1

AMY Detector (eighties)AMY Detector (eighties)A rather compact detector

2

LEP/LHC at CERN - Geneva

Particle Particle AcceleratorsAccelerators

• usual types electron vs anti-electron proton vs proton proton vs anti-proton electron vs proton

3

유럽에서 하는 L3 실험

4

ee++ee-- Cross Cross SectionsSections

(for example, LEP (for example, LEP experiments in experiments in

1989~2000)1989~2000) They represents

the probability of producing specific scattering events

Finding new physics largely depends on how well we distinguish signals from background processes

5

Branching Ratios mf

2

Decays to bb dominant

Branching Ratios of Higgs Branching Ratios of Higgs (e.g.)(e.g.)

6

Higgs Signature(Expected)

4 jets Missing Energy

2 leptons(e, μ)+2 jets

ν

ν

2 taus(τ)+2 jets

τ

τ

H→ bb H→ bb

H(Z)→bb(qq)H→ bb

Z→ qq Z→ νν

Z(H)→τ τZ→ l+l-

7

EventDisplay

8

9

online systemmulti-level triggerfilter out backgroundreduce data volume

level 1 - special hardware

40 MHz (40 TB/sec)level 2 - embedded processorslevel 3 - PCs

75 KHz (75 GB/sec)5 KHz (5 GB/sec) 100 Hz(100 MB/sec)

data recording &offline analysis

One of the four LHC detectors:

Experiments from 2007

Particle collisionsin nanoseconds

10

Higgs Particle in CMS (imagination)Higgs Particle in CMS (imagination)

11

Why HEP Data Grid Why HEP Data Grid and e-Science?and e-Science?

The Grid is rapidly being recognized as one of the most promising application of information technology.

High Energy Physics (HEP), as one of the most immediate applications, needs, in its nature, - A new next-generation information technology in ver

y high-speed networking,- massive data distribution and processing, - and intensive computing power and data storage.

To meet these needs, "HEP Data Grid“ and we do e-Science

12

CERN Experiments: ExampleCERN Experiments: ExampleThe LHC Detectors CMS

ATLAS

LHCb

~6-8 PetaBytes / year~108 events / year

13

LEVEL-1 Trigger Hardwired processors (ASIC, FPGA) Pipelined massive parallel

HIGH LEVEL Triggers Farms of

processors

10-9 10-6 10-3 10-0 103

25ns 3µs hour yearms

Reconstruction&ANALYSIS TIER0/1/2

Centers

ON-lineOFF-line

sec

Giga Tera Petabit

Courtesy P. Sphicas/ICHEP2002 and CMS

CMS at LHC

14

Concepts of Concepts of Linear ColliderLinear Collider

in 2010’s in 2010’s

another option

15

In the futureIn the future Production of data ( > tens of PB/year) Processing of data and sharing with thousands

of people for analysis Transferring data ( ~ Tera bit seconds ) Analysis becomes very complex but should be

made easy for users GRID / High BW Networks/ Supercomputing In fact, related technologies and economic fact

ors are in favor of us to make this scenario real