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Crude Oil CompositionPetroleum Terms• Paraffins• Naphthenes• Aromatics• Asphaltics
Organic Terms• Alkanes• Cycloalkanes• Aromatic
hydrocarbons
• Composed mainly of polyaromatic carbon rings
• Also contain O, N, or S heteroatoms• mw ranges between 400 – 1500
g/mol• Trace amounts heavy metals V and
Ni
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Fractional Distillation of oil
(The tar used in road surfacing/roofing)
Petroleum Product Groups• Light Distillates
– 3-12 carbons– Propane (gas at RT)– Butane– Octane
• Middle Distillates– Kerosene (6-16 carbons)– Diesel fuel (8-21 carbons)
• Heavy Distillates– Fuel oils– Paraffin waxes (>30 carbons)– Asphault / tar
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Lignin
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EndocellulaseLatest research suggests carbohydrate binding molecule (CBM) is the key