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DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY
RAVENSHAW UNIVERSITY, CUTTACK
M. A. SYLLABUS 2014-16
Total number of Courses in four semesters = 20 (5 in each Semester)
Number of Core Courses in four semesters = 18
Number of Elective Courses = 02 (third and fourth semester)
Contact hour for each class= 1 hour
Contact hours for each Course = 4 hours per week
Credit for each Course = 4
Marks for each Course = 50 (Final Exam 40 marks + Mid-term Exam 10 marks)
Duration of examination = 03 hours
Courses in Semester I
PHL 1.1.1 - Indian Metaphysics
PHL 1.1.2 - Western Metaphysics
PHL 1.1.3 - Ethics and Meta-ethics
PHL 1.1.4 – Symbolic Logic
PHL 1.1.5 – Philosophy of M. K. Gandhi
Courses in Semester II
PHL 1.2.6– Indian Epistemology
PHL 1.2.7 – Western Epistemology
PHL1.2.8 – Applied Ethics
PHL 1.2.9 – Philosophy of Mind
PHL 1.2.10 – Indian Philosophy Today
2
Courses in Semester III
PHL 2.3.11 – Philosophy of Science
PHL 2.3.12 – Philosophical Classics (Indian)
PHL 2.3.13 –Contemporary Political Philosophy
PHL 2.3.14 – Post-Kantian Western Philosophy
PHL 2.3.15 – (SET 1) Vedānta I/(SET 2) Early Wittgenstein/(SET 3) Bio-Ethics/(SET 4)
Consciousness-I
Courses in Semester IV
PHL 2.4.16 – Philosophical Classics (Western)
PHL 2.4.17 –Indian Ethics
PHL 2.4.18- Phenomenology and Existentialism
PHL 2.4.19- Philosophy of Language
PHL 2.4.20- (SET 1) Vedānta II/ (SET 2) Later Wittgenstein/ (SET 3) Environmental Ethics/
(SET 4) Consciousness-II
Standby Courses
Philosophy of Religion
Contemporary Indian Philosophy
3
COURSE PHL 1.1.1
INDIAN METAPHYSICS
Unit – I Spiritualism in Indian Tradition
Brahman (Upanisad, sankara, Ramanuj)
Soul (Nyaya)
Vijnanavada (Budhism)
Unit – II Materialstic and dualistic Philosophy in Indian Tradition
Carvak materialism, Jaina dualism, Vaisesika atomism, Samkhya dualism
Unit – III Theories of liberation in Indian Tradition
Nirvana, mosksa, kaivalya, mukti, Vaikunthaprapti
Suggested Readings:
Dasgupta, S.N., History of Indian Philosophy, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 1973
Hiriyanna, M., Outlines of Indian Philosophy, George Allen & Unwin, London, 1973.
Kar, Bijay, The Philosophy of Lokayata, MLBD, 2013
Sharma, C.D., A Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy, Motilal Banarasidass, Delhi
Supplementary Readings:
M. Philips, Teachings of the Vedas, Ch.3, Seema Publishers, Delhi, 1976.
F. Max Muller, The Vedas, The Ideological Book House, Varanasi, 1969.
A.B. Keith, The Religion and Philosophy of the Vedas and the Upanisads, Part-V, Sections
26 & 27, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 1976.
R. C. Zaehner, Hinduism, Chapters 1 & 2, Oxford University Press, London, 1966.
K. K. Mittal, Materialism in Indian Thought, Munshiram Manoharlal, New Delhi, 1974.
D. P. Chattopadhyaya, Lokayata
S. Radhakrishnan, Indian Philosophy Vols 1 & 2 Allen & Unwin. London. (Indian Edition)
4
COURSE PHL 1.1.2
WESTERN METAPHYSICS
Unit-I
Definition, Nature and Scope of Metaphysics, Appearance and Reality, Doctrine of Reality
(Monism, Dualism and Pluralism)
Unit-II
Substance (Plato: Theory of Ideas, Aristotle: Form and Matter) and Universals
Space, Time and Causality
Unit- III
Critique of Metaphysics (Empiricist, Logical Positivist and Wittgenstein)
Suggested Readings:
The Cambridge Companion to Metaphysics, CUP
M.J. Loux, Metaphysics, A Contemporary Introduction, third edition, Routledge, 2006
Walsh, W.H, Metaphysics, Hutchingson
Supplementary Readings:
Aristotle, Metaphysics
Kant, Critique of Pure Reason
F .H. Bradley, Appearance and Reality, OUP
Richard Taylor, Metaphysics, Prentice Hall
David Hales (ed.), Metaphysics: Contemporary Readings
H. Putnam, Realism with a Human Face
Richard Swinburne, Space and Time
Bruce Aune, Metaphysics The Elements, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis,
London, 1985, fourth printing 1998
Brian Garrett, What is this thing called metaphysics? Routledge, 2006
Wiggins, David and Tim Crane, “Metaphysics” in Philosophy 1, A Guide through the Subject,
A.C. Grayling (ed.), OUP, 1995
E. Conee & T. Sider, Riddles of Existence, A Guide Tour of Metaphysics, Clarendon Press,
Oxford, 2005
5
COURSE PHL 1.1.3
ETHICS AND META-ETHICS
Unit-I
Moral Concepts: Good (Cognitive- non-cognitive, intrinsic-extrinsic), Right, Duty, Moral
Obligation, Virtue
Unit- II
Consequentialism (Bentham and Mill), Deontology (Kant) and Contextualism
Unit- III
Meta-ethical Theories:
Ethical Cognitivism (Ethical realism and intuitionism) G.E. Moore's Concept of Good and
Ethical non-cognitivism [, Emotivism (Ayer, Stevenson), Prescriptivism (Hare)]
Suggested Readings:
Piers Benn, Ethics, University of Leeds, 1998
J.L. Mackie, Ethics, Penguin.
W.D. Hudson, Modern Moral Philosophy, Macmilan
William K. Frankena, Ethics, Prentice Hall Publication, Latest Edition
Supplementary Readings:
Aristotle, Nichomachean Ethics
G.E. Moore, Principia Ethica
G.E. Moore, Ethics, OUP, Latest Ed Chapt.l & 2.
R.M. Hare, The Language of Morals OUP
_____________, Freedom and Reason OUP
Mark Timmons, Moral Theory An Introduction, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2002
Beauchamp, Tom L., Philosophical Ethics, 2nd edition, McGraw-Hill Inc, New York, London, 1991
W.W. Baron, P. Petit and M. Slote, The Method of Ethics, Blackwell, 1997
.
Mary Warnock, Ethics Since 1900, OUP, 1979.
Ayer, A. J., Language, Truth and Logic, Penguin Books
C.L. Stevenson, The Emotive Meaning of Ethical Terms
Immanuel Kant, Moral Law, BI. Publication Delhi
6
COURSE PHL 1.1.4
SYMBOLIC LOGIC
CONTACT HOURS 100
Unit – I
Argument -Truth and Validity
Simple and Compound Statements
Argument forms and Truth Tables
Statement forms
Formal Proof of Validity
Proving Invalidity
Unit – II
The Rule of Conditional Proof
The Rule of Indirect Proof
Proofs of Tautologies
The Strengthened Rule of Conditional Proof
Shorter Truth Table Technique
Unit- III
Symbolization of Sentences into Propositional functions and Quantifiers
Preliminary Quantification Rules
Proving Invalidity
Multiply -General Propositions
Quantification Rules
Logical Truths involving Quantifiers
Prescribed Text:
I. M. Copi, Symbolic Logic, New Delhi, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.
Suggested Readings:
Patrick Suppes, Introduction to Logic, New Delhi: East West Press Pvt. Ltd.
I.M. Copi, & Carl Cohen, Introduction to Logic, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.
Cohen and Nagel, Logic and Scientific Method
7
COURSE PHL 1.1.5
PHILOSOPHY OF M.K. GANDHI
Unit – I
Philosophical Anthropology: Concept of Human Nature, Original goodness and human
perfectibility
Unit – II
Social and Political thought: Swaraj, Swadeshi, Satyagraha, Sarvodaya, Religion and Politics,
Concept of Power, Truth in politics and society, Ahimsa as a creed and Policy.
Unit – III
Concept of Swaraj and the contemporary issues: rights of Minorities, Swaraj in Ideas and
Cultures, Gandhism and Marxism.
Suggested Readings:
Iyer, Raghavan (ed.), The Essential Writings of Mahatma Gandhi, Oxford Univ. Press, India
1991. (Relevant Portions).
Iyer, Raghavan, The Moral and Political Thought of Mahatma Gandhi,. Oxford Univ. Press
India, (relevant portions)
Datta, D.M., The Philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi, Calcutta University.
Dalton, Dennis, Power of Gandhi: Non-Violence in Action
Pieterse, Jan Nederveen & Parekh Bhikhu The Decolonization of Imagination
Partha Chatterjee, Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World, Oxford Univ. Press
Parel, Anthny J. (ed) (2009), ‘Hind Swaraj’ and Other Writings, Cambridge University Press
8
COURSE PHL 1.2.6
INDIAN EPISTEMOLOGY
Unit- I
Kinds of Pramanas:
Pratyaksa: savikalpaka and nirvikalpaka
Anumāna, yukti,vyapti, hetvabhasa
Unit- II
Sabda (Nyāya, Sāmkhya, Vedānta)
Arthāpati, anupalabdhi
Svatahprāmānyavāda and Paratahprāmānyavāda, Hetvābhāsa
Unit- III
(Khyātivāda): Akhyāti, Ātmakhyati, Viparitakhyāti, Satkhyāti
Anyathākhyati and Annirvachaniyakhyāti
Suggested Readings:
Datta, D.M., The Six ways of Knowing, Calcutta University Press
Kar, Bijayananda, Theories of Error in Indian Philosophy
Kar, Bijayananda, The Philosophy of Lokayata, MLBD, 2013
Rao, Srinivasa, Perceptual Error: The Indian Theories, University Press of Hawaii
Sharma, C. D., A Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy, MLBD, New Delhi
Supplementary Readings:
1. Annambhatta : Tarkasangraha
2. Dharmaraja Adhvarindra : Vedanta Paribhasa
3. Dinnaga : Nyāyapravesa
4. Visvanatha : Bhasapariccheda
5. Uddyotakara : Nyāavartika
6. Radhakrishnan,S : Indian Philosophy, Vol. II.
7. Barlingay, S.S. : A Modem Introduction to Indian Logic
8. F. Th. Stcherbatsky : Buddhist Logic, Vol. 1& II
9. B.K. Matilal : Perception, Oxford University Press
10. B.K. Matilal : Logic, Language & Reality
13. Rāmānuja : Vedārthasamgraha
14. Mādhva : Visnutattvavinirnaya
15. Swami Satprakasananda : Methods of Knowledge
9
16. Chatterjee & Datta : Introduction to Indian Philosophy
10
COURSE PHL 1.2.7
WESTERN EPISTEMOLOGY
Unit-I
Knowledge, Truth and Justification, Gettier Problem
Unit- II
Theories of Knowledge: Foundationalism, The Coherence Theory of Justification and
Reliabilism
Unit-III
Naturalised epistemology, Internalism and Externalism
Suggested Readings:
Noah Lemos, An Introduction to the Theory of Knowledge, CUP, 2007
R.M. Chisolm, Theory of Knowledge (3rd Ed), Prentice Hall, India, New Delhi
A. Stroll (Ed), Epistemology: New Essays in the Theory of Knowledge
J. L. Pollock, Contemporary Theories of Knowledge, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers Inc.,
1986
Robert Audi, Belief, Knowledge and Justification, Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1988
Supplementary Readings:
A. J. Ayer, The Problem of Knowledge, Penguin Book.
D.M. Armstrong, Belief, Truth and Knowledge, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1976
Karl Popper, Objective Knowledge, RKP, London
Plato, Meno, trans. G. M. A. Grube, Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing, 1976
11
COURSE PHL 1.2.8
APPLIED ETHICS
Unit- I
About Ethics, Environment and man: Anthropocentric, Bio centric and Eco-centric views,
Shallow and Deep ecology, Ethics of care, Legality and Morality.
Unit- II
Business Ethics: Profit and Ethics, Advertisement and Ethics, Corporate Social
Responsibility towards Stakeholders
Unit- III
Sanctity of Life: Abortion, Euthanasia
Doctor- Patient relationship, Genetic Engineering
Suggested Readings:
Singer, P., Practical Ethics (Cambridge Univ. Press)
Blackwell Companions to Philosophy, A Companion to Ethics, Edited by Peter Singer
Beauchamp, T.L., LeRoy Walters, Contemporary Issue in Bioethics, Wadsworth Publishing
Company, 1989.
Almond, Brenda (ed.), Introducing Applied Ethics, Blackwell, UK
Supplementary Readings:
Evans, J.D.G., Moral Philosophy and Contemporary Problems, CUP
Rachels, James (ed.). Moral Problems (Third Ed) 1979, Harper & Row
Beauchamp, T.L., Principle of Biomedical Ethics, Recent Edition
Fox, R. & Marco, J.De, New Directions in Ethics, Routledge & Kegan Paul
Cohen, M and Nagel, T., War and Moral Responsibility, Princeton
Dennett, J.C., Nuclear Weapons and the Conflict of Conscience (OUP)
Russell, B., Common sense and Nuclear Warfare, Penguin
Hayward. T., Ecological Thought, Polity Press, UK
Thironx, J.P., Ethics: Theory and Practice (Glencoe pub. Co. Inc. California
Velasquez, Manuel, G., Business Ethics: Concept and Cases, 5th
edition, Pearson
Prentice Hall, New Delhi, 2002.
12
COURSE PHL 1.2.9
PHILOSOPHY OF MIND
UNIT I
Soul, Mind, Mental Phenomena, Consciousness
UNIT II
Third-Person Account, First Person Account, Intentionality, Dualism, Identity Theory
UNIT III
Person Theory, Parallelism, Epiphenomenalism, Functionalism
Prescribed Book:
Shaffer, Jerome A., Philosophy of Mind, PHI, 1994
Heil, John, Philosophy of Mind: A Contemporary Introduction, New York, Routledge,
Second edition, 2004
COURSE PHL 1.2.10
INDIAN PHILOSOPHY TODAY
Unit-I
G. Misra, “Metaphysical Models and Conflicting Cultural Patterns” (Chapter 8 of
Indian Philosophy Today, Ed. N.K.Devaraj, Macmillan, New Delhi)
J.N.Mohanty, “Subject and Person: Eastern and Western Modes of Thinking about
Man” (Chapter 8 of his book Essays on Indian Philosophy, Ed. P. Bilimoria, Oxford,
New Delhi).
Unit-II
S.S.Barlingay, “Reunderstanding Indian Philosophy”, “Concepts in the Philosophy of
Indian Origin” (Chapters 1 and 2 of his book Reunderstanding Indian Philosophy,
DKPrintworld (P) Ltd., New Delhi).
Unit-III
Daya Krishna, “Three Myths about Indian Philosophy”, “Three Conceptions of Indian
Philosophy” (Chapters 1 and 2 of his book Indian Philosophy, Oxford Universities
Press, Delhi).
13
COURSE PHL 2.3.11
PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Unit- I
The Nature of Science and Its Method
Scientific Explanation
Unit-II
Principle of Verifiability, Principle of Confirmability and Paradox of Confirmation
Karl Popper’s Critique of Positivism
Falsifiability and Scientific Progress
Unit-III
Thomas Kuhn:
Scientific Revolution as Paradigm Shift
Scientific Progress
Books for reading:
1. Toulmin, S., The Philosophy of Science: An Introduction, Hutchinson
2. Hempel, C. G., Philosophy of Natural Science, Prentice-Hall
3. ---------- Aspect of Scientific Explanation, Free Press, New York, 1968.
4. Nagel, Ernst, The Structure of Science: Problems in Logic of Scientific Explanation,
RKP, London, 1961.
5. Popper, Karl., The Logic of Scientific Discovery
6. Khun, Thomas., The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Chicago University Press
Books for Reference:
1. Laudan, Larry, Progress and its problems: Towards a Theory of Scientific Growth,
RKP, London, 1977.
2. Losee, John, A Historical Introduction to Philosophy of Science, Oxford University
Press, 1972.
3. Anthony O’ Hear, An Introduction to Philosophy of Science, Oxford, 1993.
4. Cohen, M and Nagel, E., An introduction to logic and scientific method. New York,
Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1934.
14
5.
COURSE PHL 2.3.12
PHILOSOPHICAL CLASSIC (INDIAN)
(Any one of the following)
1. Vedantaparibhasa
2. Samhya Sutras
3. Yoga Sutra
4. Vivekacudamani
5. Aparoksanubhuti of Samkara
6. Vakyavrtti of Samkara
7. Prasna Upanisad
8. Kena Upanisad
9. Mundaka Upanisad
10. Katha Upanisad
11. The Bhagavadgita, Chapter II
12. The Bhagavata, Skanda Eleven
13. Advaita Parambrahma Darsanam of Biswanath Baba
14. Sri Aurobindo, Foundations of Indian Culture
15
COURSE PHL 2.3.13
CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY
Unit-I
Politics of utilitarianism, critique of utilitarianism; liberal equality: the rawlsian project:
justice as fairness, the first principle of justice, the second principle of justice
Unit-II
Marxism: communist justice: exploitation, needs, alienation; politics of Marxism
communitarianism, individual rights versus common good
Unit-III
Multiculturalism: multiculturalism and nation-building process, models of multiculturalism,
politics of multiculturalism, feminism and ethics of care
Prescribed Readings:
1. Contemporary Political Philosophy: An Introduction by Will Kymlicka. Oxford:
Oxford University Press, Second Edition, 2002.
2. Political Philosophy by Dudley Knowles. London: Routledge, 2001.
Suggested Readings:
1. Political Philosophy: A Very Short Introduction by David Miller. New York: Oxford
University Press. 2003.
2. Political Philosophy: Classic and Contemporary Readings. Edited by Louis P.
Pomona, New York: McGraw-Hill, 2002.
3. The Blackwell Guide to Social and Political Philosophy. Edited by Robert L. Simon.
Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2002.
4. A Companion to Feminist Philosophy. Edited by Alison M. Jaggar and Iris Marion
Young. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 1998.
16
COURSE PHL 2.3.14
POST-KANTIAN WESTERN PHILOSOPHY
Unit-I
Hegel: Dialectical Method, The nature of Spirit
Marx: Dialectical Method, Historical Materialism
Unit-II
Schopenhauer: The Nature of Will
James: Pragmatism
Nietzsche: The Nature of Will to Power and Superman
Unit-III
Bradley: Nature of Reality
Derrida: Deconstruction
Habermas: Critical Theory and Communicative Action
Suggested Readings:
Russell, Bertrand: History of Philosophy and its Connection with Political and Social
Circumstances from the Earliest Times the Present Day
Coppolston, F.: A History of Philosophy
Thilly, F.: A History of Philosophy
Dutta, D.M.: Chief Currents of Contemporary Philosophy
Supplementary Readings:
Stace, W. T.: Philosophy of Hegel
Nietzsche: Oxford Reader
Nietzsche: Deconstruction Reader
Nietzsche: Postmodern Reader
Moran, D.: Introduction to Phenomenology
Derida, J.: Of Grammatology (Introduction)
17
COURSE PHL 2.3.15
SET 1
VEDĀNTA I
(Special Paper: Vedanta: Bramhmasutra with the Bhasya of Adi Samkaracarya)
Unit-I Adhyasa
Unit-II The four sutras
Unit-III Critique of Samkhya dualism, Critique of Nyaya-Vaisesika atomism
Source Books
1. Brahma-Sutra Bhasya of Sankaracarya, (Tr.) Swami Gambhirananda, Advaita
Ashram, Kolkata.
2. Brahma Sutra, (Tr.) Swami Vireswarananda, Advaita Ashram, Kolkata.
3. Rasvihary Das, Introduction to Shankara, Firma KLM, Pvt. Ltd., Kolkata.
18
COURSE PHL 2.3.15
SET 2
EARLY WITTGENSTEIN
Unit-I
Logical atomism, atomic facts, elementary propositions, truth functions
Unit-II
The picture theory of meaning, objects
Unit-III
Limits of language; the nature of philosophy, solipcism
Prescribed books:
Wittgenstein, L., Notebooks
Wittgenstein, L., Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
Suggested readings: Wittgenstein, L The Blue and Brown Books,
Wittgenstein, L, Philosophical Grammar
Black, Max, A companion to Wittgenstein’s Tractatus
Kenny, A., Wittgenstein
Pitcher, G., The Philosophy of Wittgenstein
Chandra, Suresh, Wittgenstein: New Perspectives, ICPR
Vohra, Ashok (trans.), (Ludwig Wittgenstein), On Certainty, ICPR
Pradhan, R.C., Recent Developments in Analytic Philosophy, ICPR
Pears,D E., Wittgenstein
19
COURSE PHL 2.3.15
SET 3
BIO-ETHICS
Unit-I
Ethical Theory and Bioethics: Major Ethical Principles (Respect for Autonomy, Beneficence,
Justice), Ethics, Law and Public Policy
Unit-II
Conceptual Foundation: The Beginning and End of Life, Concept of Personhood, The
Concept of Mental Illness
Units-III
Biomedical Research and Technology: Issues in Human and Animal Research, Genetic
Technology
Unit-IV
Health Policy: Occupational Safety and Health, Competition and Profit in Health Care
Unit-V
The Patient-Professional Relationship: Professional Codes and Obligations, Patient’s Rights
(The course instructor will prescribe the readings from the prescribed course book.)
Prescribed Readings:
Beauchamp, Tom L and Walters, LeRoy, Contemporary Issues in Bioethics, Wadsworth
Publishing Company, California, 1989.
Suggested readings:
Rachels, James, The Elements of Moral Philosophy, New York, 1986.
Regan, Tom, ed. Matter of Life and Death New York, 1986.
Glover, Jonathan, Causing and Saving Lives, New York, 1977.
Singer, Peter, Practical Ethics, New York, 1979
20
COURSE PHL 2.3.15
SET 4
CONSCIOUSNESS-I
Unit- I
Consciousness:
Existence of consciousness, Features of consciousness, Theories of consciousness.
Unit – II
Intentionality: Its possibility, Its structure: proposition content and psychological mode,
Internalism vs Externalism, Collective Intentionality.
Unit – III
Prescribed Readings:
John Searle, Mind: A Brief Introduction, New York, Oxford University Press, 2004
John Searle, The Rediscovery of Mind
John Heil Philosophy of Mind: A Contemporary Introduction, New York, Routledge, Second
edition, 2004
Edward Feser Philosophy of Mind: A Short Introduction by. Oxford: Oneworld, Second
Edition, 2007
Suggested Readings:
Jaegwon Kim, Philosophy of Mind Oxford: Oxford University Press, Second Edition, 2006.
E. J. Lowe, An Introduction to the Philosophy of Mind, Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 2004.
Brian Berkley and Peter Ludlow (ed.), The Philosophy of Mind: Classical
Problems/Contemporary Issues, New Delhi: Prentice Hall of India, (Originally published by
MIT Press), Second Edition, 2007
Samuel Guttenplan (ed.), A Companion to the Philosophy of Mind Blackwell Published,
Recent Edition, 2001
Chalmers, D.J., The Conscious Mind, Oxford.
Shetta, J., Philosophy of Mind, Prentice Hall.
21
COURSE PHL 2.4.16
PHILOSOPHICAL CLASSICS (WESTERN)
(Any one of the following)
Aristotle, Nichomachean Ethics
Rene Descartes,Meditations on the First Philosophy
Benedict Spinoza, Ethics
G.W. Leibnitz, Monadology
John Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
George Berkeley, Principles of Human Knowledge, and Three Dialogues Between
Hylas and Philonous
David Hume, Enquiries Concerning the Human Understanding
Kant, Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics
Bradley, Appearance and Reality, Part I
Heidegger, What is Called Thinking
Antony Flew, Thinking About Thinking
Peter Winch, The Idea of Social Science
A.J.Ayer, The Problem of Knowledge
P.F.Strawson, Analysis and Metaphysics
G. Ryle, Dilemmas
22
COURSE PHIL 2.4.17
INDIAN ETHICS
Unit-I
The Purusārthas
Varna dharma and Āshram dharma
Unit- II
Buddhist Ethics: Triratnas, Brhmavihāras and Panchaśila.
Jaina Ethics: Ahimsā, Anuvratas and Mahāvratas
Unit- III
Gandhian Ethics
Ethics of Bhagavad Gita
Prescribed Readings:
Surama Dasgupta, Development of Moral Philosophy in India, Munshiram Manoharlal
Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
S.S.Barlingay, A Modern Introduction to Indain Ethics, Penman, New Delhi.
S.K.Maitra, The Ethics of the Hindus, Calcutta University.
I.C.Sharma, Ethical Philosophies of India
Suggested readings:
Mangala R. Chinchore, Krtapranasa and Akrtaabhyagama, “An analysis, Defence and
Rationale of the Buddhist theory of Action”, IPQ, No. 2 Vol. 18, April, 1991
D. K. Chakraborty, Problems of Analytic Ethics, Manthan Prakash, Guwahati
B. G. Tilak, Srimadbhagavadgita Rahasya
Surama Das Gupta, Development of Moral Philosophy in India
Rajendra Prasad, Karma, Causation and Retributive Morality
Purusottam Bilmoria, Chapter on Indian Ethics in Manual of Ethics ed. by Peter Singer
Purusottam Bilmoria, Indian Ethics
M. Hiriyana, The Indian conception of Values
23
COURSE PHL2.4.18
PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE
Unit- I
Frege’s theory of Sense and Reference, Russell’s theory of Definite Description
Logical Positivism: Verifiability Theory of Meaning
Unit- II
Wittgenstein on Language:
Picture theory of Meaning, Limits of Thought, Language Game and Private Language
Unit-III
Quine on Language and Meaning
Davidson on Truth and Meaning
Suggested Readings: Milton, K. Contemporary Analytic Philosophy
Morris, Michael, Introduction to Philosophy of Language, CUP, 2007
Miller, Alexander, Philosophy of Language, Routledge, 2007
Lycan, William G., Philosophy of Language A contemporary introduction, Routledge, 2000
Martinich, A.P., The Philosophy of Language, (Ed), OUP, 1990
Supplementary Reading: Alston, A.P. The Philosophy of Language, Prentice Hall, India
Rorty, R., Linguistic Turn
Ayer, A.J., Language, Truth and Logic
Austin, J.L., How to Do Things with Words
Sen, Pranab Kumar, Reference and Truth
Pradhan, R. C. Philosophy of Meaning and Representation
Greyling A.C. (ed.), Philosophy 2 OUP 1998, (chapter on philosophy of language)
Davidson, Donald, Inquiries into Truth and Interpretation
24
COURSE PHL 2.4.19
PHENOMENOLOGY AND EXISTENTIALISM
Unit-I
Concept of Phenomenology, Critique of Naturalism and Psychologism, Phenomenological
Method
Unit- II
Intentionality of Consciousness, Life-world, embodiment of consciousness
Unit- III
Being, Freedom and human existence: Heidegger, Sartre
Suggested Readings:
Edmund Husserl: Phenomenology & the Crisis of Philosophy, translated by Quentin Lauer,
N. York, Harper Torchbook 1965
Edmund Husserl: Idea of Phenomenology (Relevant Portions) The Macmillan Company,
1952
Merleau-Ponty: Phenomenology of Perception
Jean-Paul Sartre: The Transcendence of the Ego, Hill and Wang Published
Jean-Paul Sartre: Being and Nothingness (Relevant Portions). Trans. by H.E. Barnes, London
Methuen & Co. Ltd. 1994
Jean-Paul Sartre: Existentialism and Humanism
Martin Heidegger: Being and Time
Herbert Spiegelberg: Phenomenological Movement: A Historical Introduction Vol. – I & II
(Relevant portions on Specific topics). The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff, 1965.
Maurice Freedmen (Ed): Worlds of Existentialism, Humanities Press, U.S.A. (Relevant
Selections from Kierkegaard, Sartre, Merleau-Ponty, Heidegger)
Robert Solomon: From Rationalism to Existentialism, Harpepr and Row Publishers, 1972
Geoffrey C1ive( ed): The Philosophy of Nietzsche, Meridian Publication, USA.
H. J. Black: Six Existentialist Thinkers
M.K. Bhadra: Critical Survey of Phenomenology & Existentialism, ICPR, New, Delhi.
M. K. Bhadra: Sartre's Ontology of Consciousness, Burdwan University
R.J. Hollingdale: Nietzsche: The Man and His Philosophy, Cambridge University Press
J. N. Mohanty: The Concept of Intentionality, Warren H. Green, Inc, St Louis, Missouri,
U.S.A
(Only portions of the suggested materials will be consulted according to the syllabus.
The course teacher may suggest further books and reading materials according to the
need of the students and new publications)
25
COURSE PHL 2.4.20
SET 1
VEDĀNTA II
Unit-I Visistadvaita: the central concepts
Unit-II Ramanuja’s critique of advaita: Brahma, jiva, jagat, maya and mukti
Unit-III Ramanuja: saguna Brahman, jiva and the Brahman-world relation
Prescribed Books
1. Mandukya Upanisad, Tr. Swami Chinmayananda, Central Chinmaya Mission
Trust, Mumbai
2. Brahma Sutras: Sri Bhasya, (Tr.) Swami Vireswarananda and Swami
Adidevananda, Advaita Ashrama, Kolkata.
3. P.N.Srinivasachari, The Philosophy of Visistadvaita, The Adyar Library and
Research Centre, Chennai.
4. A.S.Raghavan, Visistadvaita, Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanam, Tirupati.
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COURSE PHL 2.4.20
SET 2
LATER WITTGENSTEIN
Unit-I
Rejection of logical atomism, attack on essentialism, puzzlement and philsophy
Unit-II
Use of words, meaning and use of words, knowing how to go on, mind and its place in
language
Unit-III
Private Language, sensations and talk of them, the nature of philosophy
Prescribed books:
Wittgenstein, L., Philosophical Investigations
Suggested readings: Black, Max, A companion to Wittgenstein’s Tractatus
Kenny, A., Wittgenstein
Pitcher, G., The Philosophy of Wittgenstein
Chandra, Suresh, (2002) Wittgenstein: New Perspectives, ICPR
Vohra, Ashok (trans.), (1998) (Ludwig Wittgenstein), On Certainty, ICPR
Pradhan, R.C., (2001) Recent Developments in Analytic Philosophy, ICPR
Pears, D.F., Wittgenstein
27
COURSE PHL 2.4.20
SET 3
ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS
Unit-I
Anthropocentrism, Bio-centrism, Eco-Centrism,
Environmental goods as instrumental goods and environmental goods as values by
themselves
Unit-II
The distinction between prudential reasons and moral reasons
The Independent moral status of living things
Animal Rights
Unit-III
Climate change, Sustainable development
Relationship of human beings to the rest of nature: Naturalist View, Deep-green View and
Deep Ecology
Suggested Readings:
Benson, John (2000), Environmental Ethics, An Introduction with readings, Routledge,
Routley V and R., “Environmental Ethics in Practice”
Wilson. E. O., “The Environmental Ethic”
Pearce, D., Markandya, A & Barber, E.B., Economic Valuation of Environmental goods
Pearce D, “A reply to some criticism”
Taylor, P.W., “Respect for nature”
Mill, J.S., “Nature”
Naess, A., “Identification, oneness, wholeness and self-realization”
Fox, W., “Transpersonal Ecology and the varieties of identification”
Plumwood, V., “ Nature , Self and Gender: Feminism, Environmental Philosophy and the
critique of Rationalism.
(All these articles are available in Benson (2000)
Singer, Peter, Practical Ethics, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1993.
Velasquez, Manuel, G., Business Ethics: Concept and Cases, 5th
edition, Pearson
Prentice Hall, New Delhi, 2002.
28
COURSE PHL 2.4.20
SET 4
CONSCIOUSNESSS-II
Unit- I
Features of Consciousness, Ontology and Genesis of Consciousness, Function of
Consciousness, Problem of Consciousnes
Unit- II
Specific Theories of Consciousness: The Representationalist Theories, Cognitive Theories
and Neural Theories, Intentionality and Temporality- Husserl
Unit-III
Evolutionary Theory of Consciousness- Sri Aurobindo, J. Krishnamurti on consciousness,
K.C. Bhattacharya on theoretic grades of consciousness
Recommended Books and Materials:
Susan Blackmore, Consciousness: An Introduction, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.
Michael Tye, Ten Problems of Consciousness: A Representational Theory of the Phenomenal
Mind Representation and Mind, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995.
Ned Block, Owen J. Flanagan and Güven Güzeldere (Edited): The Nature of Consciousness:
Philosophical Debates, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1997.
Internet Link: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/consciousness/#3
Francis Crick, The Astonishing Hypothesis in Philosophy East and West, 1996
Bina Gupta, Cit: Consciousness, OUP, 2003
S. Radhakrishnan, Indian Philosophy, vol. I & II
Jayanta Bhatta, Nyaya Manjari
Vacaspati Mishra’s Commentary on Samkhya Karika
J. Krishnamurti, On consciousness, Krishnamurti Foundation of India, Chennai
Patanjali, Yoga sutra
Suggested Books:
Max Velmans, Susan Schneider (Edited), The Blackwell Companion to Consciousness, USA:
Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
Joseph Levine, Purple Haze: The Puzzle of Consciousness, Oxford: Oxford University Press,
2001.
Susan Blackmore, Consciousness: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford: Oxford University
Press, 2005.
Thomas Metzinger (Edited) Neural Correlates of Consciousness: Empirical and Conceptual
Questions, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2000
Mark Rowlands, The Nature of Consciousness, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
2001.
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