Form 10-200 UNITED STATES D E P A R T M E N T OF THE INTERIOR ( J u l y 1969) N A T I O N A L P A R K Sf R V l C E

NATIONAL R E G I S T E R OF HISTORIC PLACES I N V E N T O R Y - NOMINATION FORM

d

S T A T E : I

C O U N T V ,

J,oudoun FOR NPS USE ONLY

I I

1 1 . NAME i (Type a l l entries - complete applicable seclions)

I C O M M O N . I E x e t e r

A N D / O R H I S T O R I C :

t

1

E N T R V NUMRER

-TION .- 1 S T R E E T A N @ N U M B E R :

D A T E

N o r t h s i d e of Edwards Ferry Road, . i us t e a s t of J , e e s m g C I T Y O K TOWN:

V i r g i n i a --- --- E u n 1; 0 7 3. CLASSIFICATtON . .

Leesburg vicinity

C A T E G O R Y (Chock Onc)

OWNERSHIP

COOE ,. ; \TF

-. .

I STATUS I ACCESSIBLE j TO THE PUEiLlC I

tODE C O U N T Y .

n D i s t r i c t Building

Site Structure C ) Oblcct

J Public

3 P r l v o l o

3 B a t h

P u b l i c Acqui si i ion: • Occupiod

a I n Process a Unoccupied

(7 Boino Considorod D Unrast r ic ted Cj Prosorvotion work

i n p r o g r o s s

P R E S E N T U S E (Chcck Onc or .More as Appropriofo)

U A g r l c u l ~ u r a l a Government 0 Pork 0 T r o n ~ p o r t o t i o ~ Cornrnon~s

C Commercial 0 l n d u r ~ r l o l 0 P ~ ~ v o t e R o s ~ d a n c o a Othar ( ~ p o c l t y )

E d v c a ~ ~ o n o l M i l l t o r y 0 R e l ~ ~ l o u s .Vacant a Enror to lnmcn~ 0 Museum 0 S c n o n l ~ l ~ e

C O W E R OF PROPERTY ,,. , '' , I .

c : vm P

S T R E E T A N 0 N U M B E R ' 2 ; L Yr-d

C I T Y O R TOWN S T A T E :

; I C O D E p m .P, . . -1 ~e.esburg -- - - 1

5. LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION , . ..- -- .- -.-- C O U R T H O U S E . R E G I S T R Y O F D E E D S , E T C : L-. i

Loudoun County Clerks Office S T R E E T A N D N U M B E R :

I-' 1 I I V i 2 - b - i a

IN E X I S T I N G S U R V E Y S / T I T L E O F S U R V E Y .

[ ~ i s t o r i c American B u i l d i n g s S u r v e v Inventory ' D ~ T E O F S U R V E Y : 1958 a Fedor01 n State County L o c o 1

~ E P O S I T O R Y F O R S U R V E Y R E C O R D S :

L i b r a r y of Congress S T R E E T A N 0 N U M B E R :

C I T Y OR TOWN: / S T A T E :

[Wzshinaton D. C.

--. - -.. ,A-d-,---- ,. --.>--

(Check One)

Good n Fair Dc#araoratod n Ruins U Uncxposod CONDl TlON --

(Clrcck OIIC) I I ( C l ~ o c k Ono)

Exeterfs d w e l l i n g house i s s i t u a t e d i n a much over- grown y a r d a t t h e end o f a long lane. The house i s i n poor c o n d i t i o n , b u t i s b e i n g main ta ined a g a i n s t f u r t h e r d e t e r i o r a t i o The c e n t e r s e c t i o n of the seven-par t house i s covered by a gab1 r o o f and i s f r o n t e d by a t e t r a - s t y l e , two- leve l Dor ic p o r t i c o w i t h s q u a r e columns and l a t t i c e r a i l i n g s . The p o r t i c o was added i n t h e 1 8 3 0 f s , r e p l a c i n g a one-s to ry pedimented porch shown i n the Piu tua l Assurance Company p o l i c i e s of 1803 , 1805, and 1817. F l a n k i n g t h i s c e n t e r s e c t i o n are one-and-2-half s t o r y , one-bay, g a m b r e l r o o f wings w i t h r i c h l y ornamented pedimented dormers c o n t a i n i n g i n t e r l a c i n g "Gothic" t r a c e r y . Both t h e c e n t e r s e c t i o n and t h e wings are of frame b u t have b r i c k rear walls. One-story passages, a l s o of frame with b r i c k r e a r w a l l s , connec t t h e main p a r t o f t h e house t o one-s to ry h ipped roo f dependenc ies . The n o r t h dependency i s t h e k i t c h e n and t h e s o u t h dependency i s an o f f i c e .

The f i r s t floor p l a n o f t h e main p a r t c o n s i s t s of a l a r g e en t r ance h a l l with s t a i r h a l l behind. F l a n k i n g t h e h a l l i s t h e p a r l o r ( s o u t h ) and t h e d i n i n g room ( n o r t h ) . The two- s t o r y b r i c k wing a t t a c h e d t o the r e a r o f t h e c e n t e r s e c t i o n was added i n t h e 1850:s. Three p r i n c i p a l bedrooms a r e on t h e second f l o o r of t h e main p a r t . The house r e t a i n s n e a r l y a l l of its o r i g i n a l i n t e r i o r woodwork, which i s of a s l i g h k l y p r o v i n c i a l Adam s t y l e . I n t h e e n t r a n c e h a l l i s a pane led

I p e d e s t a l - t y p e dado w i t h d e n t i l e d c h a i r rail. The s t a i r , wnile handsome, i s a t y p i c a l l a t e - e i g h t e e n t h century exarnple. Tile most o u t s tanding woodwork, however, i s i n t h e parlor. Here a r c h e d r e c e s s e s w i t h k e y s t o n e s and Wall-of-Troy moldings flank an e l a b o r a t e mantel and two a d j a c e n t p a n e l e d c l o s e t d o o r s . Traces of e a r l y w a l l p a p e r a r e e v i d e n t th roughou t t h e first f l o o r o f 1 t h e main p a r t .

E x e t e r has numerous e a r l y o u t b u i l d i n g s , mos t ly i n r u i n o u s c o n d i t i o n . Most o f t h e o u t b u i l d i n g s a r e e i t h e r of b r i c k o r a d a r k brown s a n d s t o n e . To the c a s t of t h e o f f i c e i s a s t o n e smokehouse, and east of t h e k i t c h e n i s a matching s t o n e d a i r y . The dairy was r a i s e d t o two full s t o r i e s u s i n g b r i c k . Ruins remain o f b o t h z s t o n e and a b r i c k p r i v y , as wel1,a.s a s t o n e ash house, i c e house, b r i c k c i s t e r n , and wooden c o r n c r i b An u n u s u a l l y handsome s t a b l e - c a r r i a g e house of b r i c k a l s o re- mains . An ez r ly wooden b a r n was d e s t r o y e d f o r the c o n s t r u c t i o n of t h e nea rby Leesburg by-pass,

C C L

S P E C I F I C D A T E I S ) ( I I A p p l l c n b l c n n d K t r o t v r ~ )

A R E A S OF ~ I G N I F I C A N C E (Chack 0w.o or M o r c oa Approprlnlo)

Abor aganol C j Educat ion 0 P o l i ~ ~ c o l

P r c h i s ~ o r i c [7 Engincoring m Rol ig ion /Phi .

0 tlistoric Industry losophy

fl Agriculture 0 Invonl ion Scienco

1;11 Archi tocturo 0 Londscope iJ Sculpiure

20th Century

Urban Plannrng

U Othor (saoclb)

0 Art Arch i toelure 0 S o c ~ o l/Hurnon.

C Commorce n Literature i t o r ~ a n

a Cornrnunicot~ons Mbiitory T h e a t e r

0 Consorvot ion Music T r o n s p o r ~ a ~ i o n

S T A T E M E N T O F S I G N I F I C A N C E

Exeter survives as one of the most elaborate and architecturally interesting plantation complexes in northern Virginia. Although in deteriorated condition, the richly ornamented dwelling house and its many outbuildings provide an excellent picture of plantation life in ante-bellum Loudoun County,

The original portion of Exeter's residence was built around 1790 for Dr. Wilson Cary Selden on l and that he i n - herited from his first wife, Mary Mason Selden, a niece of' George Mason of Gunston Hall. Selden was a physician by training and had served a Virginia regiment during the Revolutuion,

Dr. Selden and his second wife, Eleanor Love Selden, established and maintained a full-fledged plantation operation at Exeter. The house served as an architectural showpiece as well as a social center for the area, A Dr- Cutler, minister of St. James' Church in nearby Leesburg, spent a year at Exeter in 1821 and described it as being "like a Baronial Cast le ,"

Following Dr. Seldents death in 1835, Exeter was in- herited by his son, Wilson Cary Selden, Jr. Young Selden also inherited debts amounting to some $ 2 5 , 0 0 0 . By 1843, however, his finances were restored to the extent that he was able to provide a wedding Tor his daughter, Eleanor, that was hailed by contemporaries as a sumtous social event of wide interest, served by caterers from Philadelphia. Eleanor was married to John Augustine Washington, a great-nephew of George Washington

In 1846 Exeter was sold to General George Rust, who added the large brick wing on the rear of the house. He sold Exeter in 1850 to Abner and Haratio Trundle whose family lived' there until it was acquired by the present owner with only a iraction of its original land.

Exeter was occupied by both Federal and Confederate troops during the War Between the States- The Battle of Ball's Bluff was fought on part of the p r o p e r t y , and general J u b a l

Fo,m 10-3000 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (July 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

(NUI11ber n/1 enlrl~~>

8.

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES

INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

(Continuation Sheet)

Early used the house for his headquarters.

STATE

Vi ri;rinia COUNTY

Loudoun FOR NPS USE ONLY

ENTRY NUMBER I DATE

I

Architecturally, Exeter's dwelling house is a n ex t ra­ordinary blending of late-eighteenth cP.ntury forms a nd details, and has no clear-cut parallel in the state. Especial l y no t ab l e is the house's successful blending of many roof forms on a seven­part plan. Significant details include the two-level Doric portico with its lattice railings, the elaborate pedimented dormers with interlacing "Gothic 11 tracery, the p edimented frontispiece, and the arched recesses in the dining room.

While the house is in need of restoration, the present owner is preserving it from further deterioration.

CCL

I

I

I I ti f.1

!'

I

---- 19. MALOR B I S L I O G R A P H I C A L R E F E R E N C E S

L- -.-..- I Deeds and Wills of Masons, S e l d e n s , Rusts and T r u n d e l s in -r Stafford, Prince William and Loudouns Counties. Kennedy, Mary Selden , Seldens - o f V i r g i n i a , New York: Frank

Allaben C o , , 1911. Rust, Ellsworth Marshall, Rusts - of Virg in i a , Washington:

privately p r i n t e d , 1940 .

--. . ---. - ---- "*.. -- --. -.--- ---

L A T I T U D E A N D L O N G I T U D E C O O R D I N A T E S L A T I T U O E A N D L O N G I T U D E C O O R D I N A T E S

D E F I N I N G A R E C T A N G L E L O C A T I N G THE P R O P E R T V D E F I N I N G T H E C E N T E R P O I N T O F A P R O P E R T Y O F L E S S T H A N T F N A C R E S

L A T I T U D E -- Do rces Minutes Se onds Dg rcor Minutes Seconds Dogroar Minutas Seconds Degrees Minvtos Seconds ,, 35 007 97. 3 2 . 3g1 O o ,, 39 . 0 7 08 . 77 32 . 16.

,, 39 06 . 49 , 7 7 , 32 , 16. I I sw ( 3 9 a 0 6 * 4 9 - 1 7 7 0 3 2 , 39 I I I

A P P R O X I M A T E A C R E A G E O F N O M I N A T E D P R O P E R T Y - 3 7 r e s , I L I S T A L L S T A T E S A N D C O U N T I E S F O R PROPERTIES O V k R L A P P I N G S T A T E O R C O U N T Y B O U N D A R I E S

1

1 c/,

I I

S T A T E :

I, 1 %I .-- . . i , L ' k ' 9 ., - . ^ .

I k i . FORM PREPARED BY -- . C I -_.- , ,

S T A T E :

C O D E S T A T E :

I I I S T A T E : C O D E COUNTY: [ C O D E

1 ~ i r ~ i r i a Historic Tiadmarks C c ~ s s i o n S t a f f O R G A N I Z A T I O N D A T E

t - $ C O D E C O U N T Y :

C O O E

4 1 f

I

rn i i !

C O D E C O U N T Y C 0 D E

C O U N T Y :

I -a_r~istoric T , a W s Commission

C O D E ' Z f i

v, t

~Tani~at-v 1 9 7 1 S T R E E T A N D N U M B E R :

- 0

z Wb

Room 1116 Ninth S t r e e t

1 Rlchmon-d k2. STAT; L IAISON O F F I C E R C ~ R T I F I C A I ION ' '

I

I evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set 11 1

C I T Y O R T O W N : S T A T E

V i r ~ - , l n l . a . . I 5 7 1 ' NATlONAL REGISTER VERIFICATION : I

As the designated SLutc Iliaison Officcr Tor lhe Na.

tionol CI~storic Preservation Act of llJC16 (Public L a w

89-665). I hereby norniclale this property lor inc lus ion

in the ~ a t i d n a l Register and ccr l i ly thet it has been

C O D E

I hereby cer l i fy thet th i s property is included in the

Reg'ster4

Keeper of The Nat iona l Register

forth by thc National Psrk Service, The rccomrnended

level of significance oT h i s nominat~on is:

National 0 State Local 0

FEE201973 1 Dote / / Date I

Chiel, Off ice of Archeology and Historic Presetvalion

I

G P O 9 0 1 - 0 8 7

Form 10-301 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT O F THE INTERIOR S T A T E

(July 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL R E G I S T E R O F HlSTORlC P L A C E S

PROPERTY MAP FORM Loudoun

FOR NPS USE ONLY

E N T R Y N U M B E R (Type a11 entries - of tach to or enclose wi th map)

D A T E

I I 1

Z [ I . NAME , I t ! 0 COMMON: Exei;ep

U

2

TO B E INCLUDED O N A L L M A P S

:. Proporty broundaries where required.

2. North arrow.

3. Latitude ond longitude roforence.

e I- cn

t -------------- __- - -_-_I_I_I_--_-_- - - - - - - - - I - - - - -

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT O F THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

i i N A T l O N A L REGISTER OF H I S T O R I C P L A C E S

PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM

A N D / O R HlsToRlc :

S T R E E T A N D NUM QER:

North s i d e of Edwards F e r r y Road, j u s t e a s t of Leesburg C I T Y O R T O W N :

E N T R Y N U M B E R D A T E

I w (Type all entries - atlach to or enclose with photograph) I

!

1

J . . I . , \ . * < , ' . , \ \, , * ) : ~, . .

S T R E E T A N D hUMBER: I I

I k,, MAP REFERENCE . . .

Leesburg vicinity

North s i d e of Edwards F e r r y Road, ,just e a s t of Leesburg C I T Y OH T O W N : !

I

S T A T E :

Virj:inia

Leesbus~ vicinity S T A T E . CODE

I V i r ~ i n i a

~~,:-.'PHOTO'REFERENCE . ) , A . A'9\ - , A ' 7 m \

1 3 7 1 ;.. : , 9 : . / * ! t

Z ..,-L..-."--- , ,

S O U R C E : - U.S.G.S. 7 1 /2 ' quadrangle Leesburg, V a . - Maryland

' I u.J S C A L E . . 1 : 24000

PHOTO CREDIT: Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission D A T E OF PHOTO: 1 9 7 1 ! N E G A T I V E FILED A T : i

CODE

5 1

17 H i s t o r i c Landmarks Commission: Richmond, Va. ION,?* , ,, ,> A , ,

I * , I -I

I I , . . , I: - < * -. . , . - A ' < ; i

D E 3 C R I 6 E V I E W . D I R E C T I O N . ETC. I i

C O U N T Y :

Loudoun

I View of house from west.

J i G P O 921,737

Form 10.301 (July 1969)

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL P A R K SERVICE

N A T I O N A L R E G I S T E R OF HISTORIC P L A C E S

PROP ERTY MAP FORM 1 T,oudo~in

F O R NPS USE ONLY

( l ' y p c a l l cntrics - itlmch lo or cnclosc wi th 11iap)

COMMON: (3 [- p p

ANT)lOR 1415TORIC:

p a r t h side of Ecb-erry Road, :.)st -, , past . n f T . r r sh~~rz C I T Y OR T O W N :

T , P P S ~ I I P P vi c.1 ni t v . . . S T A T E : CODE C O U N T Y : CODE

V i r p ; u s i a , . 5 1 11dn)ln

I . : , * 1 0 7

b;, MA~.REFERENCE ., , ," . I * . >... _ . . , , ... - . - + . . . + ' < A A ' + i , .....,_ % . I -. , , , + . ,

, -;- - . i

SOURCE:

Plan of Exeter SCALE: no scale

T O BE I N C L U D E D O N A L L M A P S

1. Property broundarias where required.

2. North orrow.

3. L ~ t i t u d e ond longiruda reference.

W ( D A T E : 7573 . \ . . . 4 . REQUIREMENTS . . .I) . I , . . . \ '

M ' ..

I

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT O F THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

i

i

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC P L A C E S

P R O P E R T Y P H O T O G R A P H FORM

m (Type a l l enfries - attach to or enclose with photograph)

- _ _ I_I_--_____- - - S T A T E

Virainia C O U N T Y I

Loudoun FOR N P S USE ONLY

E N T R Y NUMSER

COMMON: E x e t e p AND/OR HISTORIC:

12;: LOCAT L ON .. . ' . : ' ^ A " ' . * .*.k ., - . d . 7 : .< . .

, . , 2 . , - . . ,, L. ...... - 5 > < > , > , i : I S T R E E T A N O NUMBER:

- North side of Edwards Ferry Road, .just east of L e e s b u r ~

C l T V O R T O W N :

Leesburg v i c i n i t y s r n r e ! ~ 0 0 ~ COUNTY: C O D E

I V i r g i n i a Historic L a n d ~ a r k s Cornmission; Richmond. Va . - > . > > I .&. * - , . I * > 1,- - (~.$;I?UVTIEICATICI~ -., , ; .: , , - ? , , -.. , , : > A _ . . , I ._,, -. + A * ' .

D E S C R I B E V IEW. D I R E C T I O N . E T C i Detail of second floor dormer, front, n o r t h end.,

G P O 0 2 1 - 7 3 7

Form 10-301 (July 1969)

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT O F THE INTERIOR N A T I O N A L PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES

P R O P E R T Y MAP FORM

(Type al l entries - alfach to or enclose with map)

1 S T A T C 1 V i r r z i n i a

C O U N T Y

1 I '. . , . r , , I i Z 1.. NAME _-.- I

] E N T R Y N U M B E R

LCOMMON: Exeter

D A T E

A N D / O R H I S T O R I C .

I, . . ; * > A , , , I , .

~ S T R C E T A N D NUM 8 E R \

I I

N o r t h s i d e o f Edwards Fe r ry Road, j u s t eas t of L e e s b u r g C I T V OR T O W N :

T,eesburr?: vicinity

T O BE INCLUOEO ON A L L M A P S

1 . Property broundaries where required.

2, Nor th arrow.

3. La t i tude and longitude reference.

S T A T E '

V i r m l a . .

1 - i 1 LU

I I I I

I - - --- ---- - -- - - -.- - -------- -------- ---- ------- -- - -- i 1 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC P L A C E S Loudoun

* > - c 107

r3,' :MA,P.REFER~NCE --- . ... :. . - . . .. . .)..A ,. ,- - , ,,- I ( , - I S O U R C E . 1

C O D E

51

U. S. G. S . 7 1 / 2 ' q u a d r a n g l e Leesburg, Va.- Maryland S C ~ L E : 1: 24000

I I

I PROPERTY PHOTOGRAPH FORM

I I > . . , " - ( %. , , I

1 NAME ' 1 i - !

C O U N T Y :

Loudoun

(Type all enfries - attach to or enclose with photoiraph)

]cOuMON~ Exe t er I

C O D E

- - -

FOR NPS USE ONLY

Nor th side of Edwards F e r r y Road, j u s t e a s t of Leesburg C I T Y OR T O W N :

i E N T R Y N U M B E R

Leesburg v i c i n i t y S T A T E : C O D E C O U N T Y .

oHoTo ~ ~ ~ 0 1 ~ : V i r g i n i a Historic Landmarks Commission I

DATE OF P H O T O : 1 9 7 1 N E G A T I V E F I L E D A T . i

D A T E

j 1 View of f i r s t f l o o r e a s t room. 1 I I

I !

G P O 9 2 1 - 7 3 7 ! j

CC.. . . -. .. .

. . . . . . . . . . . . - _ _. --- - -. _.--_ _..- - ------ -_<__. -_I .-_d__ _ . . . . . - . . - . - . . . a , , . , ~a i d , . -. :- , . . : . . . -. .. , . . . . . . . . . , I . . .-. < . , - . I . . . . . . - . .

CODE: . -- A - ;::ein Houso f i l t h VIings, Pissagos a n d ~ Depende~ctes E- Z u i n s . of S t o n e Smoke House C- I'iulns of S t o n e Da i ry a n d E r i c k hdditions f o r S l a v e Q u a r t e r s D- % i n s of S t o n e Privy E- L a t e 1 9 t h o r e a r l y 2 0 t h C e n t u r y Chicken ~ o u s e , ~ o o d e n

.

F- % i n s of "Ice Iiouset\ . ' . . - G - R-dins of S t o n e A s h House - . . -- , . . . . .

. . . . - . A- & - R . ~ i n s of Brick P r i v y - . , . - . . . , I- %ins of Tlooder, Corn R o u s e - , - -

. . . . . . . !- E r i c k S t a b l e , e a s t end i n r u i n s .

. . . . . ,, - _ _>-- .. I _ _ . 7 . . ,,

.

I /-- I I Hc-- . I I / -&

i a a O . r

8 I a- . . l

I 1 --I I

a - I I I ;--- , - . . I - I . .

I I -(*;I . - J.

- .- . - - . -. - . - . . B-; . . ------- ~-.----e------- . . . . . . : , -

. . I . - I . . . .

I . . - . - . . . . . .

, . ..- - - - .<. -

. . . - .

. . I . I ' - . -

. * I - . -

. .

J _ - .

. .

I -- 5.