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CHAPTER 6: BIOMES

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A BIOME IS A LARGE REGION CHARACTERIZED BY TWO FACTORS: CLIMATE AND PLANT LIFE.

CLIMATE IS THE WEATHER CONDITIONS (TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION) IN AN AREA OVER A LONG PERIOD OF TIME.

SECTION 6.1 WHAT IS A BIOME?

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PLANT LIFETHE TWO MAIN

FACTORS THAT DETERMINES WHAT TYPE OF PLANTS GROW IN A BIOME ARE TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION.

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LATITUDETHE DISTANCE

NORTH OR SOUTH OF THE EQUATOR MEASURED IN DEGREES.

THE HEIGHT OF AN OBJECT ABOVE SEA LEVEL.

LATITUDE VS. ALTITUDE

ALTITUDE

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END OF 6.1: TIME FOR READING QUIZ

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SECTION 6.2: FOREST BIOMES

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TROPICAL RAIN FORESTLOCATED ON OR

NEAR EQUATORWARM YEAR

ROUNDLOTS OF

PRECIPITATIONMOST

BIODIVERSITY OF ANY BIOME

SOIL IS NOT NUTRIENT RICH

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LAYERS OF THE RAIN FORESTEmergent layer is on

top with direct sunlight = tallest trees

Canopy (lower and upper) has lots of animals, flowers, fruits and epiphytes.

Understory gets very little light so plants adapted to shade live here.

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THREATS TO THE RAINFORESTHABITAT

DESTRUCTIONTRADING OF

EXOTIC PLANTS AND ANIMALS

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LARGE AMOUNT OF RAINFALLHIGH HUMIDITYMODERATE TEMPERATURESLOCATED IN PACIFIC NORTHWEST

TEMPERATE RAIN FOREST

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TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FORESTLOCATED ALONG EAST

COASTHAS FOUR SEASONSMOSTLY DECIDUOUS

TREES THAT LOSE LEAVES IN WINTER

PLANTS ARE ADAPTED FOR SEASONAL CHANGES AND ANIMALS ARE ADAPTED TO USE FOREST FOR FOOD AND SHELTER

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TAIGALOCATED JUST

BELOW THE ARCTIC CIRCLE

LONG WINTERSLITTLE

PRECIPITATIONACIDIC SOILCONIFEROUS

TREESANIMALS MIGRATE

AND USE CAMOUFLAGE AS ADAPTATIONS

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END OF 6.2: TIME FOR READING QUIZ

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SECTION 6.3: GRASSLAND, DESERT, AND TUNDRA

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TROPICAL GRASSLANDSSAVANNAS OF

AFRICAHAVE WET AND

DRY SEASONSPLANTS AND

ANIMALS HAVE ADAPTATIONS BASED ON THESE SEASONS

PRAIRIES IN U.S.MOSTLY GRASSESWHERE WE GROW

OUR CROPSFERTILE SOILGRAZING ANIMALS

TWO DIFFERENT GRASSLANDS

TEMPERATE GRASSLANDS

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THREATS TO THE TEMPERATE GRASSLANDSFARMING LEADS

TO SOIL EROSIONOVERGRAZING

ALSO LEADS TO SOIL EROSION

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CHAPARRALTEMPERATE

WOODLAND BIOMEMEDITERRANEAN

CLIMATEPLANTS HAVE

SMALL LEATHERY LEAVES.

PLANTS ARE ADAPTED TO FIRE

ANIMALS USE CAMOUFLAGE.

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DESERTRECEIVE VERY

LITTLE RAINVERY HOT DURING

DAY BUT COLD AT NIGHT

PLANTS CONSERVE WATER

ANIMALS RETAIN WATER AND BURROW IN GROUND

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TUNDRANORTHERN ARCTICPERMAFROSTTHIN SOILPLANTS HAVE WIDE,

SHALLOW ROOTSGROW CLOSE TO

GROUNDANIMALS MIGRATEOTHERS ARE WELL

INSULATED AND USE CAMOUFLAGE

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OIL EXPLORATIONPOLLUTIONDISRUPTING THE SIMPLE FOOD CHAINS

OF THIS VERY FRAGILE BIOME

THREATS TO THE TUNDRA

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END OF 6.3: TIME FOR READING QUIZ