1 Case Discussions & Review. 2 Things to know… What is first aid? What is first aid? What do you do is someone refuses help? What do you do is someone

1

Case Discussions & ReviewCase Discussions & Review

2

Things to know…Things to know…

• What is first aid?What is first aid?

• What do you do is someone refuses What do you do is someone refuses help?help?

• Steps of Primary Survey?Steps of Primary Survey?

• What to do after an emergency is over?What to do after an emergency is over?

Heartsaver First Aid—First Aid Basics

3

Case 1Case 1

A custodial worker begins to clean the A custodial worker begins to clean the office. While dusting, he begins to office. While dusting, he begins to have trouble breathing. have trouble breathing. • You tell him that you know first aid and ask if You tell him that you know first aid and ask if

you can help. you can help. • He says he needs help and tells you that he He says he needs help and tells you that he

has asthma and has an inhaler in his coat has asthma and has an inhaler in his coat pocket, which is on his cart. pocket, which is on his cart.

What should you do now?What should you do now?

Heartsaver First Aid—Medical Emergencies

4

First Aid ActionsFirst Aid Actions

• What are the signs of trouble What are the signs of trouble breathing?breathing?

• Bring inhaler and stay with himBring inhaler and stay with him

• Phone for help if:Phone for help if:– Trouble breathing after using inhalerTrouble breathing after using inhaler– No inhalerNo inhaler– Becomes unresponsiveBecomes unresponsive

5

Case 2Case 2You are in the cafeteria and see a You are in the cafeteria and see a co-worker looking frightened and co-worker looking frightened and having trouble breathing.having trouble breathing.• You tell her that you know first aid and ask You tell her that you know first aid and ask

if you can help. if you can help. • The co-worker nods and says, “I’m allergic The co-worker nods and says, “I’m allergic

to peanuts.” to peanuts.”



6


• What are the signs of a severe What are the signs of a severe allergic reaction?allergic reaction?

• Phone for help; get first aid kitPhone for help; get first aid kit• Ask if they have epi-penAsk if they have epi-pen

– Get the pen and help her use it if state Get the pen and help her use it if state and company approves itand company approves it

– No pen, stay with her until EMS No pen, stay with her until EMS arrivesarrives

7

Case 3Case 3

You are in a restaurant when a You are in a restaurant when a women jumps up and grabs her women jumps up and grabs her throat. You rush over to her. throat. You rush over to her.



8


• What questions do you ask?What questions do you ask?

• What do you look for in infants?What do you look for in infants?

• How do you help?How do you help?

• How long do you help?How long do you help?

9

Case 4Case 4A co-worker complains of being tired A co-worker complains of being tired and having chest pain. and having chest pain. • You tell him that you know first aid and ask You tell him that you know first aid and ask

if you can help. if you can help. • He nods and says, “It’s nothing. It’s He nods and says, “It’s nothing. It’s probably something I ate.” probably something I ate.” • You notice that he is sweating and is You notice that he is sweating and is breathing fast. You tell him that you are breathing fast. You tell him that you are going going to get help, but he says not to bother, to get help, but he says not to bother, it will it will pass. pass.



10


• Other signs of a possible heart attack?Other signs of a possible heart attack?

• Have them sit or lie downHave them sit or lie down

• Phone or send someone for helpPhone or send someone for help– Get first aid kit and AEDGet first aid kit and AED

• Stay with co-worker; becomes Stay with co-worker; becomes unresponsive, be ready to give CPR and unresponsive, be ready to give CPR and use of AEDuse of AED

11

Other related issue…Other related issue…

• Cardiac arrest?Cardiac arrest?

12

Case 5Case 5You walk into your boss’s office and You walk into your boss’s office and see that he has his head on the desk. see that he has his head on the desk.

• You run over and shout “Are you OK?” You run over and shout “Are you OK?” He He lifts his head and mumbles something. lifts his head and mumbles something. He He is sleepy and confused. is sleepy and confused.

• You see that he is breathing normally, and You see that he is breathing normally, and you find that he has a medical bracelet that you find that he has a medical bracelet that states that he is a diabetic. states that he is a diabetic.



13

First Aid ActionsFirst Aid Actions• Give sugar by mouth if he can Give sugar by mouth if he can

swallow (give soda, fruit juice, or swallow (give soda, fruit juice, or pack of sugar) NO artificial pack of sugar) NO artificial sweeteners or diet productssweeteners or diet products

• Lie or sit downLie or sit down

• Can’t swallow or does not feel Can’t swallow or does not feel better after sugar intake or better after sugar intake or becomes unresponsive, phone for becomes unresponsive, phone for helphelp

14

Case 6Case 6

You are talking to your foreman when You are talking to your foreman when he suddenly begins to slur his speech.he suddenly begins to slur his speech.His right arm falls to his side, and heHis right arm falls to his side, and heslumps down.slumps down.



15


• Check area for safety; May have to Check area for safety; May have to help him lie downhelp him lie down

• Phone for help and get first aid kitPhone for help and get first aid kit

• If goes unresponsive, start CPR or If goes unresponsive, start CPR or AED useAED use

16

Case 7Case 7

You are working on the assembly line You are working on the assembly line when there is a commotion. You see one when there is a commotion. You see one of the employees lying on the ground. Her of the employees lying on the ground. Her arms and legs are shaking violently.arms and legs are shaking violently.



17


• Area must be safe; move furniture Area must be safe; move furniture or other objects in the wayor other objects in the way

• Place towel or pad under victim’s Place towel or pad under victim’s headhead

• Phone for helpPhone for help• Wait for seizure to stopWait for seizure to stop• DO NOT put anything in the mouthDO NOT put anything in the mouth• DO NOT hold the victim downDO NOT hold the victim down

18

Case 8Case 8A dockworker is unloading a truck and gets A dockworker is unloading a truck and gets hit in the stomach by a heavy crate. When hit in the stomach by a heavy crate. When you arrive he is on the ground in pain.you arrive he is on the ground in pain.

• You tell him that you know first aid and ask if You tell him that you know first aid and ask if you can help. He nods. you can help. He nods.

• You make sure the area is safe. He is You make sure the area is safe. He is responsive and is breathing normally. responsive and is breathing normally. • You look and see no bleeding. You ask what You look and see no bleeding. You ask what

hurts and he points to his stomach. He hurts and he points to his stomach. He begins to shiver and becomes confused. begins to shiver and becomes confused.



19

First Aid ActionsFirst Aid Actions• Phone for helpPhone for help

• Keep victim still and lying downKeep victim still and lying down

• No leg injury – raise feet 12 inchesNo leg injury – raise feet 12 inches

• Cover with a blanketCover with a blanket

• Signs of shockSigns of shock – Feels cold and shivering, feels weak, faint, Feels cold and shivering, feels weak, faint,

or dizzy, confused or agitated, vomiting, or dizzy, confused or agitated, vomiting, thirsty thirsty

20

FaintingFainting

• Why might it happen?Why might it happen?

• What to do to help?What to do to help?

21

Case 1Case 1

You bring the First Aid Kit when you You bring the First Aid Kit when you are called to help someone who has are called to help someone who has been cut by a piece of machinery at been cut by a piece of machinery at work. work.


Heartsaver First Aid—Injury Emergencies

22


• Put on PPEPut on PPE

• Stop bleeding with pressureStop bleeding with pressure

• Elevation if that doesn’t helpElevation if that doesn’t help

• Remove soaked gauze?Remove soaked gauze?

23

Other bleeding issues…Other bleeding issues…

-Nosebleeds-Nosebleeds-Cuts to the Mouth-Cuts to the Mouth-Puncture Wounds-Puncture Wounds-Amputations-Amputations


24

Head and Spine InjuriesHead and Spine Injuries

• When are the only two times we When are the only two times we want to move a victim?want to move a victim?

• Signs of a head/spine injurySigns of a head/spine injury

• Main points to a Roll TurnMain points to a Roll Turn


25

Case 3Case 3You bring the First Aid Kit when you are You bring the First Aid Kit when you are called to help a co-worker who has fallen called to help a co-worker who has fallen down the stairs. You find the woman sitting down the stairs. You find the woman sitting on the stair landing, holding her arm against on the stair landing, holding her arm against her body and moaning. She says, “I think her body and moaning. She says, “I think it’s broken.”it’s broken.”

• You tell the woman that you know first aid You tell the woman that you know first aid and ask if you can help. She nods. and ask if you can help. She nods.



26

First Aid ActionsFirst Aid Actions• Look for any open wounds – cover Look for any open wounds – cover

with clean dressingwith clean dressing

• Check for shock and treat if need beCheck for shock and treat if need be

• DO NOT try to straighten the injured DO NOT try to straighten the injured armarm

• Place a plastic bag filled with ice over Place a plastic bag filled with ice over a towel on injured area – on for 15 off a towel on injured area – on for 15 off for 5for 5

• Call for help if victim can’t moveCall for help if victim can’t move

27

Case 4Case 4You are asked to give first aid to a plant You are asked to give first aid to a plant worker who was burned by a steam jet. worker who was burned by a steam jet. When you reach the area, you see a When you reach the area, you see a worker with a reddened area on her arm worker with a reddened area on her arm and hand.and hand.

• You introduce yourself and say that you know You introduce yourself and say that you know first aid and ask if you can help. She nods.first aid and ask if you can help. She nods.



28


• Check area for safetyCheck area for safety• Cool burn with cold water – hold it Cool burn with cold water – hold it

under the water for 15-20 minutesunder the water for 15-20 minutes• Cover with dry, non-sticky sterile or Cover with dry, non-sticky sterile or

clean dressingclean dressing• Do not put fat, mayo, or other home Do not put fat, mayo, or other home

remedies on the burnremedies on the burn• When should we seek medical When should we seek medical

attention?attention?• How can you tell the difference in the How can you tell the difference in the

degree of burns?degree of burns?

29

Case 5Case 5

You bring the First Aid Kit when you You bring the First Aid Kit when you are called to help a worker who was are called to help a worker who was “shocked” when he was repairing a “shocked” when he was repairing a piece of equipment. You find the piece of equipment. You find the man on the ground near the man on the ground near the equipment. He does not move. equipment. He does not move. Several other workers are nearby.Several other workers are nearby.



30


• Be sure area is safe. Stay away from Be sure area is safe. Stay away from electrical sourceelectrical source

• Phone for help and get AEDPhone for help and get AED

• DO NOT touch the victim if he/she is DO NOT touch the victim if he/she is still in contact with power sourcestill in contact with power source

• Check ABC’s once scene is safe – Check ABC’s once scene is safe – CPR if necessaryCPR if necessary

• DO NOT move the victimDO NOT move the victim

• Fire??? Clothing and Jewelry?Fire??? Clothing and Jewelry?

31

What to know???What to know???• Effective chest compressionsEffective chest compressions• Skills in orderSkills in order• When to call 911?When to call 911?• Main differences between Main differences between

pediatrics and adults?pediatrics and adults?• Chains of Survival for both?Chains of Survival for both?• Hand placement for CPRHand placement for CPR• All ratios and depthsAll ratios and depths• Choking skill on babyChoking skill on baby

Heartsaver First Aid—CPR

32

What to know…What to know…

• Why use quickly?Why use quickly?

• Special Situations?Special Situations?

• Triple “P” Double “C”Triple “P” Double “C”

Heartsaver First Aid—AED

33

• Poisonings, chemical spillsPoisonings, chemical spills• Heat-related illnessesHeat-related illnesses

– Frostbite, hypothermia, heat strokeFrostbite, hypothermia, heat stroke

• Insect and animal bitesInsect and animal bites– rabid animalsrabid animals

• Snake bitesSnake bites– wrap on coral snakebiteswrap on coral snakebites

• TicksTicks

Heartsaver First Aid—Environmental

Documents

1 Case Discussions & Review. 2 Things to know… What is first aid? What is first aid? What do you do is someone refuses help? What do you do is someone