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Fire safety

Fire Safety, at its mostbasic, is based upon theprinciple of keeping fuelsources and ignition

sources separate.

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Principles of Fire

Fire is the end product of combustion or chemical reactionbetween 3 elements:

Fuel Oxygen Heat

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Choosing

Fire PreventionorExtinction

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Fire extinction

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When NOT to Fight a Fire!

Remember to keepan exit to your back

Only fight a fire inthe incipient stage

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Class A FiresThese fires involve common drycombustibles such as paper, trash and wood.

Types of fire, method of Fire fighting

A fireextinguisher

containingwater andpressurized gasshould beadequate for

small Class Afires, butnothing else.

Cool it down

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Types of fire, method of Fire fighting

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Class B FiresThis type involves liquid flammables such as oilor grease or gasoline.

Types of fire, method of Fire fighting

The fireextinguisher maycontain a supply ofCO2 which smothers

the flame withoutspreading it.This type may alsowork on electricalfires, but it won'tsmother Class A

fires effectively.A Class B fireextinguisher canemit dry ice duringuse, so avoid skincontact.

Cut off Oxygen

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Class C FiresThese fires are electrical in nature.

Types of fire, method of Fire fighting

A Class C fireextinguisher

either uses adry chemicalpowder oranother formof carbondioxide whichdoes notconductelectricity.

Remove the fuel

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Types of fire, method of Fire fighting

The Fire Tetrahedron

The different fuels have different atomic components

reacting with one an other in presence of heat andoxygen.

When fire occures chain reaction takes place and anyinterruption of chain reaction would result inextinguishments of fire. Thus chain reactions ,heat and

oxygen form tetrahedron.

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Class D FiresThese fires are chemical in nature, caused by reactivemetals, such as magnesium, sodium.

Types of fire, method of Fire fighting

The fireextinguisherseither break up or

at least repress thechemical reactionthat caused thefire.

Most home fire

extinguishers arenot rated to handlethem.

Break up the chemical reaction

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Types of fire, method of Fire fighting

Types ofFire

Symbol Principle of Firefighting

Fire fightingmethods

Wood/paper fire

Remove heat fromburning surface or

materials

Cooling-limitingtemperature

Oil fire Remove/restrict airfrom the burningsurface

Smothering/blanketing limiting O2

Electricalfire

Remove/restrict fuel Starvation limiting fuel

Chemicalfire

Break up the chemicalreaction

Suppressant

Fi ti i h t

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Fire extinguishment

The fire can be extinguished by removal of any ofthe following component

1. Fuel2. Oxygen3. Heat4. Chain Reaction

Fire Extinguishing Media

Water

Foam

CO2Steam

Inert Gas

Dry Chemical Powder

Sand

Small Fires Can BeExtinguished By

Blanketing

Beating Out

Removal