.] TTHMs = 0.085 mg/L; HAA5 = 0.095 mg/L TTHMs = 0.049 mg/L; HAA5 = 0.043 mg/L TTHMs = 0.035 mg/L; HAA5 = 0.023 mg/L

128

Answer

What is the system’s RAA for TTHMs & HAA5?What is the system’s RAA for TTHMs & HAA5?

• TTHM = 0.049 mg/L & HAA5 = 0.043 mg/L TTHMs RAA• (0.09 + 0.06)/2 + (0.05 + 0.07)/2 + (0.03 + 0.02)/2 + (0.02 +

0.05)/2 = 0.195 mg/L

• 0.195/4 = 0.049 mg/L HAA5s RAA• (0.02 + 0.04)/2 + (0.08 + 0.02)/2 + (0.04 + 0.04)/2 + (0.02 +

0.08)/2 = 0.17 mg/L

• 0.17/4 = 0.043 mg/L

Case Studies



filtration plants

Poll: What is the system’s required TOC Poll: What is the system’s required TOC removal percentage, ...removal percentage, ... [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

40%; 55.6%; 1.39 45%; 22.5%; 0.5 15%; 50%; 3.33 30%; 40%; 1.33

130

Answer

What is the system’s required TOC removal percentage, actual TOC removal percentage, and actual TOC removal ratio?

• 40%; 55.6%; 1.39 Required removal % = 40% (from 3 by 3 Matrix) Actual removal % = 55.6% ((9-4)/9) Actual removal ratio = 1.39 (55.6% / 40.0%)

Case Studies



filtration plants

Poll: Does the system need to perform Poll: Does the system need to perform public notification?public notification? [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

Yes No

132

Answer

Does the system need to perform public notification?

• No. Because the example assumed that the system had the

same alkalinity and TOC numbers each month Therefore the removal ratio would be the same for

each month. The removal ratio is 1.39 for the year which is greater

than 1.00 so the system is in compliance.

Case Studies



filtration plants

133

Upcoming Regulations

Expected final in December 2005

• Stage 2 DBPR

• LT2ESWTR

• Ground Water Rule

Stage 2

134

Stage 2 DBPR Preview

Applies to CWSs and NTNCWSs Consecutive Systems Designed to reduce peak DBP concentrations Proposed changes to TTHM and HAA5 requirements:

• Monitoring locations

• Method of calculating RAA Importance of data and knowledge from Stage 1

DBPR!

Stage 2

Poll: Does your state require consecutive Poll: Does your state require consecutive systems to comply ...systems to comply ... [PlaceWare Multiple Choice Poll. Use PlaceWare > Edit Slide Properties... to

edit.]

No requirements Monitor and comply independently Monitor as part of a combined distribution system

independently or as part of the combined system

136

Evaluation Form Available in the Handouts Sent to Your Site

Coordinator Please Complete and Then…

• Fax Directly (fax number on the form) or email to [email protected]

Join us for Consumer Confidence Report Web cast Training

Wednesday, May 25, 2005, 2 – 4 PM

Join us for Consumer Confidence Report Web cast Training

Wednesday, May 25, 2005, 2 – 4 PM

Don’t Forget

Additional Resources

137

Questions?


Q & A

138

Additional Stage 1 DBPR Resources

for Further Study of the Federal Rule

139

Stage 1 DBPR Webcast Materials

Drinking Water Academy Web site: www.epa.gov/safewater/dwa.html

Available – May 16, 2005

• Web cast Presentation Slides

• Written Q&A from Web cast


140

Additional Stage 1 DBPR Resources

Quick Reference Guides:

• Stage 1 DBPR Rule (EPA 816-F-01-010)

• State 1 DBPR Laboratory Quick Reference Guide (EPA 816-F-02-021)

Technical guidance documents:

• Alternative Disinfectants and Oxidants Guidance Manual (EPA 815-R-99-014)

• Disinfection Profiling and Benchmarking Guidance Manual (EPA 815-R-99-013)

• Enhanced Coagulation and Enhanced Precipitative Softening Guidance Manual (EPA 815-R-99-010)Additional

Resources

141

EPA Resources Available Implementation guidance documents:

• Stage 1 DBPR Final Implementation Guidance

(EPA 816-R-01-012)

• Stage 1 DBPR Plain English Guidance

(EPA 816-R-01-014)

• General M-DBP Fact Sheet

(EPA 816-F-01-012)

• Profiling and Benchmarking Fact Sheet

(EPA 816-F-98-0176)

• Stage 1 DBPR Fact Sheet

(EPA 816-F-01-014) A Small System Guide to the Stage 1 DBPR (in development)


142

EPA Resources Available

All documents available through EPA’s M-DBP Web site or by calling the Safe Drinking Water Hotline:

• http://www.epa.gov/safewater/mdbp/implement.html

• 1-800-426-4791


143

For More Questions

Send Your State’s Stage 1 Questions or Situations to:

• [email protected]

• Stage 1 DBPR Questions: Call your EPA Regional Office or Ed Moriarty, US EPA HQ 202-564-3864


144

Next Webcast: Consumer Confidence Report Wednesday, May 25, 2005, 2 – 4 PM (EST)

• Topics to be covered: Report Content Overview Interpreting and Reporting Data Reviewing CCR for Compliance Risk Communication Overview CCRiWriter Demonstration


145

Webcast Series See Handout or DWA Calendar for Upcoming 2005

Web casts

• http://www.epa.gov/safewater/dwa/calendar.html Future Web casts will:

• Cover a Variety of Subjects and Rules

• Be Held Last Wednesday of the Month from 2-4 PM (Eastern Time)

• Have the Same Registration Process as for Stage 1 DBPR

• Will Open for Registration Six Weeks Prior to Each Webcast


Documents

1 If you do not have a copy of the Stage 1 DBPR handouts, a copy can be downloaded from the Encounter Collaborative meeting page: