1 CONTINUITY OF IMPROVE CARBON DATA THROUGH THE 1 JANUARY 2005 INTRODUCTION OF NEW ANALYTICAL...
25
1 CONTINUITY OF IMPROVE CARBON DATA THROUGH THE 1 JANUARY 2005 INTRODUCTION OF NEW ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION* WHW, 10/2/07 *Chow et al. (2007) JA&WMA 57:1015-1023 updated 1/23/08 This is an updated and elaborated version of a presentation sent to DRI in August 2007 and presented at the IMPROVE Steering Committee meeting in Durango ( http://vista.cira.colostate.edu/improve/Activities/Meetings/2007Pres/C_medians_whit e.pdf ). It applies to carbon data some of the analytical techniques developed at CNL to identify temporal instabilities in XRF data. The plots that follow are snapshots from early stages of a hypothesis-generating exploration, and at this point are intended only for internal discussions of their interpretation.
1 CONTINUITY OF IMPROVE CARBON DATA THROUGH THE 1 JANUARY 2005 INTRODUCTION OF NEW ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION* WHW, 10/2/07 *Chow et al. (2007) JA&WMA
1 CONTINUITY OF IMPROVE CARBON DATA THROUGH THE 1 JANUARY 2005
INTRODUCTION OF NEW ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION* WHW, 10/2/07 *Chow
et al. (2007) JA&WMA 57:1015-1023 updated 1/23/08 This is an
updated and elaborated version of a presentation sent to DRI in
August 2007 and presented at the IMPROVE Steering Committee meeting
in Durango (
http://vista.cira.colostate.edu/improve/Activities/Meetings/2007Pres/C_medians_white.pdf
).
http://vista.cira.colostate.edu/improve/Activities/Meetings/2007Pres/C_medians_white.pdf
It applies to carbon data some of the analytical techniques
developed at CNL to identify temporal instabilities in XRF data.
The plots that follow are snapshots from early stages of a
hypothesis-generating exploration, and at this point are intended
only for internal discussions of their interpretation.
Slide 2
2 We begin with time series of the ratios TOR fraction / total
carbon (g/g or mol/mol). VIEWS raw, downloaded 9/07 VIEWS
preliminary, downloaded 9/07 (Babs is not included in VIEWS
preliminary data, and so was obtained from CNLs internal files.)
Scales vary from fraction to fraction, but grid intervals remain
constant (as a visual cue to the differences).
Slide 3
3 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID DATA
25 th percentile 75 th percentile
Slide 4
4 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID DATA
2001-2003 NORMAL: for each week {1,2,,52}, the median of 24h
medians from that week during 2001-2003
Slide 5
5 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID DATA
unsynchronized sampling during 2/week 1/3day transition: data
excluded version 1 | version 2 samplers IMPROVE IMPROVE_A (DRI/OGC)
(DRI Model 2001)
Slide 6
6 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID
DATA
Slide 7
7 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID
DATA
Slide 8
8 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID
DATA
Slide 9
9 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID
DATA
Slide 10
10 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID
DATA
Slide 11
11 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID
DATA
Slide 12
12 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID
DATA
Slide 13
13 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID
DATA
Slide 14
14 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID
DATA
Slide 15
15 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID
DATA
Slide 16
16 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID
DATA
Slide 17
17 Some organic fractions changed abruptly on 1 January
2005.
Slide 18
18 Others seemed to anticipate the change in
instrumentation.
Slide 19
19 The changes in OC and EC are neither abrupt nor dramatic,
but the greater regularity of these aggregates makes them
noticeable. Winter 2003-4 also appears anomalous.
Slide 20
20 We have focused on carbon/carbon ratios up to now. Total
organic carbon, OC, can also be compared against non- sulfate
hydrogen. This is calculated from the A-module PESA measurement of
H and the B-module IC measurement of SO 4 = on the assumption that
all sulfate is ammonium sulfate. On the further assumption that
ammonium sulfate accounts for all inorganic hydrogen, non-sulfate
hydrogen is referred to as organic hydrogen, OH. Total elemental
carbon, EC, can be compared against the A- module HIPS (hybrid
integrating plate/sphere) measurement of light absorption. These
data are submitted by CNL as LRNC (the NC stands for
non-corrected), and delivered by VIEWS as Babs in the non-standard
units (10 8 m) -1. Of course, each measurement added to the
comparisons also carries its own errors and uncertainties.
Slide 21
21 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE, ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID
DATA mol/mol 1 1.5 2 3 mol/mol
Slide 22
22 mol/mol 1 1.5 2 3 mol/mol MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE
ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID DATA The new measurements report less OC,
not only relative to TC, but also relative to OH estimated wholly
independently. Like OP/TC, OC/OH seemed to anticipate the
instrumentation change.
Slide 23
23 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID
DATA 20 10 5 m 2 /g g/10m 2
Slide 24
24 20 10 5 m 2 /g MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE
NETWORK, ALL VALID DATA g/10m 2 EC/LRNC trended higher in 2005 than
in 2004, but gaps leave the record somewhat ambiguous.
Slide 25
25 MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE ENTIRE NETWORK, ALL VALID
DATA Comparison with gravimetric fine mass, considered one of the
most reliably accurate of the measurements, gives no clear
indication that TC = EC+OC did exhibit any decrease in 2005.