1. Conservation

Knowing that quantities remain equal even when containers change shapetall thin glass of water, short wide glass of watercandy bar ( ½ broken up and ½ remains whole)shaping a “ball” of clay into a pancake then a

snake

2. Classification

To group objects according to the ways they are similarcolorshapesizeuseweight

3. Sequencing or Seriation

Putting things into some kind of logical ordering:what happens 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.largest to smallesttallest to shortestwidest to narrowest

arranging blocks according to size <from smallest to largest>

nesting cupsmoney

4. Reversibility

To carry a thought forward, then rethink itchange things back to the original shape

think about a tower, building it with blocks, taking it down, and rebuilding it

sandcastles, snowmen, play-doh

Build it - Melt or Knocked down - Rebuild

5. Cause and Effect

Doing something to cause other things to happenTurning on a

faucet in the bathroom, water comes out

Jack-in-the-boxHit/shake a bell

and it will ring

Turn lever and water comes out.

Turn the handle and clown pops

out.

6. Recall

To reproduce an idea or a name from memory

describing yesterday’s evening meal in detail

7. Time

A period during which an action takes placesecondsminuteshoursdaysmonthsyearsseasonspast, present, future

8. Representation

Having something stand or represent something elsePicture represents a personPlastic food represents real foodStuffed animals represent dog, cat, monkey,

cow, bear, etc.

9. NumberThe names of the number (two/2)Establishing a one to one correspondence

having two objects outshowing them the object, the numeral, and the

word to correlate them

10. Spatial Representation

The “space” words are:overunderaroundthroughon top ofin betweennext to

11. LanguageThe pronunciation of the letters

“S” sound“B” sound

Knowing and writing the alphabetA, B, C, D, E, . . . In order and upper/lower case

Readingletters to words to sentences to paragraphs to

stories