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Claudio Forner
UNFCCC secretariat
The UNFCCC’s Bali Roadmap: building long-term cooperative action to address climate change
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Outline
• Introduction: The UNFCCC
• The Bali roadmap
• The Bali Action Plan
• What is needed?
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The UNFCCC
Objective: stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a time frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food production is not threatened and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner.
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The UNFCCC: timeline
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9: F
irst clima
te chan
ge
conferen
ce
200
7: IP
CC
FA
R; B
ali
Ro
adm
ap
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7: K
yoto P
rotoco
l A
dop
ted1
992
: Con
ventio
n e
nters in
to force
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1: M
arrakesh
A
ccord
s
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5: K
yoto P
rotoco
l en
ters into
force
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2: K
yoto first com
mitm
en
t p
eriod
expire
s
200
8: K
yoto first com
mitm
en
t p
eriod
starts
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9: A
gre
emen
t on lo
ng
-term
coo
pera
tive actio
n
Long termCooperative
Action toAddress Climate Change
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The road to Bali: gaining political momentum
• A two year dialogue under the UNFCCC
• Kyoto Protocol short life expires after 2012
• IPCC Fourth Assessment Report:
– Climate change is unequivocal
– Global emissions continue to raise
– Delay in reducing emissions constrains development
– Humanity has the capacity to address climate change
• Raising the political status of climate change:
– UN secretary General high level event
– G8
– APEC
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The Bali Roadmap
A two year negotiating process for a broad and robust response to climate change. Components:
A new negotiation process (LCA)DeforestationTechnology transferKyoto track: time table for the AWG, adaptation fund and the review of the Protocol
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New negotiations: Bali Action Plan
• Enhance the implementation of the Convention
• An Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-Term Cooperative Action under the Convention to address:
– Nationally appropriate commitments or actions by developed countries and mitigation actions for developing countries;
– Essential actions to adapt to climate change and promote climate-resilient development;
– Mobilise finance and technology cooperation to support action.
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Shared vision
• Emission reductions• Resilience/reduced vulnerability
Action by developed countries
• On mitigation• On adaptation
Action by developing countries
• On mitigation• On adaptation
Catalytic role of the UNFCCC
Outputto supportElements of support
Enabling elements
Inputto support
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Action by developed countries
• Measurable, reportable, verifiable mitigation action/commitments
• Implementation of action on adaptation
• Action to support action by developing countries
Action by developing countries
• Nationally appropriate mitigation actions supported and enabled by technology, financing and capacity building
• Reducing emissions from deforestation
• Implementation of action on adaptation
National/international action
• Cooperative sectoral approaches and sector-specific actions on mitigation
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Elements of support
• Access to financial resources and support (FMR, TT)
• Positive incentives for mitigation and adaptation action
• Access to technology for developing countries (FMR, TT)
• Financing for adaptation (AF, GEF)
Enabling elements
• Accelerating deployment, diffusion and transfer of technology (TT)
• Technology R&D; technology cooperation in specific sectors (TT)
• Mobilization of public- and private-sector funding and investment
• Means of adaptation (1/CP.13, NWP, possibly 1/CP.10)
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Key aspects of the Bali Action Plan
• Economic growth and poverty eradication are global priorities
• Deep cuts in global emissions are urgently required
• Provision of incentives to engage all Parties
• Going beyond assistance: the role of business and the private sector through right investment decisions
• A long term vision
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What is needed?
• A comprehensive financial architecture:
– Mechanisms established within the UNFCCC;
– Mechanisms enabled through the rules under the Convention, but working outside; and
– Financial tools created independently of the Convention, but linked to it.
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What is needed?
• Climate change as a crosscutting challenge
• The UNFCCC as a catalyst for action
• Full mobilization of the international community
• Different actors = different roles
What is your role/ what can you do?
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Thank you
