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1
Design of Solenoid and iron yoke Design of Solenoid and iron yoke for GLDfor GLD
KEK Hiroshi Yamaoka Ken-ichi Tanaka
July 13, ‘05
2
Introduction
Yoke Design - Design against magnetic field - Design against forces - Assembly procedure - Cable path - Support for sub-detectors - Access plan to the sub-detector
Solenoid Design - Coil/superconductor design - Cryostat design - Coil support - Assembly/Installation - Thermal design - Cryogenics system
Cable
Earthquake
Self-weight
Mag. force
Solenoid Iron Yoke
BUniformity
H-Cal
EM Cal
TPC
Muon Tracker
VTX
Solenoid/Iron yoke Magnetic field: 3T
Mean radius: 4m
Uniformity(TPC): <2mm
3
Boundary conditionMagnetic Field Bc= 3 Tesla
Material: S10C(JIS) Carbon= 0.1wt%t=310MPae=205MPaallow=120MPa
Field Uniformity <2mm
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0100
101
102
103
104
105
106
H(A
/m)
B(T)
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.00
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Per
mea
bili
ty
B(T)
Permeability
These dimensions are fixed,Coil length, yoke dimensions are changed.
Belle
SolenoidZ2
R2
max
02
Zmmdz
Bz
Br
3T
4
R2.05m
R1.8m
R0.4m
R1.0m
0
2mm
1
8 layers
max
02
Zmmdz
Bz
Br*Air gap=10cm
<2mm
In the previous meeting(ACFA7 in Taipei),
Iron
2 layers coil + No correction Coil
Cryostat Inner radius 3.72mOuter radius 4.4mHalf length 5.25m
Coil Mean radius 4.0mHalf length 4.93m
3T4576 turns
741A/mm2
5338A81.0H1.8GJStored Energy
Central magnetic field
Nominal currentInductance
# of turns(2 layers)
Current density
4.2mm
30
mm
4.3mm
NbTi:Cu:Al= 1:0.9:15.6
Strand diameter: 1.23mm
Filament diameter: 20m
Jc in NbTi at 5T, 4.2K: > 2750A/mm2
Ic at 5T, 4.2K: > 20300A
(For ATLAS)
S uperconductor
5
Tesla Solenoid
24.5kA18.8kA
How in GLD solenoid?
Tesla Technical Design ReportPART IV
A Detector for TESLAMarch 2001
Editors: T.Benke, S.Bertolucci, R.D.Heuer, R.Settles
6
1001(%)max
min
B
BUnifCoil-L CoilL-M CoilL-C factor Bmin Bmax Bc Unif
3.83 3.33 0.5 1 2.787 3.038 2.9676 8.2623.83 3.33 0.5 2 2.976 3.109 3.0780 4.2783.83 3.33 0.5 2.5 2.972 3.042 3.0312 2.3013.83 3.33 0.5 2.8 2.955 3.014 2.9890 1.9583.83 3.33 0.5 2.9 2.977 3.036 3.0051 1.9433.83 3.33 0.5 3 2.977 3.036 2.9978 1.943
3.83 2.83 1 1.5 2.886 3.011 2.9838 4.1513.83 2.83 1 1.7 2.904 2.985 2.9719 2.7143.83 2.83 1 1.8 2.953 3.028 3.0096 2.4773.83 2.83 1 2 3.002 3.078 3.0351 2.4693.83 2.83 1 2.2 2.990 3.084 3.0118 3.0483.83 2.83 1 2.5 2.974 3.126 3.0142 4.862
Calculations
4.25m
Coil-L
Coil-M Coil-C
R4.
0m
Jcorr/Jmain
•To satisfy field homogeneity in TPC volume, this value must be at least less then 0.3%.
Hopeless...
72.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Un
ifo
rmit
y(%
)io(m)
dr io ithck dz eyinra eyinr Coil-LCoilL-Main
CoilL-Corr Ratio Bmin Bmax Bc Unif
0.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.47 0.75 4.43 3.43 1 1.5 2.970 2.998 2.976 0.9340.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.47 0.75 4.43 3.43 1 1.3 2.993 3.040 3.031 1.5460.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.47 0.75 4.43 3.43 1 1.4 3.035 3.067 3.031 1.043
0.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.47 0.75 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.955 2.977 2.960 0.739
0.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.957 2.977 2.961 0.6720.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.83 0.6 2.0 2.980 3.018 2.989 1.2590.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 4.03 0.4 2.0 2.981 3.004 3.000 0.7660.4 3.6 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.98 0.45 2.0 3.001 3.022 3.015 0.695
0.6 3.4 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.997 3.013 3.001 0.5310.8 3.2 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.993 3.007 2.996 0.466
1 3 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.989 2.998 2.991 0.3001.2 2.8 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.998 3.004 3.000 0.2001.4 2.6 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.995 2.998 2.997 0.1001.6 2.4 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.992 2.999 2.998 0.2331.5 2.5 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.997 3.001 3.000 0.1331.3 2.7 0.5 0.18 0.4 0.6 4.43 3.93 0.5 2.0 2.998 3.002 2.999 0.133
1001(%)max
min
B
BUnif
Coil-L
Coil-M Coil-C
io
4.25m
R4.
0m
dz
Added! Jcorr/Jmain
8
8 layers
Iron
7 layers
*Air gap=10cm
A’. Unif.<2mm, No correction Coil
B. Unif.<20mm, No correction Coil
2mm
18mm0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
-0.6
-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
Distance from center (m)
Un
ifo
rmit
y(m
m)
6 layers
A. Unif.<2mm, With correction Coil
-0.6mm
Coil length(Half)=4.43m Coil length(Half)=4.93m
Coil length(Half)=4.68m
9
Magnetic Field/Flux lines
Magnetic Field in the TPC
0 10 20 30 40 501E-4
1E-3
0.01
0.1
1
Mag
net
ic F
ield
(T)
Distance from center(m)
Leakage Field along the beam line
A. Unif.<2mm, With correction Coil, Air gap=10cm
Max. 2.998T
Min. 2.994T
10
Magnetic Field/Flux lines
Magnetic Field in the TPC
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
Distance from center (m)
Un
ifo
rmit
y (
mm
)
In case of Air gap=5cm + Corr. coil
- Half Coil length:
4.32m (5cm gap)
4.43m (10cm gap)
- Width of Iron Yoke
7.14m (5cm gap)
7.45m (10cm gap)
11
Stress/deformation of Iron Yoke
Earthquake
Self-weight
Mag. force
7700tons
0.3GxSelf-weight
18400tons
27
2
0
2
841042
3
2
S
BFZ
= 18400tons
ANSYS: 18342tons
Self-weightSeismic force
Magnetic force
Symmetry is NOT defined!
12
7700tons
0.8mm
Thickness= 5cm
Support positions
1.5mm
Results
Stress level is small enough.
0.3G
Seismic force
Against Self-weight
13
Fixed(Faces)
Fixed(Faces)
18400tons
End Yoke
4mm
55MPa<120MPa(a)
Results
14
2 layers coil + Correction Coil(4 layers)
4.2mm
30
mm
4.3mm
NbTi:Cu:Al= 1:0.9:15.6
Strand diameter: 1.23mm
Filament diameter: 20m
Jc in NbTi at 5T, 4.2K:
> 2750A/mm2
Ic at 5T, 4.2K: > 20300A
(Based on ATLAS coil)
S uperconductor
6.5mm
45
mm
2 layers4 layers
50cm t30mm
10cm 5cm(-0.55) - 0 (-0.3) - (+0.25)
Cryostat Inner radius 3.72m 3.72mOuter radius 4.4m 4.4mHalf length 4.75m 4.64m
Weight(tons) 191 186Coil Mean radius 4.0m 4.0m
Half length 4.43m 4.32mWeight(tons) 78 76
3T 3T2880 2812
741A/mm2 741A/mm2
7956A 8159A1.60GJ 1.56GJStored Energy
Central magnetic field
Nominal current
# of turns(2 layers)
Current density
2 layer+Correction CoilConfig.Air Gap
Uniformity(mm)
Solenoid magnet t40mm
t60mm
t100mm
Al support cylinder
150.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5
- 40
- 20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Str
ess
(MP
a)
Distance from center (m)
Von Mises
Axial direction
Co
mp
ress
ion
Stress level in the coil (By K. Tanaka)
Development of High-strength Al
4.43m(Half)
R4.
0m
Support cylinder(t=30mm, Aluminum)
Conductor(h=45mm)
7mm 3mm
Deformation of the coil (By K.Tanaka)
Solenoid center
By Makida
Circum. direction
16
118MPa<140MPa
9mm
t=40mm(Outer vac. wall)
t=60mm(Inner vac. wall)t=100mm(End plate)
2000tons
Fixed Fixed
2000tons
x0.3G
Fixed Fixed
9mm
125MPa
Material: SUS304
Cryostat
17
2mm+No Corr 20mm+No corr10cm 5cm
(-0.55) - 0 (-0.3) - (+0.25) (+0.2) - (+2) (+4) - (+18)Barrel 5 layers 5 layers 5 layers 5 layers
Yoke End 6 layers 6 layers 8 layers 7 layersWidth(Half) 7.45m 7.14m 8.45m 7.7m
B.Yoke(tons) 7900 7600 9100 7950E.Yoke(tons) 2000x2 2000x2 2450x2 2250x2
Detector(tons) 3000 3000 3000 3000Total(tons) 14900 14600 17000 15450
Cryostat Inner radius 3.72m 3.72m 3.72m 3.72mOuter radius 4.4m 4.4m 4.4m 4.4mHalf length 4.75m 4.64m 5.25m 5.0m
Weight(tons) 191 186 211 201Coil Mean radius 4.0m 4.0m 4.0m 4.0m
Half length 4.43m 4.32m 4.93m 4.63mWeight(tons) 78 76 82 77
3T 3T 3T 3T2880 2812 4586 turns 4306turns
741A/mm2 741A/mm2 741A/mm2 741A/mm2
7956A 8159A 5338A 5338A1.60GJ 1.56GJ 1.77GJ 1.67GJ
Uniformity(mm)
Stored Energy
Central magnetic field
Nominal current
# of turns(2 layers)
Current density
2mm+Corr. Coil10cm
Config.Air Gap
Conclusion
H-CalSolenoid
Main track
EM-CalIron Yoke
Moun
t=50mm
2 layers
Solenoid Magnet
2 layers4 layers
- 2 layers coil + 4 layers coil(L=500mm at both ends).- Same current density.-Power supply for the correction coil is not necessary.
50cm
18
Next step
Urgent! Assembly procedure Required space for detector hall
Solenoid Coil support Solenoid support Assembly/Installation, etc.
Iron Yoke Support structure for barrel/end yoke Easy/quick access device Construction procedure Design support structure for inner detector
Other items
19
20
SolenoidIron Yoke
B=3T
Coil/superconductor design - Optimize coil configuration 2 layers coil+ Al support cylinder + Correction coil? → Calculation: Magnetic force on the coil - Superconductor design Conductor size, Material(Al?, Cu?) → Calculation: Load line, Quench simulationCoil support system - Configuration(Rod?, triangle shape?, string?), size? → Calculation: De-centering/shifted force Self-weight, Thermal load Coil supports have to withstand these forces.Cryostat design - Calculate required wall thickness. Calorimeter is supported on the inner vacuum wall. - How support?Assembly/Installation - Assembling procedure. - How install/support the solenoid into the yoke.Cooling schemeThermal designCryogenics systemPower Supply
Task list for MagnetTask list for Magnet
Tesla
Correction coil
R4.
0m
21
Magnetic field calculation - Optimize iron yoke configuration Field uniformity<2mm +Correction coil Try to loose amount of ironSupport structure for iron yoke (barrel yoke/end yoke) How support the yoke against forces. Fixture, Bolts? Configuration, Size → Calculation: Self-weight, magnetic force, seismic force? The size of support → Minimize as possibleYoke assembling Size/Weight of one layer(plate) → Out of (Fabrication, transportation,crane?) limit. → Assembled from several piece of segments.Segment configuration with keeping stiffness as complete one structure has to be considered.Construction Make a construction procedure → Easy/quick construction with high assembling accuracy. Adjust way to the beam line/levelMaintenance procedures Design: Easy/quick access mechanism to the inner detector. Design support structure for inner detector
Cable
Earthquake
Self-weight
Mag. force
Solenoid
Barrel Yoke
BUniformity
Task list for Iron YokeTask list for Iron Yoke
Tesla
End Yoke
22
Priority
Magnetic field calculation
- Optimize iron yoke configuration 1
Field uniformity<2mm +Correction coil
Support structure for iron yoke (barrel yoke/end yoke)
Fixture, Bolts? Configuration, Size 1
How support the yoke against the following forces.
→ Calculation: Self-weight, magnetic force, seismic force? 1
Yoke assembling
Size/Weight of one layer(plate)
→ Out of (Fabrication, transportation,crane?) limit.
→ Assembled from several piece of segments. 2
Make an engineering drawing
- Rough 2
- Detail 3
Construction
Make a construction procedure
→ Easy/quick construction with high assembling accuracy. 3
Adjust way to the beam line/level 3
Maintenance procedures 3
Design: Easy/quick access mechanism to the inner detector. 2
Design support structure for inner detector 3
Estimation of required space for; 2
- Coil winding
- Cryogenic system
- Yoke assembling.
Required crane capacity 2
Task list for the Iron YokePriority
Coil/superconductor design
- Optimize coil configuration 1
2 layers coil+ Al support cylinder + Correction coil?
→ Calculation: Magnetic force on the coil 1
- Superconductor design
Conductor size, Material(Al?, Cu?) 1
→ Calculation: Load line, Quench simulation 2,3
Coil support system
- Configuration(Rod?, triangle shape?, string?), size? 3
- Calculation: De-centering/shifted force 2
Cryostat design
- Calculate required wall thickness. 1
Calorimeter is supported on the inner vacuum wall.
- Supprt structure 2
Make an engineering drawing
- Rough 2
- Detail 3
Assembly/Installation
- Assembling procedure. 2
- How install/support the magnet into iron yoke. 3
Cooling scheme 3
Thermal design 2
Cryogenics system 3
Power Supply 3
Task list for the solenoid magnet
23
Max. 8.5mm
208MPa>120MPa
Fixed(Edge)
Stress/deformation of End Yoke