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Hesheng ChenInstitute of High Energy Physics

Beijing 100049, China

Future Plan of IHEP Future Plan of IHEP

1. Introduction 2. BEPCII3. Medium and long term plan4. Neutrino Physics Experiment5. Beijing Spallation Neutron Source6. CXFEL

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Institute of High Energy PhysicsInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Comprehensive and largest fundamental research center in China

For :For :– Particle physicsParticle physics– Accelerator technologies and applications Accelerator technologies and applications – Synchrotron radiation technologies and applicationsSynchrotron radiation technologies and applications1000 employees, ~ 650 physicists and engineers, 400 PhD Students and postdoctors

Established at 1950, and became an independent inEstablished at 1950, and became an independent institute for HEP at 1973 . stitute for HEP at 1973 .

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Major Facilities • Beijing Electron-Positron Collider (BEPC)

• Beijing Spectrometer (BES)

• Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF)

• Yangbajing Cosmic Ray Observatory

• Beijing Free Electron Laser (BFEL)

• High Density Slow Positron Source

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BEPC constructed in 1984 –1988 with beam energy: 1 – 2.8 GeV– Physics Run ： Luminosity 1031cm-2s-1 @ 1.89GeV, 5 month/year– Synchrotron Radiation Run ： 140mA @ 2.2 GeV, 3 month/yearFinished running April 2004, and started upgrade interleaving with

SR runnning.

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Observation of an anomalous enhancement near the threshold of mass spectrum at BES II

M=1859 MeV/c2

< 30 MeV/c2 (90% CL)

J/pp

M(pp)-2mp (GeV)

0 0.1 0.2 0.33-body phase space

acceptance

2/dof=56/56

acceptance weighted BW +3 +5

10 25

pp

BES II

Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 022001 (2003)   

X(1860)

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Statistical Significance 7.7

BESII Preliminary

J

BES: X(1835) in

X(1835)7.7

BESII Preliminary

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2

MeV/c 7.73.207.67

MeV/c 7.21.67.1833

54264

M

Nobs

410)4.04.02.2()()( XBXJB59.1

8.0 10)4.00.7()()(:.. ppXBXJBfc

'/J

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X(1835) could be the same structure as X(1860) indicated by pp mass threshold

enhancement

• X(1835) mass is consistent with the mass of the S-wave resonance X(1860) indicated by the pp mass threshold enhancement.

Its width is 1.9 higher than the upper limit of the width obtained from pp mass threshold enhancement.

• On the other hand, if the FSI effect is included in the fit of the pp mass spectrum, the width of the resonance near pp mass threshold will become larger.

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Yangbajing Cosmic Ray Observatory （ Tibet, 4300m ）

IHEP-INFN RPC China-Japan Air Shower Array

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Hard X-ray Modulate Telescope Satellitescan sky for hard X ray point sources

Charged particle shielding

Collimator

Crystals

PMTSupport structure

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Comparison between HXMT and INTEGRAL

Angular Resolution 2’ 15’Source Location 0.2’ 2’Sensitivity (10-7 / cm2 S keV) 3 10Observation Mode survey yes no local imaging yes yes pointing yes no

the HXMT satellite is expected to be launched by 2010

HXMT INTEGRAL

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BEPC

4w1

Diffuse ScatteringX-ray fluorescence

analysis

Topography

4B9

X-ray DiffractionSmall angle scattering

Photoemission SpectroscPopy

3B1

Lithography

3W1

Middle energy

4W1B

4W1A

4B9B

4B9A3B

1B

3B1A

3W1A

3W1B

4 wigglers and 13 beam lines. > 300 exp./year from > 100 institutions

Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility

140mA@2.2GeV

1W1A

XAFS1W1B

High-pressure diffraction

LIGA

VUV

Macromolecular

3B3

1w1

4w2

3B3

Soft X-ray Optics

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Structure of third type of light–harvester protein. The structure diffraction data taken at BSRF.

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BEPC future development

High Precision Frontier: precision measurement in charm energy region (2-4 GeV), and search for new phenomena. • Transition between continuum and resonance's, perturbative and non-perturbative QCD• Rich of resonance's, charmonium and charmed mesons. • New type of hadronic matter predicted in the region, e.g. glueball and hybrid ， pentquark, exotic particles…• Advantages at Threshold : large , low multiplicity, pure initial state, S/B optimum Upgrade BEPC into two ring collider, increasing luminosity by a factor 100, rebuild detector to adapt high event rate and reduce sys. errors. Estimated cost: 77M US$.

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2. BEPCII: High Lumi. Double–ring Collider

Build new ring inside existing ring . Two half new rings and two half old rings cross at two IR’s, forming a double ring collider.

BEPCII

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BEPC II Double ring Design• In the existing BEPC tunnel, add another ring, cross over at south a

nd north points, two equal rings for electrons and positrons. Advanced double-ring collision technology.

• 93 bunches ， total current > 0.9A in each ring. • Collision spacing ： 8 ns.• In south, collision with large cross-angle （ ±11 mr ） .• Calculated luminosity ： 1033 cm-2 s-1 @ 3.78GeV of C.M. energy.• Linac upgrade: e+ 50mA/min. , Full energy injection up to 1.89GeV • In north cross point, connecting SR beam between two outer rings, in south cross point, use dipole magnet to bend the beam back to out

er ring.• SR run ： 250mA @ 2.5 GeV.• Major detector upgrade ： BES III.

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Schedule: 3 stages• Stage I:

– May –Oct. 2004: Linac upgrade – Dec. 2004 – June 2005: Synchrotron Radiation running

• Stage II: 1 June- 30 Nov. 2006: – Tuning of two ring machine – SR running – BES III detector assembling and tuning

• Stage III– 1 -15 Dec. 2006 dismount interaction region. – 16-31 Dec. 2006 BESIII detector moving into beam line– Jan. – April . 07 : Machine-Detector tuning.

• Physics run by May 2007

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Progress of BEPCII: Linac

• The installation of Linac upgrade finished at middle of Oct. 2004.

• Tuning Linac, e- beam available for the ring injection middle of Nov.

• Synchrotron radiation running started at the end of Dec. 2004,

• Linac Tuning progress: close to design goals. – e+ beam available at the end of Linac March 19 – At the end of Linac, e+ current reached design value, and em

mitance is better than design value. – Frequency 12.5Hz →25Hz → 50Hz– Positron injection successful.

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Progress of BEPCII

• Most of prototype R&D are successful. – Antechambers – Magnets – Special magnets at interaction region– Power supplies– Pre-alignment of half unit. – ……

• Mass production of storage ring and detector components go smoothly.

• Jan.- June 2005 SR ruuning finished. • 4 July Storage ring upgrade started.

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SC cavities designed by KEK and IHEP, arrived

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Magnet Production finished

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Pre-alignment of half unit

Half unitHalf unit

23Simulation of installation

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Injection kicker magnet

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Fabrication of vacuum chamber

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Production and test of SC quads at BNL

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Dual-aperture magnet (Q1)

Q1a Q1b

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Installation of two cryogenics systems finished, and reached the specification

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Event statistics at BESIII

Physics

Channel

Energy

(GeV)

Luminosity

(1033 cm–2s –1)

Events/year

J/ 3.097 0.6 1.0×1010

3.67 1.0 1.2×107

’ 3.686 1.0 3.0 ×109

D 3.77 1.0 2.5×107

Ds 4.03 0.6 1.0×106

Ds 4.14 0.6 2.0×106

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• Adapt to high event rate of BEPCII: 1033cm-2 s-1 and bunch spacing 8ns• Reduce sys. errors to match high statistics photon measurement, PID…• Increase acceptance

MDC: small cell & He gas xy=130 m sp/p = 0.5% @1GeV dE/dx=6%

EMCAL: CsI crystal E/E = 2.2% @1 GeV z = 0.5 cm/E

TOF: T = 100 ps Barrel 110 ps Endcap

Magnet: 1 T Super conducting

Muon ID: 9 layer RPC

Trigger: Tracks & ShowersPipelined; Latency = 2.4 ms

Data Acquisition: Event rate = 3 kHz Thruput ~ 50 MB/s

BESIII detectorBESIII detector

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Mechanical Structure of Draft Chamber

32洁净间 穿丝机

Draft Chamber wiring machine

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SC magnet: coil winding

Coil winding completed on June 3

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Assembling of BESII SC Magnet

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Return yoke pre-assembly completed May 31

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Return Yoke at Exp. Hall

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Progress of CsI calorimeter 6300 crystals, (5.2x 5.2 – 6.4 x 6.4) x 28cm3 PD readout, noise ~1100 ENC Energy resolution: 2.5%@1GeV Position resolution: 5mm@1GeV

crystal testing and assembling for barrel

Total in barrel

received tested Assembled

# of crystal

5280 3736 3340 2400

% 71% 63% 45%

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no partition wall Mechanical support structure

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Simulation of installation

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system : RPC• 9 layer, 2000 m2

• Bakelites, no lineseed oil

• 4cm strips, 10000 channels

• Noise less than 0.04 Hz/cm2

• Production finished

• Installation of end cap finished

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BESIII International Collaboration

• 20 Chinese Univ. and institutions

• US groups: Hawaii, Seattle …

• Japanese Groups: Univ. of Tokyo, KEK

• JINR

• Panda of GSI.

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BESIII Expected Physics Results

Because lum. Increase by two-orders of magnitude, BES III can obtain many important results in tau-charm physics, the main focus of this workshop.

Some expected results with Monte Carlo simulation:

• Precise measure CKM parameters

• Precise R measurement

• Search for glueballs and exotic states, determine spin and

parity

• studies on pentquark

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Progress of BEPCII

• Most of prototype R&D are successful. – Antechambers – Magnets – Special magnets at interaction region– Power supplies– Pre-alignment of half unit. – ……

• Mass production of storage ring and detector components go smoothly.

• Jan.- June 2005 SR ruuning finished. • 4 July Storage ring upgrade started.

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Possible projects for Middle term Possible projects for Middle term • Charm physics @ BEPCII • Modulated hard X-ray telescope satellite• Neutrino experiments:

– Reactor neutrino to measure sin2213 – National underground Lab.– Very LBL oscillation experiment: J-Prac→ Beijing

• High power proton Accelerator: – Chinese Spallation Neutron Source 100KW→200 KW– Accelerator Driven Subcritical system

• Hard X-ray FEL• Convert BEPC into dedicated SR source after

BEPCII finished physics running

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International Collaborations• CMS & Atlas @ LHC: tier 2 for each • EXFEL… • ILC:

Parameter choice, IHEP & Tsinghua U., headed by J.Gao Damping Ring study, IHEP group;Positron source study, sponsored by NSFC (G.X.Pei)RF power and modulators (Y.L.Chi)ATF2 collaboration, magnet production is in progress (J.Q.Wang);Superconducting RF cavity study (IHEP and Peking U., S.C.Zhao & D.Zhao);

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Superconducting laboratory in IHEP

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Multi-cell SRF cavity study （ 2003 - ）

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Parameterization of neutrino mixing

6 fundamental parameters in neutrino physics ： Known ： | m2

32|,sin2232 ， m221,sin2221

Unknown: sin22 ， , sign of m232

Exp. ： reactor VLBL oscillation

Daya Bay Reactor J-Parc → Beijing

Neutrino mixing parameters

U 1 0 0

0 cos23 sin23

0 sin23 cos23

cos13 0 e i sin13

0 1 0

e i sin13 0 cos13

cos12 sin12 0

sin12 cos12 0

0 0 1

e

Ue1 Ue2 Ue3U1 U2 U3

U1 U2 U 3

1

2

3

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Experiment to measure sin2213 using Daya Bay reactor neutrino

• Daya Bay NPS is the best site in the world: – 60 km from Hong Kong, – 12GW now, 18 GW @ 2008– good mountain near NPP for near and far detectors.

• Near (500m) and Far detector (1.8km), modular, expect accuracy of 1% in sin2213 • NPS is happy to cooperate • Site study and tunnel design are underway • Chinese funding agencies agreed to support • US physicists from LBL… joined collaboration, and DOE expressed interest to support

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3535大亚湾与岭澳核电站大亚湾与岭澳核电站

大亚湾核电站大亚湾核电站 岭澳核电站岭澳核电站

Dayabay Nuclear Power StationDayabay Nuclear Power Station

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Schematics of a multi-module detector

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(4) (4) Beijing Spallation Neutron SBeijing Spallation Neutron Sourceource

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Main Parameters of the BSNS

Approved by Chinese Government in principle July 2005

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H- ion source (20mA):

RFQ (3.5 MeV)

ML loaded RF cavity

Rapid cycling magnet

White circuit power supply

Ceramic vacuum chamber

BSNS R &D Activities

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The Beijing XFEL Test Facility

Seeding L. s=270nm ， P=200MW, s=100fs

e beam E=1.1GeV ， Ip=600Amp ， n=2.5mmmrad ， E/E=0.01%

Parameters 1st stage 2nd stage

Undulator u (cm ） 6.0 4.0 4.0 2.8

g (cm) 0.94 0.92 0.92 0.92

Dispersion d/d 2.3 4.0

FEL

(nm) 270 45 45 9

Lg (m) 0.84 0.91 0.91 1.43

Lu (m) 1 5.7 1 8.7

P (MW) 200 in 1140out 300 in 711out

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The CXFEL plan

Undulators and user stations of stations

LCLS TESLA PAL XFEL SCSS CXFEL

Radiation wavelength [Å] 1.5 1.0 3.0 36 1.5

FEL parameter, [x10-4] 5.0 3.4 4.3 8.7 4(3.5)

Peak coherent power [GW] 9 24 2.3 1.8 4.4(2.8)

Peak brightness [x1033]* 1.2 5.4 0.14 0.01 0.3

Average brightness[x1022 ] 3.3 4320 0.22 0.01

Electron beam energy [GeV] 14.35 20 3.0 1.0 7.7(6)

Peak current [kA] 3.4 5.0 4.0 2.0 4

Normalized emittance [m-rad] 1.2 1.4 1.5 2.0 1.5

RMS energy spread [%] 0.008 0.0125 0.02 0.02 0.02

FWHM bunch length [fs] 230 200 230 470 230

Repetition rate [Hz] 120 10 60 50 25

Bunches per pulse 1 4,000 1 1 1

Undulator period/full gap [mm] 30/5 38/10 12.5/3.0 15/3.5 25/8(18/4)

Undulator peak field [T] 1.32 1.06 0.97 0.94 0.8(0.95)

Undulator parameter, K 3.71 3.8 1.14 1.3 1.9(1.6)

Undulator beta [m] 18 35 15 10 25(25)

Saturation length/total length [m] 86/113 145/175 50/58.5 20/22.5 120(104)

Segment length [m]* No. of segment 3.42x33 5x35 4.5x13 4.5x5

Cost/construction schedule ~225M$/3 684 M€/6 42M$/3 30M$/4 ~1.5BRMB/5

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Thanks !