1#

FPCP2006

Vancouver, Canada

Era of precision flavor physics in

The start of LHC era

Highlights & outlook for FPCP2008

A. JawaheryUniversity of Maryland

2#

A memorable Flavor Physics & CP Meeting

Great hospitality and excellent views

Great Physics & plenty of suspense

Thank You

3#

FPCP2002 - FPCP2006[FPCP2008]- The Exp. players

Reach L= 1.6x1034

[>2-3x1034 ]

Reached L=1.x1034

[>2.x1034]

FPCP 02

Next major Milestone -2008:

Belle & BaBar: ~1/ab each

[~ 2x 109 BB(bar)]

D0 and CDF: 4-8/fb each

4#

CLEO-c: Lint~6.7 1031 /cm2/s total 281 pb-1

BEBC II aimed at E=1-2.1 GeV

Lint~1 1033 /cm2/s

BES @ BEBC I

See R. Poling

5#

And of course the enormous luminosity/brilliance on the theory side defining: what is important, what to measure, channels, techniques, improved theoretical treatment of hadronic effects,…..

6#

CKM already established as the primary source of CPV in laboratory (as declared by Y. Nir- ICHEP2002)

All three angles of CKM unitarity triangle are now measured. ms is now tightly bound- the SM emerging as the winner again.

Evidence for B -> important Bounds on Leptonic Bdl+l- & Bsl+l- with impact on SUSY parameter space

With the B factories in their “1/ab” phase, Tevatron onward to 4-8/fb, Cleo-c & more theoretical advancements, new goals are set for CKM observables-

& Vtd/Vts)<4%.

FPCP2002 - FPCP2006[FPCP2008]

By FPCP2008

oooubV 02.0)2sin8)105)%5|)

7#

• New Physics in FCNC bd & sd transitions highly constrained (Declared by L. Silvestrini LP2005).

• FCNC bs transitions have become a major focus of the field; By 2008 expect the precision of the CPV effects in bs transitions to reach the point of deserving serious attention:: potential to reveal evidence for New Physics.

FPCP2002-FPCP2006[FPCP2008]

8#

Major New Results of the Meeting• Measurement of ms (Tevatron)

• First MINOS results(N.Tagg)- will not discuss here-a full session on with excellent reviews and theoretical implication.

• Evidence for Leptonic Bdecay (Belle)

• New limits and new techniques on D0 mixing (BaBar & Cleo-c)(see M. Wilson, S. Stone, D. Cinabro)- significant improvements to expect soon; and may even a signal. Also new results from CLEO-c on charm branching ratios and much improvements expected soon (see R. Poling, S. Stone)

9#

Bs Mixing -ms

2

2

22

2

2

2

td

ts

Bd

Bs

td

ts

BdBd

BsBs

Bd

Bs

d

s

V

V

m

m

V

V

Bf

Bf

m

m

m

m

t t

b

d(s)

b

d(s)Vtd(s)VtdW

VtbVtb W2*2

2

2222

6

)/(tbtqBBB

WtWFq VVBfm

mmSmGm

qqq

Up until a few weeks ago limits: Δms> 14.4 ps-1

SM prediction from UT fits: Δms = 18.3 + 6.5 -1.5 ps-1

Interpretation power dominated by accuracy of LQCD input:With md / ms SM value & = 1.21 0.04 0.05

= |Vts|/|Vtd| at ~5 % theoretical uncertainty,

With md = 0.509 0.004 ps-1 @ ~1%& fBd

2 BBd = (228 30 10 MeV)2 from LQCD|Vtd| only at 15% accuracy- all theory limited

A key element of the CKM test, as well as searches for New Physics

10#

Measuring ms::News from TEVATRON

D0: Reconstructs BsD(*)sl tags its initial

flavor using the other Bwith D2 ~ 2.4%

3.8% (5% ) probability for & 15% probability for ms=19 ps-1

sm

11#

Measuring ms: CDF

With opposite side tagging D2 1.5 % & t ~87-200 fs

Now have added same side tagging with D2 = 4.0+0.9-1.2 %

Can not use Bd to evaluate and validate performance. Other approaches used

For a total of D2 5.5%

See J. Pierda

12#

A/A) = 3.5 ;probability of fluctuation of ~0.5%

theo.

018.0015.0

exp.

026.0025.0 199.0/

tstd VV

Recent Belle result from btd

See G. Gomez-Ceballos

13#

Lifetime difference s also in agreement with SM See R. Van Kooten

14#

W

b

u

Only l=is has a reasonable Br. In SM ~10-4 Leptonic B Decays

2222

22

2

||)1(8

)( ubBB

BF Vfm

mm

mGBB

See K. Ikado

15#

With these measurements, pressure building up on LQCD More precise decay constants needed: See Paul Mackenzie

He declared that It’s the time for Lattice to deliver –

Data is now fast improving and may help in testing the calculations..

fD+ = (223±17±3) MeV

LQCD (PRL 95 251801, ’05)

fD+ = (201±3±17) MeV

Cleo-c R. Poling

/ 1.25 0.14

As expected from LQCD

s

BaBar CLEOD Df f

279 17 6 M19 eVsDf

BaBar for DsCompare with experiment-consistency at ~10% See J Wiss

16#

By FPCP2002, measuring with Bseemed hopeless- penguins too large to deal with & then came along the Bsystem -longitudenally polarized system & small penguin contributions- to an accuracy of ~12o

The Dalitz (GGSZ) method for measuring expect eventual accuracy of few degrees

The family of gluonic bs decays significantly expanded beyond Bs -and CPV measured, increasing the sensitivity to NP searches

New ways of exploiting the bsNow have access to photon helicity via BKs in addition to the rate and Direct CPV.

Many new states observed; DsJ, , X, Y, Z states- rejuvenated the world of spectroscopy and their interpretation.

FPCP2002-FPCP2006: also a few pleasant unexpected results

17#

State Mass (MeV)

Width (MeV)

Decay mode(s) JPC

X(3872) 3871.2 ± 0.6

<2.3

@ 90% CL

+-J/J/D0D00

1++ I=0

X(3940) 3943 ± 9 <52

@ 90% CL

D*D

Not DD or J/0-+ ?

Y(3940) 3943 ± 17 87 ± 34 J/ C=+1

I=0

Z(3930) 3929 ± 6 29 ± 10 DD 2++

Y(4260) 4259 +8-10 88 +24

-23 +-J/, 00J/Not +-, DD, pp

1- -

I=0

Review of the new states: Helmut Marsiske

Interpretations

Voloshin and Geofrey

*00*00 DDDD Voloshin

All players had a role in generating this picture

BaBar & Belle

CDF & D0

CLEO & CLEO-c

18#

Has FPCP2006 convinced us that goals of FPCP2008 can be reached?

19#

Inclusive Approach: Measure BXul in a region of phase space where bcl pollution is small, e.g.:

( )uM X2q

theoretical input to convert: u(meas) |Vub| - several approaches new & oldBNLP: use bs & B->Xcl to determine parameters of fermi motion of b in B

mb, etc. the shape function.

DGE : go from inclusive Semileptonic b decay to SL B meson decay- inputs: mb etc from bs & B->Xcl

Belle

)(10.)()(42.0(exp)47.008.5||

)(10.)(22.0)((exp)25.044.4||326.0

23.0

342.038.0

BelleThSFV

BaBarThSFV

ub

ub

E.g. one of several lepton endpoint analyses with

shape function

|Vub|- One of the oldest and slowest advancing measurementsThe goal: |Vub|) ~5%

BaBar

See E. Barberio & B. Lange

20#

Method of Leibovich, Low, and Rothstein – weight method-less

shape function dependent

Inclusive

~7% measurement now

4.5%Theory

2.2%Statistical

2.7%Expt. syst.

1.9%B Xcl model

2.1%B Xul model

3.8%SF params.

4.5%Theory

2.2%Statistical

2.7%Expt. syst.

1.9%B Xcl model

2.1%B Xul model

3.8%SF params.

See E. Barberio

An overall eventual error of 5- 6% is not inconceivable.

Ultimate limitation

Charm may helpNeed confirmation

21#

|Vub|-Exclusive approach:

• Identify b->u modes, such as Bl,Bl , Bl ,..

• Measure partial decay rates, branching ratios & compare with theoretical expressions..

Lattice QCD provides normalization of F+(q2)

))(|,(|)( 2

2qFVF

dq

lBdub

See Kevin Varvell

22#

Experimental errors to shrink significantly, which may allow discriminations amongst various lattice calculations.

Other checks on lattice calculation from Charm decays?

~20% now. Not a useful cross check for the inclusive approach- yet.

23#

Validation of LQCD calculation of form factors with charm decays?

All consistent- but what does this imply/help FF’s issues in B decays?

22 3

2 3

22 2

2(

4( ) )

F cq P

lf q O mG V Pd D P

dq

22

2

2 2 2

2

2

22 2

2

0

1 1

eff *

* *

*

*

*

*

HQET&SCET

Becirevic & Kaidalov write as

effective pole with

( )

( )

integral

Res & Po

/

(/

le

)

D D

D

D

D D

D D

D

m m

f q

f

c c m

m q

m

f qq m q

m q

m

More CLEO-c results soon

See J. Wiss & P. Mackenzie

24#

Richard Hill: need a different variable to represent form factors- |Z|max

Most FF’s are linear in |Z|max- look for curvature and compare Th & Exp.

Helps extend the data to regions that LQCD calculations are more accurate.

Still not clear how charm helps B’s

25#

Measuring Vub= |Vub|e-

i

b uW

sc

+

KDB 0

KDB 0

B- (Df)K-F=common to D0 & anti D0b

W

s

cu

Decays involving interference of tree level bu & bc Processes.

f=DCP (Gronau-London-Wyler)(GLW method) (small asymmetry)

f=DCSD (Atwood-Duniets-Soni)(ADS Method) (additional problem of D)

f= Dalitz analysis of D0->Ks(GGSZ) (combines features of GLW &

ADS depending on the location in Dalitz plot)- the dominant method[Giri, Grossman, Soffer, & Zupan, PRD 68, 054018 (2003),Bondar (Belle), PRD 70, 072003 (2004)]

)(1])([ iBerKfDBA

)(1])([ iBerKfDBA

Solve for & , – rB=(|A1|/ |A2|)

See J. P. Lees

26#

From the Dalitz Analysis alone:

=(67+/- 28 13 +/- 12 )o (BaBar)

φ3=53° +15-18 3° 9°) Belle

Combined (CKM fitter): = ??

Measuring Vub= |Vub|e-

i

The method highly sensitive to rB: fits favor rB ~ 0.1 (BaBar) ; rB >0.2 (Belle). Main cause of the difference in errors

Error due to uncertainties in treatment of the DKs-Dalitz plot (amplitudes and phases)

-CLEO-c data can help.

-Projected error from this source ~ 3-5 o (??)

See J. P. Lees

27#

Requires improvement in D-Dalitz model – from CLEO-c data and higher statistics tagged D* events at B factories

2008: 5-10o

Future of

Also needs additional help for rB

E.g. Using the ADS observables :

rB=0.1

See talks by R. Poling, D. Cinabro for CLEO-c prospects on Dalitz

28#

Measuring sin2

sin2= 0.652 ±0.039 (stat) ±0.020 (syst)

A = 0.010 ±0.026 (stat) ±0.036 (syst)

violationCPdirectCessccfcpforS

mtCmtSftBftB

ftBftBtA

cpcp

cpcpcp

;)mod(2sin

cossin))())((

))())(()(

00

00

Sin2is a precision measurement now - the non-SM solution is essentially excluded B->J/K* & B->D0h

No evidence for direct CP violation- consistent with dominance of one diagram only-

B0 tag_

B0 tag

At 2/ab era:

Expect another factor of 2 reduction of errors

29#

easuring The prescription

b uu

sd ,

W

…..

But penguins (gluonic & E.W) can also lead to the same decays:

W

t

b sd ,

u

u

g

2sin(&0

2**

**

SC

eVVVV

VVVV i

udubtdtb

udubtdtb

With Tree alone

iγeiδe|T

P|1

iγeiδe|T

P|1

2ieλ

00 ππππ~ BABA

ππ~

2

10BA

ππ2

10BA

000 ππBA

000 ππ~

BAππEstimate by constructing the isospin triangle(Gronau & London)

B->sets the scale of the correction

)eff

α2sin(2C1S&0C

See C.C. Wang &

C. Touramanis

30#

Good news for very lucky angle!

Longitudinal polarization dominates-CP even & small B->compared to B->, B->suppressed penguin contributions-

Measuring

.).%90(3545|

(

(sin

0

0002

lc

BB

BB

o

oeff

LLeff BfBf

11||

)/()(sin0000002

A=-C

A=-C

31#

Measuring oBonly)

B

Already the error is systematic (theory) dominated.

At ~2/ab, expect 7o10o depending on the size of B->

Measuring B-> its Time-dependent CP asymmetry may shrink errors further- if able to to resolve ambiguities.

Other ways of estimating penguin effects

32#

Search for New Physics with Heavy Flavor

The analysis by the Utfit team allow NP amplitude and phase:

0/ sin2

d d d

d

SM

B B B

S BCP

M C M

A J K

•New sources of CP violation in bd & sd are strongly constrained. •The bs transitions are much less constrained- possible probes:

•Gluonic penguins bsg :: rates, direct CPV, “the sin2penguin” test• Bs mixing: ms, s,

•EW radiative bs–rates, direct CPV, photon polarization.

•EW radiative bsll :: rates, direct CPV, AFB(q2), polarization effects,..

Non –SM solution now excluded by Semileptonic asymmetry (Asl)

from BaBar & D0

SM solution

CBd=0 & Bd=0

33#

An MSSM analysis of b->s observables- ( L. Silvestrini- LP2005) -

34#

mtCmtSftBftB

ftBftBtA

cpcp

cpcpcp

cossin))())((

))())(()(

00

00

B0

B0

ff

Within the SM:

The “sin2” Test in penguin dominated modes

fcp

b ss

sd

g

, ,u c t

0SK

0B, , ( )CPKK

W

Sf~ -cpsin2

][][ **utuusubctccscb

TPPVVTPPVVA Dominant amplitude (~ same phase as b->ccs

suppressed amplitude (~

Expect within SM

With new physics and new phases, Sf could depart from -cpsin2

The Task: Measure Sf=-cpSf – sin2search for deviation from zero

A Key Question: How well do we know Sf within the SM?

For fcp =from b->sqq

35#

SM expectation

ff

Within the SM: ][][ **

utuusubctccscbTPPVVTPPVVA

Dominant amplitude (~ same phase as b->ccs

suppressed amplitude (~

QCDF calculations(Beneke, hep-ph/0505075 Cheng, Chua & Soni, hep-ph/0506268). SU(2) and SU(3) can

also be put to work to connect various CP conserving and CP violating observables--generally much less restrictive- but can improve with data.

Sf depends on the size and the relative

strong phase of this “suppressed “

term

24.006.0

26.038.00.030 0.077

09.021.0

30.006.0

19.022.0

.

050.0 07.0

01.0 '

10.0

08.0

13.0

020.0 02.0

008.0 019.0010.0 010.0

165.0 034.0143.0 070.0

0

011.0018.0

05.004.0

0

01.001.0

11.007.0

08.012.0

0

08.008.0

005.0008.0

01.001.0

ExptSSCET

Kf

K

K

K

K

K

K

pQCDQCDFS

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

See C.K. Chua

See C.K. Chua

36#

Simple average: Spenguins=0.5 +/- 0.06 vs reference point: sin69+/-0.03

~ 2.5 deviation at this point.

QCD factorization calculation of S

See M. Graham

37#

Acp(B0K0.108+/- 0.017

Within SM: Expect Acpb-

>s

superweak is really out; Again-to use as NP observable need reliable QCD predictions; some tests can also be done using symmetries

Direct CPV

See Y. ChaoTests with Direct CP violations

See V. Erkcan Özcan

38#

Hadronic B decays: Theory meets experiment

Plenty to explain- a few examples

Pattern of 2-body Br’s Pattern of Br’s & Polarization in BVV

•Many issues for TH to rule on:

•Tree/Penguin ratios; relative strong phases & direct CPV; Color suppression

For experiments See

J. Smith & C. Touramanis

39#

Benchmark- Rates & Direct CPV for Bdecays

See C. Bauer -SCET

See S. Mishima-PQCD

TH & EXP agree in some areas, but not all- & TH errors still too large - Delivery time is approaching.

40#

bsbsl+l- well established venue for NP search

Measured rates consistent with SM:

BF(b→s)TH = 3.57 ± 0.30 x 10-4 (SM NLO)

BF(b→s)EXP = 3.54 ± 0.30 x 10-4 (HFAG)

bR

tL

bL

WsL

L

But there is more handles in these channels

•Photon polarization in bsL ( left-handed in SM)

•Direct CP violation – nearly zero in SM

•In BKll- q2 dependence of the rate; FB asymmetry, polariztion

Search for NP modification of Wilson coefficients C7, C9, C10

D0

See

R. Van Kooten

See V. Erkcan ÖzcanH. Kakuno

41#

Helicity Flip Suppressed by

~ ms/mb

0B

*RK

mix

ing

*LK

0B

Probing the polarization via Time-dependent CP violation in bsdecays

mtCmtSftBftB

ftBftBtA fcpfcp

cpcp

cpcpcp

cossin)()((

)()(()(

00

00

The value of SK*as a NP observable depends on SM uncertainties - recent work based on QCDF/SCET, considering the impact of bs(g) set SK*~ 0.1 - (Grinstein, Grossman, Ligeti, Pirjol PRD 71, 011504(2005), Grinstein, Pirjol, hep-ph/0510104)

(A. Atwood, M. Gronau & A. Soni (1997))

Within SM

2sin(

( 0

Lcp

Rcpcpfcp fBA

fBAS

Needs much more dataNeeds much more data

TDCP analysis requires modes common to B0 and B0(bar): e.g.

BK*(890)with K*K0 K0 Kswith r~x10-6

* 2 sin 2 0sK

b

mS

m

42#

Other tests with bsl+l-

FT = 1 – F0

K* pol. FL

C9C10 = -C9C10(SM)

SM

C7 = -C7(SM)Possible deviation from

SM at 95 c.l.

probe deviation of wilson of C7, C9, C10 from SM

Wrong sign C9C10 excluded

Cant exclude opposite sign C7 yet

43#

9( ) (3.5 0.9) 10sB B

WWZ

b W

W s

t

b

bt

0 0H A

6

4

tan( )s

A

B Bm

Leptonic Decays

Territory of Hadron machines:

SM

See R. Van Kooten

44#

Many New Ideas for the future of the Field

•High Rate Kaon experiments

•Lepton Flavor Violation experiments

•Super B experiments both at the energy Frontier (LHCB), and the luminosity frontier- e+e- colliders.

45#

Kaon physics

The ultimate goal is to measure the four “golden modes”:

Gino Isidori’s talk today

11103~42.2)(11108)( AWmtmvLKB

KL0– direct access to

) |V|) B( 2td K

The excellent control of theory in these modes makes them powerful probes of physics beyond the SM-

The effects are correlated and complementary to those in B decays.

46#

Dedicated experiment KEK E391aStarted 2004- 1st results

B(K00<2.86x10-7 (2005) (@90% c.l.)Aiming for <1.4x10-9

With further running proposed at J-parc.

Kaon physicsNo future Kaon program approved in the US- all recent proposed experiments turned down (AGS E949, FNAL CKM, FNAL 940, FNAL KAMI, BNL KOPIO).

Proposals at CERN (P326) and J-Parc (E391) for K+

See A. Ceccucci

Action is needed to keep KAONS at the heart of Flavour Physics & CP-Violation

A. Ceccucci

47#

e conversion at SINDRUM@PSI (< 7x10-13 )

• MECO (@BNL) was aiming for <10-16- cancelled now.

• Next : High purity muon beam at J-Parc (PRISM/PRIM)

Ne- N … aiming for <10-18

:MEG experiment at PSI aiming for <10-18

Lepton Flavor Violation T. Mori’s talk this morning,

&H. Kakuno

If found- constitutes clear signature for beyond the SM effect :

•Tau’s studies at the B factories– already setting limits order Br<10-7

With Super-B factories to reach sensitivities of ~10-8

48#

Super B/Flavor Factories >1010 B’s/year

Hope@5x1010 BB’s

LHCB @ Lint >1032 (~1010 B’s/year)

Super-Flavor Factories

e+e- superB: KEKB @ Lint =2x1035 /cm2/s (N. Katayama’s talk this session)

linear Super-B factory @ Lint >1036 /cm2/s(J. Seeman)

49#

Super B experiments

LHCB @ 1010 B’s/year Expects:

effective tagging: D2 ~ 6%

vs CDF ~5.5% & B Fac. 30%

Decay time resolution: ~ 40 fs

vs CDF ~ 87-200 fs & B Fac.- ~1 ps

For ms =20

BsDs

meas. Of ms<65 in 1 yr

See A. Schopper

50#

Novel ideas for e+e- super-B factory @ 1036 – J. Seeman

Requirements:1) Asymmetric energies

(4.5x6.2) (4x7) (3.5x8) (3 x 9)2) Small energy spread at the IP (<10 MeV)3) Low power consumption: ~100 MW4) Control beam-beam blowup to avoid long damping times

At least 4 different schemes are At least 4 different schemes are being consideredbeing considered Workable parameter set contains:Workable parameter set contains: - ILC damping ring,- ILC damping ring, - ILC bunch compressor,- ILC bunch compressor, - ILC Final Focus- ILC Final Focus

2 GeV Linac1.5 GeV Linac 1.5 GeV Linac

Linac

Damping Rings2 GeV

Linac

e+ Gun e- Gun

Several workshop has been dedicated to the design and more on the way

P. Raimondi

51#

•Most signs at FPCP2006 indicate that most of the goals of the FPCP2008 are reachable. The experiments are poised to take the planned data, and lots of energy and ideas for improving the theoretical inputs. We are in the precision phase.

•Given the large number of observables involved, a pattern is likely to emerge showing evidence for BSM physics. If we continue to see no deviation at these precisions, it’s still a great success- a “win win” situation. We’ll end up with a precisely constrained charged current sector of the Electroweak theory as a reference point for future searches for New Physics.

•Hope: Serious recognition is given to the fact that tackling any signs of New Physics found in direct observations at LHC requires other inputs- need at least one super-favor factory on the agenda; Hope to see Kaon and LFV programs in action.

•

Hopes & Dreams for FPCP2008

o

o

o

ubV

02.0)2sin

8)

105)

%5|)

& Vtd/Vts)<4%.